Английский язык межкультурная коммуникация. Учебное пособие

МИНИСТЕРСТВО НАУКИ И ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ РФ ФГБОУ ВО

«ВОРОНЕКЖСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ ИНЖЕНЕРНЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ»

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И.Б. КОШЕВАРОВА, Е.А. МОЛОДЫХ, С.В. ПАВЛОВА

АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК: межкультурная коммуникация

(Б АКАЛАВ РИАТ )

ENGLISH: intercultural communication

(FOR UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS)

Утверждено редакционно-издательским советом университета

в качестве учебного пособия

ВОРОНЕЖ

2023

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УДК 43:389.6 ББК Ш12=432.4, 51я7+л80я7

К58

Научный редактор доцент Е.А. ЧИГИРИН

Р е ц е н з е н т ы:

зав. кафедрой французского языка и иностранных языков для неязыковых профилей Воронежского государственного педагогического университета доцент О.И. ПАЛАГИНА;

канд. филол. наук А.В. КНИГА (Воронежский государственный педагогический университет)

Печатается по решению редакционно-издательского совета

Воронежского государственного университета инженерных технологий

Кошеварова, И.Б.

Английский язык: межкультурная коммуникация. учеб. пособ. / К58 И.Б. Кошеварова, Е.А. Молодых, С.В. Павлова; Воронежский государственный университет инженерных технологий– Воронеж :

ВГУИТ, 2023. – 97 с. -Текст: непосредственный. ISBN 978-5-00032-654-1

©ФГБОУ ВО «Воронеж. гос. ун-т инж. технол.», 2023

Оригинал-макет данного издания является собственностью Воронежского государственного университета инженерных технологий, его репродуцирование (воспроизведение) любым способом без согласия университета запрещается.

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INTRODUCTION

(ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ)

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PART I.

LANGUAGE AND CULTURE

Unit 1.

Language and Culture Relationship

Active Vocabulary define – определять

value – v, ценить, n, ценность

homologous – тождественный, имеющий сходное происхождение behaviour – поведение

linguistic relativity – лингвистическая относительность share – делить, разделять, иметь что-то общее

interpret – интерпретировать, передавать замысел, устно переводить

encompass – включать в себя, охватывать mindset – менталитет, тип мышления

Exercise 1. Read and guess the meaning of the given international words and their derivatives.

Identify – identification; discuss – discussion; normal–normally; gesture – gesticulate – gesticulation; effect – affect; concept; person – personal – personality, interpret – interpreter – interpretation.

Exercise 2. Match the expressions with their definitions.

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Exercise 3. Read the text and find answers to the following questions.

1.What is the definition of language?

2.What is culture?

3.How does language differ from culture?

4.What is linguistic relativity?

TEXT A

Language and culture

Verbal communication is how people most explicitly convey information from one person to another, so knowing how to speak different languages greatly empowers people to connect across cultural divides. Once you overcome language barriers, you remove the greatest obstacle to free-flowing communication. A conversational level of fluency might be all that is necessary.

When people talk about language, the topic of culture normally comes out. The same thing happens when the topic of culture is the center of a discussion, it typically touches on language.

Language is defined as a system of communication which expresses ideas or feelings and is understood by a particular group of people living in a certain area, region, or country. It can also be spoken, written, or gesticulated.

Culture is a “historically transmitted system of symbols, meanings, and norms.” Knowing a language automatically enables someone to identify with others who speak the same language.

The concepts of language and culture seem different from each other. Language focuses on spoken and written expressions while culture focuses on the identity of a certain group of people. But these concepts are inseparable from each other. Both of them share the realities, behaviours, and human values of a specific group of people.

The relationship between language and culture can also be explained through a concept called linguistic relativity. A simple explanation of this concept is that language determines the way a person views the world. Or the person’s perception of the world corresponds to the person’s spoken language.

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For instance, the description of snow when talking about the weather. For ordinary English speakers, snow is simply snow. But as for Eskimos, there are more than a hundred words for snow in the Inuit language. So, language has a direct effect on the culture of a person.

If you want to understand a certain culture better, you should learn to speak the language of a group of people. Once you speak the language, you’ll have a different outlook on the culture of a person. Communication is essential to know how a person interprets or views the world.

Exercise 4. Complete the sentences using the words from the box.

1)The concepts of language and culture seem ..... from each other.

2)Language focuses on ……….. while culture focuses on the

………….of a certain group of people.

3)Language can be spoken, written, or ……….. .

4)Person’s perception of the world …….. to the person’s spoken language.

5)Language has a direct ………..on the culture of a person.

Exercise 5. Read the text and choose the best heading.

A.Culture and language diversity

B.Neologisms and terms

C.Learning new languages

D.How to become a “citizen of the world”

TEXT B

Within the same culture and language group, people of different ages may have different beliefs and ways of speaking. Younger people usually have different interests, they more eagerly adopt something new, including neologisms and terms from abroad. Older people are

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more set in their ways and use more standardized, sometimes archaic language. Moreover, several nations can bear the same culture.

Cultures may spread worldwide and make people learn new languages, do business, and travel. The more languages the person learns, the more they become the “citizens of the world” who know about many countries and mindsets of people there. However, each culture may be assimilated if more mainstream and popular cultures capture the minds of people. That’s why ethnic groups need to share and safeguard their linguistic and cultural diversity.

Many countries of the Arab world differ, but they have certain shared values and language features for their geographical region. These national traits always stay and help people distinguish strangers and members of the community. Moreover, within each country, there exist dialects that reflect the realities of people living in different conditions. If the country encompasses several geographical zones, people are likely to develop several dialects. That happens because they live in a closed space far from other groups and start to develop neologisms even if they are in the same country. Germany may be an example of such a country because there are two distinct dialects that sometimes sound like two different languages for foreigners. Is language a part of culture in these cases? Surely, yes.

Exercise 6. Find Russian equivalents in the text.

с готовностью принимать что-то , новоеархаичный язык, разделять ценности, отличать чужих людей от членов своего сообщества, охватывать несколько географических поясов, ярко выраженные диалекты, менталитет людей, звучать как, отражать реальность, гражданин мира, национальные черты.

Unit 2. Culture differences

Active Vocabulary

establish credibility – установить доверительные отношения make/ break relationships – завязать/ разорвать отношения

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benefit – n, достоинства, блага, льготы, v, извлекать выгоду, идти на пользу

get straight to the point – сразу перейти к делу beat around the bush – ходить вокруг да около be aware – осознавать

conventions – правила, общепринятые нормы

offense, n – обида, оскорбление, правонарушение, атакующая сторона (о команде, армии и т. п.)

offend, v – обижать, оскорблять, нарушать закон come up with – предлагать, сформулировать

avoid conflict/ misunderstanding – избежать конфликта/

непонимания

fail – не удаваться сделать что-л., провалить

shake hands – обмениваться рукопожатиями; пожимать друг другу руки

bow – наклоняться, кланяться

Exercise 1. Match the expressions to their definitions:

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Exercise 2. Match the following expressions with their Russian equivalents.

Offend, offense, cause offense, take offense at smth/smb, offended, offensive, offensive language, offensive joke, offensive player, offender.

Exercise 3. Translate the following sentences paying attention to active vocabulary.

1.Her tactless remark offended me.

2.No offense, but this cheese tastes like rubber.

3.The team plays good offense.

4.I'm sorry, I didn't mean to offend you.

5.His actions were offensive to everyone.

6.I found her remarks deeply offensive.

7.Most of us take offense at a remark made by a close friend or a random comment on our social media.

8.Мы не хотели никого обидеть.

9.Его комментарии были оскорбительными.

10.Я постараюсь не обижаться на это замечание.

11.Не волнуйтесь, я не обиделся.

Exercise 4. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the meaning of AWARE – «осведомленный, осознающий».

1.He is politically aware.

2.I am fully aware of your problems.

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3.They were aware of the difficulties.

4.He is aware of danger.

5.Администрации известно об этой проблеме.

6.Он отдаёт себе отчёт (осознаёт) о грозящей опасности.

Exercise 5. Read the text. Choose the most suitable headings from the list a-f for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need to use.

a.Variations in presenting information in business environment

b.The importance of intercultural communication.

c.Peculiarities of Chinese business style.

d.How language peculiarities affect international business.

e.What is intercultural communication?

f.Differences in what is correct or polite in society.

TEXT A

Intercultural communication

1._____ Intercultural communication is a discipline that studies communication across different cultures and social groups, or how culture affects communication. It describes the wide range of communication processes and problems that naturally appear within an organization or social context made up of individuals from different religious, social, ethnic, and educational backgrounds. In this sense, it seeks to understand how people from different countries and cultures act, communicate, and perceive the world around them.

2._____There are many reasons why intercultural communication is important. First of all, effective intercultural communication is an essential skill for anyone working across different countries or regions in order to establish harmonious relationships and avoid conflict. It is essential to accurately and appropriately transfer information across countries and cultures. Executives in multinational companies, working either in their home country or abroad, especially benefit from

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