Food processing equipment. Оборудование для пищевой промышленности. Учебное пособие

Translate from English into Russian, paying attention to the Infinitive.

1.To solve this complicated problem is an actual task in our investigation.

2.He expected to discover more accurate figures in the course of the experiment.

3.He was one of the first scientists to appreciate the importance of complex numbers.

4.It is a peculiar thing to do.

5.He was able to create an ingenious method.

6.To complete the survey, you have to collect more data.

7.You might prefer to experiment with these substances.

8.This approach gives you great power to reveal hidden relations between these methods.

9.Nowadays scientists tend to take these benefits for granted.

10.It is hard to believe that they achieved such great progress.

Translate from Russian into English, using different forms of the Infinitive.

1.Это позволяет нам производить оборудование нового поколения.

2.Он, должно быть, обдумывает результаты своей работы.

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3.Мы довольны тем, что получили подобные данные.

4.Было бы отлично выполнить проект до наступления крайнего срока.

5.Нам надо закончит множество экспериментов.

6.Установку следует демонтировать.

7.Ему надо попросит техника починить станок.

8.Руководитель заставил его повторить эксперимент.

9.Оказывается, они талантливые ученые.

10.Натрий и хлор соединяются, образуя хлорид натрия.

Combine each of the following pairs of sentences into one, using enough.

Follow the example given below.

She is clever. She can answer the question. – She is clever enough to answer the question.

1.The data were sufficient. We could conduct a survey.

2.The arguments are strong. He can prove his viewpoint.

3.The equipment is new. The mechanics can make the moulds.

4.The experiments are numerous. They can come to a definite conclu-

sion.

5.They are prepared. They can answer the opponents̒questions.

Translate the sentences, paying attention to the Complex Subject.

1.The plane was reported to have landed safely.

2.He is considered to be a good specialist.

3.He is said to be working on this report.

4.That project was declared to have taken the first place.

5.The conference was supposed to be making great progress.

Translate the sentences using the Passive Infinitive.

1.Мы хотим, чтобы предложение было принято.

2.Я бы хотел, чтобы эксперимент был проведен прямо сейчас.

3.Мы не хотим, чтобы станок демонтировали.

4.Руководитель хочет, чтобы проблема была решена немедленно.

5.Мы ожидаем, что факты будут доказаны.

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Heavy metals

Organic toxins

Foreign objects

In addition to these factors, food quality needs to be validated in terms of nutritional content and consistency, be assessed for the presence of allergens, verified with respect to adulteration and certification for GMO, and tested for shelf life.

There are a number of instruments used in food laboratories that can be applied to assure food quality which applies to solids as well as beverages. Some of the most common examples of these instruments and their use are described below.

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After-reading tasks

Answer the questions

1.Can we state that the aspect of food processing and food preparation is important? Why?

2.Why can food quality in a production setting be degraded?

3.What are the factors that contribute to the process of degrading ?

4.Does food quality need to be validated in terms of nutritional content and consistency?

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5.Do we assert food products for the presence of allergens?

6.Is it possible to verify food products with respect to adulteration and certification for GMO?

7.What can we measure with refractometers?

8.What is the name of the instruments that specifically measure the concentration of sugars present in a solution?

9.What can magnetic analyzers detect?

10.How do we call various instruments that can be used to measure the fat, protein, and oil concentrations in food samples?

Study the key professional terminology denoting processes. Make the glossary

Translate the following word combinations

1.to measure the carbon content, density, color, and pH, etc.

2.to measure the fat, protein, and oil concentrations in food samples

3.to detect the level of gluten in foods

4.to detect the presence of pesticides in food samples

5.to test the purity of products without physically destroying or altering samples

6.to establish the percentage of moisture in a food sample

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7.to analyze the gas emitted during evaporation to establish its content

8.to measure the angle at which the emitted light emerges

9.to measure the viscosity of a fluid and the behavior of fluids

10.to measure the concentration of sugars present in a solution

11.to detect and measure the concentration of a substance within a liquid through acid/base titration

12.to reveal the properties of the fluid

Translate from English into Russian

1.Food quality needs to be validated in terms of nutritional content and consistency.

2.Carbonated beverage analyzers can be used to measure the carbon content, density, color, and pH of carbonated beverages.

3.Polarimeters pass polarized light through a sample and measure the angle at which the emitted light emerges.

4.Cell and colony counters can be used to measure the colonies of microorganisms that have grown on an agar plate prepared from a sample.

5.Moisture analyzers are used to establish the percentage of moisture in a food sample, either by weighing the sample before and after an evaporation process.

6.Electron spin resonance spectrometers are used to test the purity of products without physically destroying or altering samples.

7.Food analysis equipment can be used to measure the fat, protein, and oil concentrations in food samples and detect the level of gluten in foods.

8.Viscometers can measure the viscosity of a fluid and the behavior of fluids when shear or stress forces are applied to it.

Translate from English into Russian Colony Counters

Biological procedures often rely on an accurate count of bacterial colonies and cells. Colony counters are used to estimate a liquid culture’s density of microorganisms by counting individual colonies on an agar plate, slide, mini gel, or Petri dish. Typical applications include Ames testing, bacterial mutation assays, and E. coli bacterial colonies. Instruments accommodate various sizes and formats, including units that can scan plates up to 300 × 300 mm, and are optimized for use with UV illumination, white light, fluorescent, and/or Green Fluorescent Protein colonies. The counting can

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be accomplished manually, often with touch pressure and a digital counter, or can be semior fully automatic. With automatic counters, improvements center on increasing precision and accuracy, such as the ability to detect smaller colonies in low-contrast media, illumination systems that increase visibility, direct image scanning and analysis capability, rapid multiplezone bioassay plate analysis, and IQ/OQ documentation.

Translate from Russian into English

Сахарная промышленность

Историческисложилось, чтосахарнаяпромышленностьявляетсяосновной отраслью, где используются поляриметры: благодаря этому за ними закрепилось ещё одно название – «сахариметры». Так, практически все мировые производители выпускают модели поляриметров, предназначенныеспециальнодлясахарного производства. Автоматический поляриметр – незаменимая вещь на сахарном заводе, его используют для измерения содержания сахарозы в сырье, далее во всех полупродуктах, в готовой продукции и, наконец, в отходах производства. Поляриметр-сахариметр позволяет измерить содержание сахарозы во всех сахаросодержащих продуктах от 0 до 100 % к массе продукта: это может быть сам сахар, меласса, свекловичный жом, барда и сточные воды. Стандарты международной комиссии ICUMSA предполагают использование длины пути (кюветы) 200 мм. и международную сахарную шкалу (МСШ). Этистандартытакжеописывают методытемпературной коррекции для сахарозы и многое другое. Для тёмных образцов применяются либо 100 мм. кюветы, либо источник света с большей длиной волны (как правило, 882 нм).

Speaking

Explain the functions of food quality measurement instruments.

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