Английская грамматика для студентов факультета бизнеса. Предпороговый уровень. English grammar for pre-intermediate business students. Учебное пособие

6.These running shoes are nice. Let’s buy ____.

7.The cat is hungry. Please, feed ____.

8.She must have the information. Ask ____ about it.

9.He is a very good coach. Please, listen to ____.

10.We have a party tomorrow. Come to see ____.

11.We’d like to know about your plans. Tell ____ about ____.

12.They blamed us for the broken vase, but in truth the cat had broken ________.

Ex. 2. Choose and write the correct pronouns.

Example: You can ride with Jennifer and _me_. (I, me)

1.Did you see Mark? (He, him) ____ was waiting in your office to talk to you.

2.I saw Rob a few minutes ago. I passed Sara and ____ (he, him) on the steps of the classroom building.

3.Nick used to work in his father’s store, but his father and ____ (he, him) had a serious disagreement.

4.When the doctor came into the room, I asked ____ (she, her) a question.

5.The doctor was very helpful. ____ (She, Her) answered all of my question.

6.Prof. Molina left a message for you and ____ (I, me).

7.Emily is a good basketball player. I watch Betsy and ____ (she, her) carefully during games.

8.One time my little sister and ___ (I, me) were home alone.

9.Take these secret documents and destroy ____ (it, them).

10.Ron invited Mary and ____ (I, me) to have dinner with _______

(he, him).

11.Maureen likes movies. Ron and ____ (she, her) go to the movies every chance they get.

12.Tom and ____ (I, me) both want to marry Ann. She has to choose between ____ (he and I, him and me).

Ex. 3. Complete the sentences using personal pronouns.

Example: “Is Joe doing his homework?” – “Yes, he is. He is in the garden. It is a beautiful day and he is doing it there.”

1.“Are ____ a student?” – “Yes, ____ am. ____ study Japanese at university and ____ love ____.”

2.Sit in that armchair . ____ is very comfortable.

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3.That’s my book! Give ____ to ____!

4.“Sally wants to telephone Paul. Can you give ____ his number?” – “Sorry, ____ haven’t got ____ .”

5.Mr and Mrs Jones like jazz. ____ listen to ____ every evening.

6.I can’t see Sue. Can you see ____?

7.“David, do ____ like dogs?” – “Yes, ____ like ____ very much, but my sister is afraid of big dogs. ____ refuses to go near ____.”

8.The chairs are all in the sitting room. Can you move ____ into the kitchen?

9.Susan is wearing some new earrings. ____ look good on ____.

10.Table tennis began in England in the late 1800s. Today ____ is an international sport.

11.Don’t look directly at the sun. Don’t look at ____ directly even if you are wearing sunglasses.

12.Do bees sleep at night? Or do ____ work in the hive all night long?

Ex. 4. Fill in the correct personal pronouns. Act out a similar dialogue.

Ben: Have you seen Martin today?

Sue: Yes. ... saw him this morning. ... was coming out of the travel agent’s.

Ben: Did ... ask ... where ... was going?

Sue: Yes. He said ... was going to Italy with Mary for two weeks. ... was at the travel agent’s as well. ... both looked very excited and happy.

Ben: Shall ... go on holiday together somewhere this year?

Sue: Mary told ... that ... had a great time in Italy last year. Shall ...

ask ... how much ... cost?

ПРИТЯЖАТЕЛЬНЫЕ МЕСТОИМЕНИЯ

(Possessive pronouns)

Притяжательные местоимения имеют две формы: основную и абсолютную. Основная форма употребляется в тех случаях, когда за притяжательным местоимением стоит существительное:

This is my book and that is your book. – Это моя книга, а то твоя книга.

Абсолютная форма употребляется в тех случаях, когда за притяжательным местоимением не стоит существительное:

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This is my book and that is yours. It is not mine. – Это моя книга,

а то твоя. Она не моя.

Склонение притяжательных местоимений

EXERCISES

Ex. 1. Complete the sentences using possessive pronouns. my your his her our their its

1.This is my brother’s swing. This is ____ swing.

2.My sisters and I share a room. This is ____ room.

3.That’s my grandma’s house. That’s ____ house.

4.Mr. and Mrs. Lewis live next to me. They are ____ neighbors.

5.The dog has a ball. This is ____ ball.

6.You have a nice garden. ____ garden is nice.

7.Those boys like music. Listen, ____ music is loud!

8.This is my sister. Is that boy ____ brother?

9.I enjoy reading ____ magazines.

Ex. 2. Complete the sentences by filling in the gaps.

1.He washes his hands. I wash ____ hands. They wash ____ hands. We wash ____ hands. You wash ____ hands.

2.She is angry with her friend. I am angry with ____ friend. He is angry with ____ friend. They are angry with ____ friend. We are angry with ____

friend.

3.I sit at my desk. We sit at ____ desk. She sits at ____ desk. You sit at _____ desk. They sit at ____ desk.

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4. We perform our exercises. You perform ____ exercises. I perform

____ exercises. She performs ____ exercises. They perform ____ exercises.

Ex. 3. Read and underline the appropriate word.

Example: “Is this your/yours book?” – “No, my/mine is in my/ mine bag.”

1.Those are their/theirs exercise books. Where are our/ours?

2.That’s not my/mine bag. My/Mine is black.

3.I want to ring them but I don’t know their/theirs phone number.

4.Our/ours room is bigger than her/hers but her/hers room has more light than our/ours.

5.“Is this theirs/their house?” – “No, their/theirs house is white.”

6.“Whose dog is this?” – “It’s Jack/Jack’s.”

7.Look at her/hers hair! Why isn’t your/yours blue too?

8.“Are these your/yours books?” – “No, these are her/hers.”

9.Meet my/mine wife, Sue.

10.Is this car Jenny’s? No, it isn’t hers/her.

11.She’s got two brothers. Theirs/Their names are Gary and Robert.

12.We live in Italy. Ours/Our house is in Rome.

Ex. 4. Complete the sentences with appropriate personal and possessive pronouns.

Example: Those are our books. Give them to us.

1.They live in Cardiff. ____ house hasn’t got a big garden.

2.The cat is sleeping on ____ cushion in front of the fire.

3.Mrs. Donaldson has got two children. ____ names are Bill and Janet.

4.Bill and ____ sister go to the same school. If the weather is fine they go on ____ bikes but if it is raining ____ mother takes ____.

5.George! Take ____ books off the table. Put ____ in ____ school bag.

6.Tom wants to marry ____ girlfriend. He loves ____ but she doesn’t love ____.

7.Walter is a businessman. ____ office is in the town centre.

8.Jim can’t find ____ shoes. He always leaves ____ under the bed and ____ mother puts ____ away in the cupboard.

9.Helen and I are going to the cinema with same of ____ friends.

10.Why are you using ____ pen? I need ____ myself.

11.Mark and Joe, ____ room is a mess! Clean ____ up immediately!

12.We’re lost. We’ve got a map but we don’t understand ____.

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Ex. 5. Complete the sentences with appropriate possessive pronouns.

1.Tell him not to forget ____ ticket, she mustn’t forget ____ either.

2.Whose books are those? Are they ____ or ____?

3.I see that he has lost ____ pen, perhaps you can lend him ____.

4.Lend them ____ dictionary, they have left ____ at home.

5.My bag is heavier than ____.

6.We have taken ____ dictionaries, has she taken ____?

7.Those seats are not ____, they are ____.

8.Why don’t you use ____ pen?

9.____ daughter enjoys studying but ____ son doesn’t like it at all.

10.He prefers going out with ____ friends.

Ex. 6. Replace Russian pronouns by their English equivalents.

Example: Bring (ему) (его) racket. – Bring him his racket.

1.Give (им) (их) books.

2.Show (ей) (ее) schedule.

3.Take (свое) coat and put (его) on.

4.Bring (нам) (нашу) clothes.

5.Put (свои) tests on (мой) desk.

6.Show (мне) (мою) room, please.

7.Can you help (мне) translate (мой) text.

8.Tell (нам) (ваши) news, please.

9.We like to visit (наши) places of interest with (ними).

10.(Его) car and (ее) car are in the street.

Ex. 7. Fill in the correct possessive adjectives, pronouns or personal pronouns. Act out a similar dialogue.

Ralph: Have you seen ... keys, Amy? I can’t find them.

Amy: Well, ... are on the kitchen table. I haven’t seen ... anywhere. Perhaps they are in ... coat pocket.

Ralph: No. I’ve looked. ... may have left ... at ... mother’s house.

Amy: I remember seeing some keys on the table but I thought they were

... mother’s. I’ll go over there and have a look for ... . Can you get dinner for yourself and Bill? And make sure he does ... homework before he eats.

Ralph: I’m supposed to be meeting Mark and Barry at 8 o’clock.

Amy: Well, if you’re a bit late, ... will wait for ... . Don’t worry, ... won’t be long. Bye!

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УКАЗАТЕЛЬНЫЕ МЕСТОИМЕНИЯ

(Demonstrative pronouns)

Чтобы сказать, что одно лицо или один предмет находится рядом, близко, используется указательное местоимение this. Если лицо или предмет находится далеко, то используется местоимение that.

This car is too expensive. – Этот автомобиль слишком дорогой. That man is our teacher. – Тот человек – наш учитель.

Чтобы сказать, что несколько лиц или предметов находятся рядом, близко, используется указательное местоимение these. Если лица или предметы находятся далеко, то используется местоимение those.

These books are old. – Эти книги старые.

She was one of those women who are always in a hurry. – Она была одной из тех женщин, которые всегда спешат.

EXERCISES

Ex. 1. Transform the sentences so as to use nouns in Plural form. Pay attention to the changes of the predicate in Plural. Use the necessary demonstrative pronouns.

Example: This child is good. – These children are good.

1.This black jacket is expensive.

2.This house isn’t big.

3.Where is that folder?

4.That man is strange.

5.Is this conference interesting?

6.That colleague is effective.

7.Is that my book?

8.This desk is dirty.

9.Is that her phone?

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10.Is this movie good?

11.That man is British.

12.Is this person friendly?

Ex. 2. Transform the sentences using nouns in the Plural form.

Example: Look at that woman! – Look at those women!

1.Call this man!

2.This athlete is a swimmer.

3.Give me that book!

4.Buy this product!

5.Show me that picture!

6.Ask him this question!

7.Open this window!

8.Close that door!

9.Give me this laptop.

10.Don’t miss this chance!

Ex. 3. Produce questions from the given words using demonstrative pronouns this and these. Give short answers.

Example: car new? – yes

Is this car new? Yes, it is. books interesting? – no

Are these books interesting? No, they aren’t.

1)trainers new? – yes

2)your sweets? – yes

3)T-shirt clean? – yes

4)pens coloured? – no

5)your hamburger? – no

6)your keys? – yes

7)computer-game interesting? – no

8)sandwiches good? – yes

9)your scooter fast? – no

10)your comics? – yes

Ex. 4. Produce questions from the given words using demonstrative pronouns that and those. Give short answers.

Example: guitar new? – yes

Is that guitar new? Yes, it is.

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films interesting? – no

Are those films interesting? No, they aren’t.

1)your shoes? – no

2)bike new? – yes

3)jeans clean? – no

4)your cat? – no

5)clothes old? – no

6)your English homework? – yes

7)film long? – no

8)your gloves? – no

9)exercise difficult? – no

10)your scarf? – yes

Ex. 5. Choose the correct variant.

1.There’s a wonderful view from (this/that) room. Just come to the window.

2.“What kind of planes are (these/those)?” – “I don’t know. They’re too far away to see properly.”

3.Jess is on a diet. (That/This) is why she doesn’t want to eat out with us.

4.Do you remember (that/this) autumn we all went to France?

5.I’m working as a tourist guide (this/that) summer. I’m pretty busy (these/those) days.

6.Is (that/this) seat free?

7.“(That/This) jacket is beautiful.” – “But the jacket in the other shop is nice too.”

8.(That/This) man over there is French.

9.(That/This) chocolate cake here is delicious.

10.Look here! (That/This) is my English book.

SOME, ANY, NO

Some – это определитель, который обозначает некоторое количество. Some используется, когда количество не обязательно точно указывать. Some может употребляться с исчисляемыми и неисчисляемыми существительными. С исчисляемыми существительными some можно перевести как 'несколько', 'немного', а с неисчисляемыми только 'немного'. Но во многих случаях some не переводится, просто упуска-

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ется. Этот определитель используется преимущественно в утвердительных предложениях.

Принцип употребления some чем-то похож на использование неопределенного артикля a, только, в отличие от неопределенного артикля, some сочетается с существительными во множественном числе и неисчисляемыми существительными:

I want an apple. – Я хочу яблоко. (одно, какое-нибудь)

I need some apples. – Мне нужно несколько яблок. (не указывается, сколько именно)

There is some water in the bucket. – В ведре есть вода. (немного воды, некоторое количество воды)

Если подразумевается какое-то неопределенное (но небольшое) количество, то в предложении нужно использовать some. Eсли говорят в общем, а не о некотором количестве, то some не используют:

I bought some bananas and some oranges for Ann. – Я купил (немно-

го) бананов и (несколько) апельсинов для Анны.

I like bananas and Ann likes oranges. – Я люблю бананы, а Анна лю-

бит апельсины. (в общем)

Some, как и остальные определители, о которых мы поговорим в этой статье, часто можно встретить в комбинации с оборотом there is / there are:

There is some money on my account. – На моем счете есть немного денег.

There are some people in the room . – В комнате несколько человек.

Any – определитель, который подразумевает некое количество, используется с исчисляемыми и неисчисляемыми существительными, когда конкретное количество неважно или его необязательно указывать. Any используется в вопросительных предложениях (сколько-

нибудь; какое-нибудь количество; какой-нибудь), но на русский язык, как правило, не переводится. А также any встречается в отрицательных предложениях (нисколько, ни один, никакой), где может переводиться на русский:

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