Английский язык для студентов IT-направлений. Учебное пособие

2.Translate the highlighted words in the text.

3.Read and translate the text.

Shopping on a safe website

Shopping online has become a popular way to purchase1 goods and services. It is convenient, fast, and easy to compare prices and products. However, it is important to

be cautious2 when shopping on the internet. There are many websites that are not secure3 and can put your personal information at risk. In this text, we will discuss how to shop safely on a website.

Firstly, it is important to make sure that the website you are shopping on is secure. This can be done by checking if the website has an SSL certificate. An SSL certificate

ensures4 that any information you enter on the website is encrypted5 and cannot be accessed by hackers. You can check if a website has an SSL certificate by looking for

a padlock symbol6 in the URL bar or by checking if the URL starts with "https". Secondly, it is important to use a strong password when creating an account on a

website. A strong password should be at least 8 characters long and include a combination of letters, numbers, and symbols. Avoid using common words or phrases as they can be easily guessed by hackers.

Thirdly, it is important to only shop on websites that you trust. Do some research7

before making a purchase to ensure that the website is legitimate8? Look for reviews

from other customers9 and check if the website has a physical address and phone number.

Finally, it is important to keep your computer and antivirus software up to date.

This will help protect your personal information from viruses and malware10.

In conclusion, shopping online can be safe and convenient if you take the

necessary precautions11. Always make sure12 that the website is secure, use a strong password, only shop on trusted websites, and keep your computer and antivirus software up to date.

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4.Mark the sentences True or False.

1.Shopping online is not a popular way to purchase goods and services.

2.It is not important to be cautious when shopping on the internet.

3.All websites are secure and protect your personal information.

4.An SSL certificate ensures that any information you enter on the website is not encrypted.

5.You can check if a website has an SSL certificate by looking for a padlock symbol in the URL bar.

6.A strong password should be at least 6 characters long.

7.It is not important to do research before making a purchase on a website.

8.All websites are legitimate.

9.You should not look for reviews from other customers before making a purchase.

10.Keeping your computer and antivirus software up to date will not help protect your personal information from viruses and malware.

11.There are no necessary precautions to take when shopping online.

12.It is not important to make sure that the website is secure before making a purchase.

5.Choose the correct answer.

1.What is the main topic of the text?

a)The benefits of shopping online

b)The dangers of shopping online

c)How to shop safely on a website

d)The history of online shopping

2.Why is it important to be cautious when shopping on the internet? a) Because it is slow and inconvenient

b) Because it is difficult to compare prices and products c) Because there are many websites that are not secure

d) Because it is not possible to purchase goods and services online

3.How can you check if a website is secure?

a)By looking for a padlock symbol in the URL bar or checking if the URL starts with "https"

b)By reading reviews from other customers

c)By making sure the website has a physical address and phone number

d)By using a strong password

4. What is an SSL certificate?

a)A type of antivirus software

b)A type of encryption that ensures information entered on a website cannot be accessed by hackers

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c)A type of website review

d)A type of physical address for a website

5.What should a strong password include? a) At least 8 characters, letters only

b) At least 8 characters, numbers only

c) At least 8 characters, a combination of letters, numbers, and symbols d) At least 10 characters, a combination of letters and numbers

6.Why should you avoid using common words or phrases as your password? a) Because they are difficult to remember

b) Because they are easily guessed by hackers c) Because they are too long

d) Because they are not allowed by most websites

7.What should you do before making a purchase on a website?

a)Check if the website has an SSL certificate

b)Use a strong password

c)Do some research to ensure that the website is legitimate

d)Keep your computer and antivirus software up to date

8.What should you look for when doing research on a website? a) Reviews from other customers

b) A physical address and phone number c) Both a and b

d) None of the above

9.What can help protect your personal information from viruses and malware? a) Using a strong password

b) Only shopping on trusted websites

c) Keeping your computer and antivirus software up to date d) All of the above

10.What are the necessary precautions for safe online shopping?

a)Making sure the website is secure, using a strong password, only shopping on trusted websites, and keeping your computer and antivirus software up to date

b)Only shopping on trusted websites and using a strong password

c)Keeping your computer and antivirus software up to date and checking if the website has a physical address and phone number

d)None of the above

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Unit 8

GRAMMAR PRACTICE

Participle

1.Translate the sentences from English into Russian.

1.The man testing this engine belongs to the group exploring damages (troubles) in motors.

2.When translating the article, he uses no dictionary.

3.The problem facing our designing bureau is of great significance for the development of aircraft.

4.Listening to this young scientist's report we improved in some way our knowledge in that field of science.

5.While reading the article the student looked up some words in the dictionary.

6.The problem solved by this young scientist is of great interest for our Institute.

7.The engineers will discuss the quality of the machine tested.

8.The parts produced by our plant are reliable.

9.The material prepared by this research institute has some important data connected with the point of view developed by this famous scientist.

10.Let us see the results received.

11.An oscillator is a new rotating electronic device.

12.Physics is a science dealing with phenomena of matter and energy.

13.The time is not far-away when passenger aircraft will be doing regular services on space lines.

14.While using the new devices a young engineer found it possible to give a new programmed control designed to produce various precise machine parts.

15.In recent years scientists of different countries were working hard to discover the secret of thermonuclear reaction.

16.Large-scale construction is already going on in the Arctic region.

2. Use Participle I or Participle II from the verbs in brackets. Translate the sentences into Russian.

1.Cables are a passive infrastructure ….. (lay) down locally by governments and telecoms companies.

2.Cables have different capacity: a single telephone line like the one ….. (lead) from your home can handle about 7 kilobytes per second.

3.The conference …… (attend) by 1300 people was ….. (hold) in the US in October, ….. (organize) by NCSA and the already ….. (create) International WWW Conference

Committee.

4.We may be fond of our mobile phones, but do we really want more of these eyesores

….. (clutter) up our cities and countryside?

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5.Hackers and malicious online criminals may spend hours of their time ….. (try) to gain access to vulnerabilities in robots. Can you imagine the future of computers…(get) to this level?

6.Notebooks ….. (be) small and ….. (have) relatively less components require less power to operate than what laptops require.

7.Cloud models tend to make sense only when the user needs a ….. (limit) range of services for a short period of time.

8.Once ….. (retrieve), the information is….. (display) as a label ….. (superimpose) on the image.

9.Technology such as mobile phones, the Internet and emails speeds communication but also creates….. (isolate) people who interact with machines rather than with other human beings.

10.There is something ….. (call) The Cloud Security Alliance, which is an organization that promotes best practice for security assurances.

3.Translate the sentences containing Participle I и Participle II.

1. When entering the Internet, I always find a lot of interesting information. 2.Though never built Babbage's analytical engine was the basis for designing today's computers.

3.When written in a symbolic language programs require the translation into the machine language. 4. While operating on the basis of analogy analog computers simulate physical systems. 5. When used voltage represents other physical quantities in analog computers. 6. Being discrete events commercial transactions are in a natural form for a digital computer. 7. As contrasted with the analyst, the computer system architect designs computers for many different applications. 8. While dealing with discrete quantities digital computers count rather than measure. 9. When using a microcomputer, you are constantly making choice – to open a file, to close a file, and so on. 10. As known all computer systems perform the functions of inputting, storing, processing, controlling, and outputting.

4.Translate the sentences containing Perfect Participle Active и Perfect Participle Passive.

1. Having finished the research the scientists made the analysis of the data obtained. 2. The designer left the office having looked through all the documents. 3. Having discussed the functions of storage units we passed on to the consideration of control processing unit. 4. Having limited the information capacity of a single bit to two alternatives the computer designers expressed data by a combination of bits. 5. Having translated the program into machine language the computer architect put the program into the machine. 6. Having been coded the instruction was transmitted to the central processing unit. 7. Having been transmitted to the central processing unit the instruction made arithmetic-logical unit perform some computations. 8. Having been regulated by the operator the equipment operated well. 9. Data having been entered correctly into the computer component of a data processing system, the need for further

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manipulation by humans is eliminated. 10. Having been well prepared for the examination the pupils could answer all the questions the teacher asked them.

5. Translate the sentences containing Participle I, Participle II, Perfect Participle Active и Perfect Participle Passive.

1. Electromechanical memories depend upon moving mechanical parts for their operation. 2. The time required for the computer to locate and transfer data to and from a storage medium is called the access time. 3. Being not visible software makes possible the effective operation of computer system. 4. Having invented magnetic tapes the Germans used them as the secondary storage medium. 5. When properly programmed computers don't make computational errors. 6. Having been introduced in the early 1960s magnetic disc storage has replaced magnetic tape storage. 7. The control unit interpreting instructions is one of the important parts of any computer system. 8. Data recorded in the form of magnetized dots can be arranged to represent coded patterns of bits. 9. As contrasted with magnetic tapes magnetic discs can perform both sequential and random processing. 10. While having no moving mechanical parts electronic memories can transfer data at very high speed.

6.Combine the pairs of sentences by using present participles.

7.Fill in the blanks with present participles.

1.I saw her _____ English to school children. 2.____ the language, I faced many troubles in London.3. _____ money and _____ friends, I could not know what to do.

2._____ along the road, we saw a dead snake. 4. We found Kristina _____ to her sister. 4. I noticed Mary _____ the child into her arms. 5. _____ through the window, he found a car in front of his house. 6. _____ she is fit for the job, I sent her a call for the interview. 7. _____ away the newspaper, I looked at the main gate. 8. _____ that she loved me, I asked her to marry me.

8.Correct the following sentences.

1.Being a fine day, we started the work. 2. Being a holiday, I have no work to do.

2.Having failed in the first attempt, no further attempt was made by him. 3. Having no friends in Delhi, the streets could not be known. 4. Waiting for a friend at the bus stop, a stone was thrown. 5. Looking at the window, a lizard was creeping on the wall.

6.Walking along the road, a dead body was lying on the ground. 7. Returning from office, the cycle tire was burst. 8. Entering the room, the light was dim.

9.In the following sentences supply the correct form of the participle.

1. (stare) at him severely, he refused to answer. 2. (conclude) her summation of the evidence, the defense attorney rested her client’s case. 3. (tell) he was no longer needed, he decided to ask for a transfer. 4. (find) the door closed behind him, he looks about for an emergency exit. 5. (leave) the Army with an honorable discharge, he was surprised that it took him three months to find work. 6. (receive) the honorary degree, the distinguished physician soon left for the airport. 7. (offer) the house for $ 5,000 less than its market value, he hoped to sell it quickly. 8. Customers (arrive) after six o’clock will find the store closed. 9. The auditors will be concerned with entries (omit) from the books. 10. She will find her new position (challenge). 11. Have you seen the (wound) soldiers? 12. While (speak) on the soap-box, I was interrupted. 13. I found a book carefully (place) in the desk. 14. The (tire) farmer was wearing a (tear) coat. 15. Though (alarm) at the news, he did not lose all hope. 16. After (defeat), the team began to practice much harder than before. 17. (order) to go, he went immediately. 18. (laugh) at by everybody, Molly started to cry. 19. Critics (review) for the newspapers attended the Gala Premier of the performance. 20. Houses (locate) in town are in great demand.

10. Correct the following sentences.

1.Going at full speed, he was hit by a car.

2.Getting to school very late, the teacher punished the boy.

3.Having finished my work, the teacher permitted me to go home.

4.Felt very hungry, he bought food to eat.

5.Was fined ten dollars, he deplored it.

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11.Supply the sentences with the correct from of the participle.

a)Peter was shouting loudly when he walked home.

b)I wanted to speak to him about the contract so I decided to arrange a meeting.

c)While I was sitting at the cafe with my friends, I suddenly realized that I had left the oven on at home.

d)As Delores walked on the beach, she dodged jellyfish that had washed ashore.

e)Freddie woke to the buzz of the alarm clock and he cursed the arrival of another Monday.

f)William shouted with happiness, he celebrated his chance to interview at SunTrust.

g)Greg straightened his tie and smoothed his hair, he was relieved that the interview finally started.

h)When I saw the accident ahead, I stopped my car.

i)Tom lost his keys while he was walking through the park.

j)She left the room as she was singing happily.

k)I opened the envelope and I found two concert tickets.

l)As I knew a little Russian, I had no difficulty making myself understood.

READING

1.Translate the words from English into Russian.

Inbox, spam, attachment, recipient, sender, compose, to send an email, to forward an email, to reply to an email, junk emails, important message, empty the trash, keep in touch, read between the lines, hard copy

2.Read and translate the text.

E-mails

Emails are a great way to keep in touch with people, whether they are near or far away. When you open your email, you will see your inbox. This is where all your emails go when someone sends you a message. Sometimes, you may receive junk emails, which are messages that you don't want to read. You can mark them as spam and they will go into a separate folder.

When you want to send an email, you need to compose it first. This means that you write the message and add any attachments if needed. An attachment is a file that you want to send along with your email, like a photo or a document.

Before you send your email, you need to choose a recipient. This is the person who will receive your message. You also need to enter the email address of the person you want to send the message to.

If you receive an important message, make sure to read between the lines. This means that you should pay attention to what the sender is saying and try to understand their message.

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Sometimes, you may want to forward an email to someone else. This means that you send the same message to another person. If you want to reply to an email, you can do so by clicking on the reply button.

Once you have finished reading your emails, make sure to empty the trash. This means that you delete all the messages that you don't need anymore. If you want to keep a hard copy of an email, you can print it out.

In conclusion, emails are a great way to keep in touch with people. Make sure to check your inbox regularly and mark any junk emails as spam. When you want to send an email, compose your message and choose your recipient carefully. And don't forget to read between the lines!

3.Answer the questions.

1.What is the purpose of emails? a) To keep in touch with people b) To delete messages

c) To mark messages as spam d) To forward messages

2.What is an inbox?

a)A folder for junk emails

b)A folder for important messages

c)A folder for all received emails

d)A folder for sent messages

3. What are junk emails?

a)Messages that you don't want to read

b)Messages that you want to keep

c)Messages that are important

d)Messages that are forwarded

4.How can you handle junk emails? a) Mark them as spam

b) Forward them to someone else c) Reply to them

d) Print them out

5.What is an attachment?

a)A file that you want to send along with your email

b)A folder for junk emails

c)A folder for important messages

d)A folder for all received emails

6. What do you need to do before sending an email?

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a) Choose a recipient and enter their email address b) Read between the lines

c) Empty the trash d) Print it out

7. What does it mean to read between the lines?

a) Pay attention to what the sender is saying and try to understand their message b) Forward an email to someone else

c) Delete all the messages that you don't need anymore d) Mark messages as spam

8. What does it mean to forward an email? a) Send the same message to another person b) Delete the message

c) Reply to the message

d) Mark the message as spam

9.What should you do after finishing reading your emails? a) Empty the trash

b) Forward all the messages c) Print out all the messages d) Keep all the messages

10.What is the conclusion of the text?

a)Emails are a great way to keep in touch with people

b)Emails are a waste of time

c)Emails are only for important messages

d)Emails are difficult to use

4.Mark the sentences true or false.

1.Emails are not a good way to keep in touch with people.

2.Your inbox is where all your emails go when you send a message.

3.Junk emails are messages that you want to read.

4.You can't add attachments to your email.

5.Before you send your email, you need to choose a recipient.

6.You don't need to enter the email address of the person you want to send the message to.

7.You should not pay attention to what the sender is saying in an important message.

8.Forwarding an email means that you send the same message to another person.

9.You can't reply to an email.

10.You don't need to empty the trash after reading your emails.

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