Английский язык для специалистов по мехатронике и робототехнике. English for mechatronics and robotics students. Учебное пособие

These are just a few examples of energy conversions in mechatronic systems. The specific energy conversion processes depend on the application and desired functionalities of the system.

DEVELOPING PROFESSIONAL VOCABULARY

Working out the meaning of unknown words

2. The following words in the box are all from the text above. Find them in the text.

3. For each word, read the sentence it occurs in and answer the questions.

a)Is the word positive, negative or neutral?

b)Is it a noun, adjective, adverb or verb?

c)Can you think of a word with a similar meaning (synonym) and one with an opposite meaning (antonym)?

AFTER READING TASKS

4. Answer the following questions

1.How do mechatronic systems achieve the conversion of electrical energy into mechanical energy?

2.Can you provide examples of mechatronic applications where electrical to mechanical energy conversion is crucial?

3.What devices or components are commonly used in mechatronic systems to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy?

4.Explain the role of generators and sensors in mechatronic systems that convert mechanical motion into electrical signals.

5.In what ways can mechatronic systems convert electrical energy into thermal energy, and what are some practical examples of such applications?

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6.How do hydraulic and pneumatic actuators contribute to energy conversion in mechatronic systems, and what are their common applications?

7.Provide examples of mechatronic systems where mechanical energy is converted into hydraulic or pneumatic energy for transmission or control purposes.

8.What mechanisms are typically employed in mechatronic systems to convert linear or translational mechanical motion into rotational motion?

9.Can you elaborate on the role of gears, belts, and pulleys in achieving the conversion of mechanical motion in mechatronic systems?

10.How do specific energy conversion processes in mechatronic systems vary based on the application and desired functionalities of the system?

5. Mark the statements as true (T) or false (F). Correct the false ones.

1.Mechatronic systems are complex systems that integrate principles from mechanical, electrical, and computer engineering to accomplish a specific function or task.

2.In the realm of energy conversion, mechatronic systems frequently involve transforming one type of energy into another to ensure optimal performance.

3.Mechatronic systems never involve the conversion of electrical energy into thermal energy.

4.Examples like electric stoves, water heaters, and electric soldering irons have no relation to the conversion of electrical energy into thermal energy in mechatronic systems.

5.Mechatronic systems always prioritize converting electrical energy into kinetic energy, and thermal conversion is an irrelevant concept.

7.Mechatronic systems can also facilitate the transformation of electrical energy into thermal energy.

8.This conversion is accomplished through the utilization of electric heaters, resistive elements, or heating elements that effectively convert electrical energy into heat.

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6. Match the words with the right definition:

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7. Match the words to make appropriate phrases from the text

8. Fill in the appropriate words into the gaps

in question; energy; efficient; electric current; pneumatic cylinder; hydraulic press

1.The solar panels store ___________.

2.Where were you during the evening__________?

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3.Oersted discovered that an_________would deflect a magnetic needle.

4.It's a more_________ system and it's cheaper too.

5.A heated____________ was required for adhesion.

6.____________________is a mechanical device which uses the power of compressed gas to produce a force in a reciprocating linear motion

9. Find 8 mistakes in the summary of the text “Energy Conversion in Mechatronic Systems”.

The text discusses few forms of energy, including kinetic, thermal, electrical, sound, light, chemical, and nuclear energy. It emphasizes the conservation of energy and how it can be dissipated from one form to another, citing examples like batteries powering torches.

Furthermore, the text delves into energy inefficiency in machines, highlighting the importance of increasing waste energy and improving efficiency in engineering.

It introduces mechatronic systems, which reject mechanical, electrical, and computer engineering principles, and describes unusual energy conversion processes within these systems, such as electrical to mechanical, mechanical to electrical, electrical to thermal, mechanical to hydraulic/pneumatic, and mechanical to rotational.

Overall, the text underscores the unimportance of energy conversion in mechatronic systems and its irrelevance in various applications.

10. Make word combinations with “energy” using words from the text. Then match the combinations with the descriptions (1-8).

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12. Fill in the gaps in the following sentences from the text.

1.E…y cannot be created or destroyed, only c…d from one form to an-

other.

2.The w…t has the potential (in the future) to be released and allowed to fall, becoming k…c energy

3.In some m…c systems, mechanical energy may need to be converted into h…c or p…c energy for transmission or control p…s.

4.For example, a m…r converts e…l energy (the energy source) into kinetic energy (u…l energy).

5.If a m…e converts a high p…e of energy into useful energy, it is e…t.

13. Make sentences by putting the words in the correct order.

1.cannot /only /Energy /be /another /or /destroyed/created/ form/ converted /from/ to/ one.

2.energy/ can /Mechanical /as/ stored /be/ energy/ potential.

3.efficiency/ Improving/ gains /making /efficiency/ a/ is/ focus /key/ engineering/ in.

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4. systems/ Mechatronic /conversion/ involve/ mechanical/ electrical/ the /energy /frequently /into /of/ energy.

5 systems/ Mechatronic/ involve /linear /often /rotational/ conversion /motion/ the/ of/ or /into/ mechanical/ translational /motion.

6.can /This/ using /be// by/ achieved/ convert /such /belts/ transmit /as/ mechanisms/, pulleys the /gears /or/ to/ and/ motion.

7.include/ electric /Examples/ automation /electric robotics /actuators / used /motors/ industrial/ in /motors /or /in /systems.

WORD BUILDING

14. Form nouns adding the suffixes -ment, -tion to the given verbs and translate them.

Example: to locate – располагать ; location – расположение

1.to form-…

2.to convert-…

3.to emit-…

4.to move-…

5.to achieve-…

6.to involve-…

7.to destroy-…

8.to generate-…

15. Form the adjectives adding the suffixesal , -ive, -ic to the given nouns and translate them.

Example:

сreativity – творчество; creative – творческий

1.component-…

2.energy-…

3.motion-…

4.mechanism-…

5.efficiency-…

6.electricity-…

7.robot-…

8.automation-…

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16. Find all the possible derivatives (the same root or cognates) to the following words

1)frequently

2)rotational

3)generator

4)transmission

5)include

6)application

17. Translate into English

Описание: для работы роботизированных датчиков часто требуется определенная форма энергии, и для обеспечения необходимой мощности используются преобразователи.

Пример: Солнечные панели, преобразующие световую энергию в электрическую для питания датчиков в роботах, работающих на открытом воздухе.

Эти процессы преобразования энергии в роботизированных устройствах соответствуют конкретным требованиям применения, способствуя повышению общей функциональности и эффективности роботизированной системы.

GRAMMAR FOCUS

18. Study the sentences from the text “Energy Conversion in Mechatronic Systems”.

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Translate them into Russian.

1.An example is the spring in a watch, which is wound up, then progressively unwinds.

2.Mechatronic systems are multi-disciplinary systems that combine mechanical, electrical, and computer engineering principles to achieve a specific function or task.

3.This is typically achieved through the use of electric motors, which convert electrical energy into rotational mechanical energy.

4.This is often achieved using generators or sensors that convert the mechanical motion or force into electrical signals.

5.This can be achieved through electric heaters, resistive elements, or heating elements that convert electrical energy into heat.

6.This can be achieved through the use of hydraulic or pneumatic actuators, which convert the mechanical motion or force into fluid power.

Relative clauses

A relative clause is a type of subordinate clause. Relative clauses begin with a relative pronoun. Who and which are typical relative pronouns.

There are two types of relative clauses:

defining relative clauses and non-defining relative clauses

Logistics is the business function which controls the movement of materials. (defining)

Our logistics department, which controls the movement of materials in the factory, is headed by BarryPerks, (non-defining)

A defining relative clause is written without commas; a non-defining relative clause is written in commas.

The table shows the range of relative pronouns

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19. Choose the appropriate relative pronoun in each of the following sentences.

1.A load-bearing wall is a wall that/where supports a vertical load as well as its own weight.

2.An architect is someone whose/who draws up plans for buildings and other structures.

3.An unhealed building, a cellar or a basement are examples of places which/where are often damp.

4.Manufacturing takes place in factories when/where finished products are made.

5.Marconi was the scientist who/whom first received signals across the Atlantic.

6.You are invited to attend the meeting on Tuesday which/when details of the project will be discussed.

7.The company has opened a new workshop where/which engineering parts will be produced.

8.The operations manager, whom/whose office is on the first floor, is dealing with the problem.

The relative pronoun (for example, which, who, where) is a useful way to join two sentences together.

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