Дидактические материалы для работы с учебным пособием С.В. Андриановой «English Thesaurus of Student-Physicist». Учебно-методическое пособие

Министерство науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации

Национальный исследовательский ядерный университет «МИФИ»

Е.Г. Иванова

Дидактические материалы для работы с учебным пособием С.В. Андриановой

«English Thesaurus of Student-Physicist»

Учебно-методическое пособие

Москва 2022

УДК 811.111 ББК 81.2 И 21

Иванова Е.Г. Дидактические материалы для работы с учебным пособием С.В. Андриановой «English Thesaurus of Student-Physicist»: Учебно-методическое пособие. [Электронный ресурс.] — М.: НИЯУ МИФИ, 2022. — 70 с.

Данное пособие представляет собой сборник упражнений, дополняющих пособие С.В. Андриановой «English Thesaurus of StudentPhysicist», и предназначено для работы со студентами, изучающими специальную профессиональную лексику в рамках курса английского языка.

Целью пособия является разнообразить предлагаемые студентам упражнения и облегчить усвоение специальной лексики и грамматических конструкций. Упражнения подобраны в соответствии с темами и основаны на видеоматериалах, находящихся в свободном доступе в сети Интернет.

Каждый раздел содержит ссылку на видеоматериал, вопросы для контроля понимания просмотренного, задания для развития навыков устной и письменной речи. Просмотр видеоматериалов позволяет дополнительно закрепить специальную профессиональную лексику, содержащуюся в пособии. Представленный в пособии ряд заданий подойдет как для аудиторной, так и для самостоятельной работы студентов. Некоторые упражнения можно использовать в качестве проектных заданий с различным сроком выполнения. Все задания содержат ответы, что значительно облегчает подготовку преподавателей к занятиям. Приведенные упражнения способствуют развитию профессиональных и общекультурных компетенций.

ISBN 978-5-7262-2887-7

© Национальный исследовательский ядерный университет «МИФИ», 2022

Unit 1

FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS

Exercise 1. Follow the link and watch the videos:

1.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZZYnERZe3Cg

2.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7omxmCDpW7U

Exercise 2. Answer the questions:

“Hunting for properties” (https://wtch?v=ww.youtube.com/waZZYnERZe3Cg)

1.What is a property of matter? (Properties are observable measurable characteristic, any characteristic that we can list about it, like how it looks, feels, or acts.)

2.Why should we measure objects? (to compare them)

3.What is length? (Length is just the distance of something from end to end.)

4.What is width? (Width is the distance of something from side to side.)

5.What is height? (Height is the distance of an object from its bottom to its top.)

6.What is weight? (Weight is another measurable property of matter. It just tells us how heavy an object is.)

“Measurement Mystery” (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7omxmCDpW7U)

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1.What do we call properties of matter? What are they? (They are things we can observe and measure. They are length, width, height and volume.)

2.How can things be measured? (in feet or pounds or gallons)

3.What do we use to measure mass? (a tool – a scale, the unit of mass is called a gram)

4.What is the unit of mass? (g)

5.What measuring systems do you know? (SI...)

6.Give a measure to any object of yours.

Exercise 3. Give examples of using fundamental qualities in every day’s life.

Exercise 4. Are the following statements true (T) or false (F)?

Foot is a SI unit. (F)

A unit of length is meter. (T)

The Cartesian coordinate system is commonly used. (T)

The three most fundamental quantities in mechanics are length, mass and time. (T)

The angle is considered positive when measured counterclockwise from the reference line. (T)

Exercise 5. Give your comments on the following statement, speak about advantages/disadvantages; your attitude; history of the invention; the way and prospects of using; being ecological-friendly etc.:

We don’t need a standard system for the fundamental qualities; every country should have their own units.

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Unit 2

MOTION IN ONE DIMENSION

Exercise 1. Follow the link and watch the video:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZM8ECpBuQYE

Exercise 2. Answer the questions:

1.What are essential conditions to describe your physical place in the universe? (time, position, velocity, acceleration)

2.What links them together? (Kinematic equation links them together.)

3.What is the example of one-dimensional movement? (driving a car)

4.What is the most useful way to show changing position? (a graph)

5.What is the difference between the scalar and vector quantity? (Scalar quantity is something that explains the amount, vector quantity deals with direction.)

6.What does displacement deal with? (Initial position, final position and straight line between them.)

7.What do we do to measure the distance? (follow the way a person took)

8.What is the difference between speed and velocity? (speed is a scalar quantity and velocity is a vector)

9.Do we use different characters for acceleration as vector and scalar quantities? (No.)

10.What does the negative direction mean? (We moved from the farthest object.)

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Exercise 3. Read the formula:

. (Acceleration is meter per second squared.)

Exercise 4. Are the following statements true (T) or false (F)?

Dynamics describes motion regardless to its causes. (T)

Displacement has only magnitude and no direction. (F)

Velocity is a vector quantity. (T)

Negative acceleration means that the object is slowing down. (F)

Aristotle replaced the geocentric model. (F)

Exercise 5. Give your comments on the following statement, speak about advantages/disadvantages; your attitude; history of the invention; the way and prospects of using; being ecological-friendly etc.:

Galilei shouldn’t have sacrificed his life for the sake of Science.

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Unit 3

VECTORS AND TWO-DIMENSIONAL MOTION

Exercise 1. Follow the link and watch the video:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w3BhzYI6zXU

Exercise 2. Answer the questions:

1.What is important in predicting movement? (where things are, where they are going and how quickly they are going to get there)

2.How many axes are involved when we speak about motion in one dimension? (1)

3.When do we turn to vectors? (When we need more than one direction.)

4.How was the ball's motion split in the video? (into two parts, horizontally and vertically separately)

5.What characteristics do vectors have? (magnitude and direction)

6.Can we add or multiply vectors the same way as ordinary numbers? (No.)

7.What is it like when we draw a vector? (the hypotenuse of a right angle triangle)

8.What does the vector’s magnitude tell us about? (the length of the hypotenuse)

9.What connects sides and angles? (trigonometry)

10.How can we describe a vector? (writing the lengths of two sides which are called its components)

11.What do we do if we want to add or subtract two vectors? (We separate them, each into their component parts, and add or subtract them separately.)

12.What do we call unit vectors? (i, j, k are called unit vectors because they’re vectors that are exactly one unit long, each pointing in the direction of a different axis.)

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13.Will changing a horizontal vector affect its vertical component? (No.)

14.How do we figure out how long it takes for the ball to hit the ground? (We just completely ignore the horizontal component and use the kinetic equations.)

15.How long did it take for the ball to reach its highest point? (At that final point, the ball’s vertical velocity had to be zero. So, in this case, we know that the ball’s starting vertical velocity was 2.5 m/s. We know that its vertical acceleration came from the force of gravity. And we’re looking for time, t. Fortunately, you know that there’s a kinematic equation that fits this scenario perfectly – the definition of acceleration. By plugging in these numbers, we find that it took the ball 0.255 seconds to hit that maximum height.)

Exercise 3. Give examples of any objects moving in two dimensions. (Projectile motion, any kind of object tossed in the air.)

Exercise 4. Are the following statements true (T) or false (F)?

Vectors have two characteristics: magnitude and direction.

(T)

Displacement is not a vector quantity. (F)

When you add vectors they must have the same units. (T)

In projectile motion the horizontal and vertical motions are completely independent of each other. (T)

In a reference frame there is the x-direction and y- direction. (T)

Exercise 5. Give your comments on the following statement, speak about advantages/disadvantages; your attitude; history of the invention; the way and prospects of using; being ecological-friendly etc.:

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Studying vectors and reference frames is only for physicists or dispatch operators. We don’t encounter them in the real world.

Unit 4

THE LAWS OF MOTION

Exercise 1. Follow the link and watch the video:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kKKM8Y-u7ds

Exercise 2. Answer the questions:

1.How many Newton's laws were published in 1687? (3)

2.When do we use these laws? (When we try to describe the effect of forces.)

3.What is the first law about? (inertia)

4.What is inertia? (an object's tendency to keep doing what it is doing)

5.How is the first law stated? (An object in motion will remain in motion and an object at rest will remain at rest unless acted upon by a force.)

6.What do we need to change the way something moves? (a net force)

7.What do we need to measure inertia? (We need mass. The more mass the more inertia is.)

8.State the second law. (Net force is equal to mass times acceleration.)

9.What is a net force? (the amount of force left over, once you've added together all the forces that might cancel each other out)

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