Английский язык для студентов IT-направлений. Учебное пособие

D. None of the above

2. What is the purpose of hacking?

A. To gain access to computer systems B. To steal or manipulate data

C. To help users protect their systems D. Both A and B

3. What is malware?

A. Software that is designed to infiltrate a system and gather information without the user's knowledge

B. Software that is designed to protect a system from hacking

C. Software that is designed to help users hack into other systems D. None of the above

4. What is social engineering?

A.Using psychological manipulation to trick users into revealing their passwords or other sensitive information

B.Using software to infiltrate a system and gather information without the user's knowledge

C.Using firewalls and other security measures to protect a system from hacking

D.None of the above

5.What are the consequences of computer hacking?

A. Financial losses

B. Breaches of personal privacy and security

C. Damage to reputation and loss of trust from customers or clients D. All of the above

6.Who is particularly vulnerable to hacking attacks?

A.Governments and businesses

B.Individuals who use computers for personal use only

C.Children who play games on the computer

D.None of the above

7.What steps can be taken to protect computer systems from hacking?

A. Using strong passwords

B. Regularly updating software

C. Implementing firewalls and other security measures D. All of the above

8.Why is it important to be cautious when opening emails or clicking on links from unknown sources?

A. They may contain malware

B. They may lead to unauthorized access to computer systems

C. They may trick users into revealing their passwords or other sensitive information D. All of the above

9.What is the main message of the text?

A.Computer hacking is a serious crime that can have significant consequences

B.Hacking is a harmless activity that should be encouraged

C.Governments and businesses are not vulnerable to hacking attacks

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D. None of the above

10. How can we prevent computer hacking?

A.By taking steps to protect our computer systems

B.By being vigilant against potential threats

C.By using strong passwords, regularly updating software, and implementing firewalls and other security measures

D.All of the above

4.Translate the sentences from English into Russian.

1.He was sentenced to prison for a serious crime.

2.Cyberbullying has become more prevalent in recent years.

3.Hacking into someone's bank account and gaining unauthorized access is illegal.

4.What was your intention when you took my phone without asking?

5.The computer was infected with malware after downloading a suspicious file.

6.The scammer tricked her into revealing personal information over the phone.

7.Drinking alcohol while driving can have serious consequences.

8.The store received complaints from customers about the quality of their products.

9.It's important to protect sensitive data, like social security numbers and credit card information.

10.Updating software on your computer can help prevent cyber attacks.

11.Be cautious when giving out personal information online.

12.Don't download apps or files from unknown sources that could infect your device with viruses.

13.Traveling to different countries can have significant impacts on your health.

14.Being vigilant while crossing the street can prevent accidents.

TEST

1.I won’t ______ to class tomorrow.

A) come B) came C) comes D) coming

2.She is going ______ shopping tomorrow. A) go B) will go C) to go D) goes

3.I ______ home when it started to rain.

A) was walking B) have walked C) walk D) will walk 4. He has ______ English for three years.

A) learns B) learn C) been learning D) learning

5.They ______ working here for six months. A) been B) have been C) would D) will

6.How long ______ her?

A) do you know B) you know C) you knew D) have you known 7. Who ______ first this morning?

A) get up B) gets up C) got up D) getting up

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8. ______ Peggy happy?

A) Is B) Do C) Does D) Can

9.John was singing while he ______ a bath. A) is taking B) was taking C) takes D) take

10.When Peter talks, everybody ______.

A) are listening B) listened C) listen D) listens 11. Policemen often ______ traffic.

A) directing B) is directing C) directs D) direct

12.Buses ______ every ten minutes. A) runs B) is going C) run D) has gone

13.Good children always ______ their parents. A) obey B) obeys C) obeying D) has obeyed

14.He usually ______ coffee but today he ______ tea.

A) drank / is drinking B) drunk / drinks C) drinks / is drinking D) drinks / was drinking

15.I always buy lottery tickets but I never ______ anything. A) don’t win B) had won C) won D) win

16.The police ______ the thief yet.

A) haven’t caught B) didn’t catch C) hasn’t caught D) don’t catch 17. I ______ him for five years. I don’t know where he is.

A) didn’t see B) haven’t seen C) don’t see D) not to see

18.He ______ his leg in a skiing accident last winter. A) has broken B) broke C) breaks D) was broken

19.Have you seen my ball-point pen anywhere? I _____ for it for ten minutes.

A) looked B) was looking C) am looking D) have been looking

20.I ______ to the dentist tomorrow.

A) went B) have gone C) am going D) going

21.She ______ an operation next Tuesday. A) had B) have C) is having D) has had

22.The Prime Minister ______ on TV tonight. A) is speaking B) spoken C) had spoken D) speak

23.He is ______ the car.

A) has washed B) will wash C) washed D) going to wash 24. I ______ this day all my life.

A) am remembering B) will remember C) remembered D) have remember 25. I hope I ______ it.

A) found B) will find C) am finding D) finding 26. ______ me with my suitcase, please?

A) Did you help B) Are you going to help C) Are you helping D) Will you help

27.This time tomorrow I ______ on a beach in Antalya. A) lie B) am lying C) will be lying D) have been lain

28.We ______ play basketball without a ball.

A) can’t B) needn’t C) could D) doesn’t

29. Does he ______ go to school at eight?

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A) must B) should C) has to D) have to

30.Tom gets up early, but Sarah ______.

A) didn’t B) isn’t C) does D) doesn’t

31.My father ______ an apple now. He ______ an apple every day. A) eating / eats B) eats / is eating C) ate / is eating D) is eating / eats

32.John ______ the guitar, but he ______ it now.

A) is playing / doesn’t play B) plays / doesn’t play C) plays / wasn’t playing D) plays / isn’t playing

33. Teresa ______ to the theatre, but Jack doesn’t.

A) want to go B) wants to go C) can go D) wanted to go 34. Mike likes to play tennis. So ______.

A) is Fred B) does Fred C) Fred does D) can Fred

35.Two wrongs ______ make a right.

A) doesn’t B) haven’t C) isn’t D) don’t

36.Please go away, I ______ to finish my I work. A) try B) am trying C) was trying D) have tried

37.He always ______ while he ______ a bath.

A) sang / is having B) sing / has C) sings / is having D) is singing / has

38.I ______ like the film on TV last night.

A) didn’t B) don’t C) am not D) haven’t

39.He likes cowboy films, but I ______.

A) don’t B) didn’t C) am not D) haven’t

40.She likes science fiction films, and so ______. A) am I B) do I C) I do D) I have

41.How many brothers ______ you got? A) do B) has C) have D) did

42.I don’t think he ______ pass.

A) won’t B) doesn’t C) would D) will

43.Does she ______ some ice?

A) wanted B) want C) wants D) to want 44.Who ______ play tennis with me?

A) wants B) want to C) wants to D) to want 45.I don’t ______ study, but I have to.

A) want to B) want C) to want D) wanted

46.The weather ______ sunny yesterday morning. A) is B) was C) are D) did

47.We usually ______ table tennis every Saturday. A) to play B) plays C) will play D) play

48.Drive carefully. It ______ heavily this morning. A) snows B) snowing C) snow D) is snowing 49.You are hungry. Why ______ you eating?

A) aren’t B) don’t C) won’t D) didn’t

50.Sally ______ her hair when the doorbell rang.

A) will be washing B) washed C) has washed D) was washing

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Essay topics:

1.My understanding of computer hacking and how it affects me.

2.How I protect myself from online threats.

3.The importance of internet safety for kids like me.

4.A time when I helped someone stay safe online.

5.My favourite cyber security tip.

6.Hacking is a serious crime that should be punished harshly. What do you think?

7.Some people believe that hacking can be used for good purposes. Do you agree?

8.Cybersecurity is everyone's responsibility. What do you think?

9.Hacking is becoming more common these days. Do you think we are doing enough to prevent it?

10.Hacking can cause a lot of damage to individuals and companies. What can we do to protect ourselves?

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Unit 7

GRAMMAR PRACTICE

Infinitive

1.Finish the sentences.

1.I want …2. He needs…3. Why do you go to parties? 4. I hope…5. They need…6. I would like…7. It’s fun…8. I forgot…9. He forgot…10. I want …11. They decided

…12. He promised…13. They would like…14. Why do you drink so much? 15. I would like…16. It’s not easy…17. I want…18. He hopes…19. You need…20. They forgot…21. Why do you study English?22. It’s easy…23. We promised…24. Why did you go to the party? 25. I need…26. We decided…27. They hope…28. It’s not fun…

2.Translate the sentences from English into Russian.

1.То cause heat to flow from a lower to a higher temperature it is necessary to perform some external work.

2.To explain this law of mechanics one should know the theory well.

3.We are to analyze the influence of the magnetic effect on motor operation carefully.

4.The use of mercury in thermometers appears to have been first mentioned in the middle of the XVIIth century.

5.Artificial magnets may be made by placing a piece of iron or steel to be magnetized into a coil, along which electricity is to be passed.

6.The charge in the nucleus was found to be proportional to the atomic weight of each element.

7.To know the melting point of the metal to be experimented with is necessary.

8.For the atom to be electrically neutral, the number of protons must be equal to that of electrons.

9.Another type of thermometer should be used to make the comparison of temperatures more accurate.

10.The problem to be solved is of great importance to our industry.

3.Match the sentence parts.

4.Circle the correct answers.

1. Did that sad movie we watched (cause / make) you cry? 2. Are you sure I can’t (convince / make) you to come with us? 3. Evan’s friends (made / persuaded) him to

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jump into the pool. 4. Sometimes late at night, my father (gets / lets) me drive the car. 5. My teacher is going to (get / have) me take a special math class next month. 6. Evelyn and Cassie are always (letting / asking) us to go shopping with them. 7. My violin teacher

(made / convinced) me to practice for two hours every night. 8. Even though Rob doesn’t like it, his father always (forces / has) him to go to music lessons after school.

5. Underline the mistakes. Write the corrections on the lines. If there are no mistakes, write OK.

1.Tomorrow, we will get his friend help us pack the boxes. to help

2.Every day, David tells me to eat the same thing for lunch.

3.Yesterday, Robert and James let Jenny to beat them in the race.

4.Bad weather caused the airline to cancel many of their flights.

5.Mrs. Lee asked me collect her mail while she was away on a trip. 6. Today, Alex’s father had him to go to the hair stylist with his sister.

6.Put the words in the correct order to make sentences.

1.dollars / lunch. / to buy / It / four / costs It costs four dollars to buy lunch.

2.become / my / is / a sports reporter / dream. / To

3.easy / It’s / a café / this neighborhood. / to find / in

4.irresponsible / It / Laura / the meeting. / to miss / of / was

5.to see / you / again. / for me / would be / It / sad /not6. eighty years / the championship. / to win / took / the team / It

7.Make sentences using it, for, of, and the given words.

1.rude – teenagers

2.necessary – adults

3.unfortunate – a child

4.important – president

8.Rewrite the sentences so that they begin with infinitive phrases.

1.It costs about eight dollars to see a movie. To see a movie costs about eight dollars.

2.It is a big responsibility for a child to have a pet.

3.It takes a while to get to school in the morning. 4. It is strange for our boss to take us out for dinner.

5.It is not shameful to make a mistake once in a while.

6.It is quite surprising for Jessica to be late for an appointment.

9. Complete the sentences with your own information. Begin each sentence with

It.

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1.It is wonderful to hear my friend sing.

2.________ not to do your homework.

3.______ one dollar to take the bus.

4._______ of people to use their phones during a movie.

5.________ not to stand up for what you believe.

6._______ for me to help do chores around the house.

10. Complete the sentences with your own ideas.

1. It takes around __________. 2. It is important for ________. 3. It is also important for _______. 4. It’s easy _________

11. Unscramble the sentences.

1.off / forgot / to / Peter / oven. / the / turn Peter forgot to turn off the oven.

2.seems / with / to be / This store / popular / teenagers.

3.embarrassed / are going / the play. / We / to be / to act / in

4.to travel / the world. / around / Jenny’s / planning / sister / is

5.information / allows / to get / The Internet / us / anywhere. / from

6.to give me / my teacher / less / My mother / persuaded / homework.

12. Combine the sentence pairs using infinitives.

1.She was very nervous. She flew for the first time. She was very nervous to fly for the first time.

2.I think Anya is lucky. She does not have any brothers.

3.After the airplane landed, I was so excited. I saw my grandparents.

4.I expect to have a good job when I grow up. I am going to be a doctor.

5.The president promised something. He will listen to the citizens’ problems.

6.After not eating all day, my brother will need food. He will eat a big dinner.

13. Choose the best answers.

1.She really _______ to like her new boyfriend. a. prefers b. appears c. agrees d. decides

2.Hollywood actors are always eager _______ for the camera. a. to fly b. to sneeze c. to smile d. to sleep

3.It was fun watching the baby horse _______ to walk for the first time. a. attempt b. promise c. agree d. remind

4.We are _______ to announce that our school has won a national award. a. sorry b. shocked c. proud d. careful

5.“I am sorry, I can’t _______ to ignore it any longer. You have food on your face.” a. wish b. deserve c. learn d. pretend

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6. My father always reminds me that he _______ me to lose when we play basketball against each other.

a. expects b. plans c. determines d. agrees

14. Complete the sentences with your own information.

1. Every day, I am happy ________. 2. Every day, I am amazed _________. 3. Every day, my parents require me ________. 4. After I come home from school, I want

________.

15. Match the sentence parts.

16. Complete the sentences with too much, too many, or enough.

1. There are too many cars on the road to drive home quickly. 2. My parents sent me

_______ chocolate to eat all by myself. 3. Luckily, Gary had just _______ money to catch the subway home. 4. Is it warm ________ to sleep in your room, or should I turn on the heater? 5. Jenny feels that there is ________ pressure on her to perform well in school. 6. The actress who won the award said she had __0__________ people to thank in a one-minute speech. 7. During the busiest times in the supermarket, there are

_____________ customers for one cashier to handle. 8. Emily doesn’t have

_____________ time to go to all her after-school classes and finish her homework.

17.Combine the sentence pairs using in order + to-infinitive. Do not change the order of the sentences.

1.You must be creative. You want to write novels. You must be creative in order to write novels.

2.I often go to this website. I download movies and TV shows. 3. Alex wants to buy his girlfriend a bracelet. Alex will need to get a job. 4. You want to see all of Paris. You must climb to the top of the Eiffel Tower. 5. After doing poorly on my exam, I must have a good interview. I want to get into a good college. 6. Paolo kept his sister from telling their parents that he broke the vase. Paolo cleaned her room for a month.

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18. Unscramble the sentences.

1.successful. / It / hard work / to / takes / become It takes hard work to become successful.

2.let / bike. / use / him / my / I / never agreed / to

3.mother / buy / shoes / to / My / promised / for me.

4.finish / homework. / sister / I / help / her / will / my

5.cruel / to leave / is / of him / It / his dog / all day. / alone

6.the author / It / finish / book. / to / his / for / three years / took

19. Using infinitives, write complete sentences with the given words and tenses.

1.(present) I – too tired

2.(past) We – invite – our friends

3.(future) He – not have – enough – cake

4.(past) In order – catch – friend – he – run

20. Rewrite the sentences in the passive voice.

1.Someone made Steve give up eating junk food.

2.Someone helped Vera cheat on the exam.

3.The nurse will ask you to roll up your sleeve.

4.Someone encouraged Rosa to try writing poetry.

21. Circle two mistakes in each sentence. Then rewrite the sentences correctly.

1. I’m study French order to go to Paris. 2. Mark wanted her help he with his homework. 3. She doesn’t get a high enough score pass the test. 4. Yesterday, Peter asks his friend go with him to the doctor’s office.

READING

1. Match the definitions with the words.

d.to convert information into a code 4. to make sure that can only be read by authorized

people

e.to make certain that something will 5. malware happen or be the case

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