Подбор оборудования приточных вентиляционных установок (кондиционеров) типа КЦКП. Методические указания к курсовому и дипломному проектированию для ст
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ɡɚɜɨɞɫɤɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ. Ⱦɥɹ ɩɨɞɛɨɪɚ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɚ Lɜ, ɦ /ɱ, ɢ ɟɝɨ ɩɨɥɧɨɝɨ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ Ɋɜ, ɉɚ. ȼɟɥɢɱɢɧɭ Lɜ, ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɝɨ ɡɚɩɚɫɚ, ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɸɬ ɪɚɜɧɨɣ 1 Lɫɢɫɬ. Ⱦɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ Ɋɜ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɩɚɫɚ ɧɚ ɧɟɭɱɬɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɨɬɟɪɢ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ 1 1(ǻɊɫɟɬɢ + ǻɊɨɛ), ɝɞɟ ǻɊɫɟɬɢ – ɩɨɬɟɪɢ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɦɭ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɫɟɬɢ, ɜɵɱɢɫɥɹɟɦɵɟ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɚɷɪɨɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ; ǻɊɨɛ – ɩɨɬɟɪɢ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ (ɮɢɥɶɬɪ, ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶ, ɲɭɦɨɝɥɭɲɢɬɟɥɶ ɢ ɬ.ɞ. – ɫɦ. ɩ.ɩ. 3 – 6 ɢ 8). ɉɨɫɥɟ ɩɨɞɛɨɪɚ ɲɭɦɨɝɥɭɲɢɬɟɥɹ ǻɊɨɛ ɭɬɨɱɧɹɟɬɫɹ (ɫɦ. ɩ.8).
ɉɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɞɛɨɪɚ:
ɧɚɯɨɞɢɦ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ į (ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹ) Γ |
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ɜɵɱɢɫɥɹɟɦ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɝɨ ɤɨɥɟɫɚ D, ɦɦ, ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ: D |
Ds Γ, ɦɦ, ɝɞɟ |
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ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ Ds ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɶ ɝɚɛɚɪɢɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɵɛɪɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɚ ɢ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ ȼɫɟ ɩɟɪɟɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɜ ɬɚɛɥ. 5 ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɵ, ɤɪɨɦɟ ȼɋɄ9, ɢɦɟɸɬ ɞɜɭɫɬɨɪɨɧɧɟɟ ɜɫɚɫɵɜɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɤɨɪɩɭɫɟ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɧɨɣ ɫɟɤɰɢɢ ɜɞɨɥɶ ɨɫɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ (ɫɦ. ɩ.9, ɪɢɫ.5). ɉɪɢ ɜɵɛɨɪɟ ɬɢɩɚ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɚ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɜ ɜɢɞɭ, ɱɬɨ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɵ ɫ ɥɨɩɚɬɤɚɦɢ, ɡɚɝɧɭɬɵɦɢ ɜɩɟɪɟɞ, ɩɪɢ ɩɪɨɱɢɯ ɪɚɜɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɦɟɧɶɲɢɣ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪ ɢ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ, ɧɨ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɧɢɡɤɢɣ ɄɉȾ ɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɜɵɫɨɤɭɸ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɦɭɸ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɣ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɲɭɦɚ, ɱɟɦ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɵ ɫ ɥɨɩɚɬɤɚɦɢ, ɡɚɝɧɭɬɵɦɢ ɧɚɡɚɞ. ȼɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɵ ɬɢɩɚ «ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɟɫɨ» (ȼɋɄ9) ɢɦɟɸɬ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɣ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪ ɢ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɧɢɡɤɢɣ ɄɉȾ, ɧɨ ɢɡ ɡɚ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɝɨ ɤɨɥɟɫɚ ɩɟɪɩɟɧɞɢɤɭɥɹɪɧɨ ɨɫɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɚɹ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɧɚɹ ɫɟɤɰɢɹ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɦɟɧɶɲɭɸ ɞɥɢɧɭ (ɫɦ. ɬɚɛɥ.1). ɉɨɫɥɟ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɜɵɛɢɪɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪ ɫ ɛɥɢɠɚɣɲɢɦ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɵɦ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɨɦ ɤɨɥɟɫɚ Dɧ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟɣ ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɚ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ, ɞɥɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɜɵɩɭɫɤɚɸɬɫɹ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɵ ɜɵɛɪɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ ȿɫɥɢ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪ ɫ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɵɦ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟɦ Dɧ ɧɟ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ, ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɜɵɛɪɚɬɶ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɬɢɩ. ɉɪɢ ɦɚɥɵɯ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɚɯ (250 ɦɦ ɢ ɦɟɧɟɟ) ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɶ ɛɥɢɠɚɣɲɢɣ ɛòɥɶɲɢɣ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪ.
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Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 5 |
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ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ Ds ɢ ns ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɨɜ |
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Ɍɢɩ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹ- |
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ȼɋɄ9 |
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ɬɨɪɚ |
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Ʌɨɩɚɬɤɢ |
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Ⱦɢɚɩɚɡɨɧ ɞɢɚ- |
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ɦɟɬɪɨɜ, ɦɦ |
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Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 6 |
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ȼɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɟ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɵɟ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɨɜ, ɦɦ |
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ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɦ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɭɸ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɝɨ ɤɨɥɟɫɚ n, ɦɢɧ , ɩɨ |
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ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ: n |
10,83 ns Ds |
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ɫɨɛɨɣ |
ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɶ |
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Dɧ |
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ɛɵɫɬɪɨɯɨɞɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɜɵɛɪɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɚ ɩɨ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ
ɜɵɱɢɫɥɹɟɦ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ N, ɤȼɬ, ɬɪɟɛɭɟɦɭɸ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɚ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɚ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ:
NLɜ Ɋɜ 10 6 ɝɞɟ Șɜ – ɄɉȾ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɚ, ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɦɵɣ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ
3.6ΚɜΚɩɟɪ
ɨɬ ɬɢɩɚ ɢ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɚ ɩɨ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ 7; Șɩɟɪ – ɄɉȾ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ. ɉɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɥɢɧɨɪɟɦɟɧɧɚɹ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɚ, Șɩɟɪ , ɤɪɨɦɟ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɨɜ ȼɋɄ9, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɨɞɧɨɦ ɜɚɥɭ ɫ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɟɦ, ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɡɞɟɫɶ Șɩɟɪ = 1, ɚ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɚɟɬɫɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɧɵɦ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟɦɩɨɞɛɢɪɚɟɦ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ ɩɨ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɨɱɧɨɣ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ N ɭ kN , ɤȼɬ, ɝɞɟ k – ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɡɚɩɚɫɚ, ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɦɵɣ ɩɨ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ > @. ɉɪɢ
ɷɬɨɦ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɫɢɧɯɪɨɧɧɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɛɵɥɚ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ n
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ɄɉȾ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɨɜ |
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Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 7 |
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Ⱦɢɚɦɟɬɪ ɤɨɥɟɫɚ, ɦɦ |
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ɄɉȾ |
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ȼɋɄ |
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630 ɢ ɜɵɲɟ |
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200 ɢ ɦɟɧɟɟ |
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Ʉɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɵ ɡɚɩɚɫɚ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ |
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Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 8 |
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N, ɤȼɬ |
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Ⱦɨ 0,5 |
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Ȼɨɥɟɟ 5 |
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ɜɵɱɢɫɥɹɟɦ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɡɜɭɤɨɜɨɣ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ LS(Ⱥ), ɞȻ(Ⱥ), ɩɨ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɜɢɞɨ- |
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ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɧɨɦɭ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɸ [@Lɪ( A) |
Lɨ 20lg( Pɜ ) 10lg( Lɜ ) |
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Ɂɞɟɫɶ LR – ɚɧɚɥɨɝ ɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɹ ɲɭɦɧɨɫɬɢ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɦɵɣ ɩɨ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɚ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɚ. Ⱦɢɚɩɚɡɨɧ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ, ɞɥɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ LR, ɭɤɚɡɚɧ ɜ ɫɤɨɛɤɚɯ. ȿɫɥɢ ɞɥɹ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɚ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɚ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɨɞɧɚ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ LR, ɨɧɚ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɫɹ ɤɨ ɜɫɟɦ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɚɦ, ɞɥɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɜɵɩɭɫɤɚɟɬɫɹ ɞɚɧɧɵɣ ɬɢɩ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɚ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɬɚɛɥ. 5.
ɧɚɯɨɞɢɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɢ ɲɭɦɚ ɜ ɨɤɬɚɜɧɵɯ ɩɨɥɨɫɚɯ ɱɚɫɬɨɬ Lɪ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ:
Lɪ Lɪ( A ) Lɪ , ɞȻ,
ɝɞɟ ǻLS – ɩɨɩɪɚɜɤɚ, ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɦɚɹ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ, ɬɢɩɚ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɚ ɢ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɚ ɤɨɥɟɫɚ ɩɨ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ . ɉɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɚɤɭɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɢ ɢ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɞɛɨɪɚ ɲɭɦɨɝɥɭɲɢɬɟɥɹ.
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 9
Ʉɪɢɬɟɪɢɢ ɲɭɦɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɨɜ
Lɨ, ɞȻ(Ⱥ)
ADɇ |
RDɇ |
GXLF |
GXLB |
TLZ |
THLZ |
ȼɋɄ9 |
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Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 10
ɉɨɩɪɚɜɤɢ ǻLS, ɞȻ
Ⱦɢɚɦɟɬɪ ɤɨɥɟɫɚ, ɦɦ (ɡɚ ɫɤɨɛ- |
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ɤɚɦɢ – ɞɥɹ ADɇ ɢ TLZ, ɜ ɫɤɨɛ- |
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ɤɚɯ – ɞɥɹ ɨɫɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ |
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225 ɢ ɦɟɧɟɟ (225 ɢ ɦɟɧɟɟ) |
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– 500 (630 ɢ ɛɨɥɟɟ) |
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ɉɪɢɦɟɪ ɩɨɞɛɨɪɚ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɚ ɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ
ɉɭɫɬɶ LFɢɫɬ = 10000 ɦ /ɱ, Ɋɫɟɬɢ ɉɚ, Ɋɨɛ (ɩɪɢɟɦɧɚɹ ɫɟɤɰɢɹ) + 150 (ɮɢɥɶɬɪ) + ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶ (ɨɯɥɚɞɢɬɟɥɶ) + (ɮɨɪɫɭɧɨɱɧɚɹ ɤɚɦɟɪɚ) + 50 (ɲɭɦɨɝɥɭɲɢɬɟɥɶ – ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɦ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɨ, ɬ.ɤ. ɞɨ ɩɨɞɛɨɪɚ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɚ ɝɥɭɲɢɬɟɥɶ ɩɨɞɨɛɪɚɬɶ ɧɟɥɶɡɹ) = ɉɚ (ɫɦ. ɩ.ɩ. 3 – 6). Ɍɨɝɞɚ Lɜ05·10000 = 10500 ɦ /ɱ; Ɋɜ 1·( ɉɚ. ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ
Γ10500 
1050 . ȼɵɛɢɪɚɟɦ ɬɢɩ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɚ RDH, ɞɥɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɩɨ ɬɚɛɥ. 5
Ds ɢ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɦ D ·1 ɦɦ. ɉɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɦ ɩɨ ɬɚɛɥ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɵɣ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪ ɤɨɥɟɫɚ Dɧ ɦɦ. ȼ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɬɚɛɥ. 5 ɬɚɤɨɣ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪ ɥɟɠɢɬ ɜ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɟ – 1000 ɦɦ, ɞɥɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɜɵɩɭɫɤɚɸɬɫɹ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɵ RDH, ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ Dɧ = 450 ɦɦ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧ. Ⱦɥɢɧɚ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɧɨɣ ɫɟɤɰɢɢ ɫ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɨɦ ɞɜɭɫɬɨɪɨɧɧɟɝɨ ɜɫɚɫɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɄɐɄɉ ɪɚɜɧɚ
0 ɦɦ (ɫɦ. ɬɚɛɥ. 1). ȼɵɱɢɫɥɹɟɦ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ: n |
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10500 1050 10 6 |
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ɤȼɬ. Ʉɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɡɚɩɚɫɚ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨ ɬɚɛɥ ɪɚɜɟɧ 1 15, ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɨɱɧɚɹ |
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ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɪɚɜɧɚ Nɭ 15· ɤȼɬ. ɋ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɦɨɣ |
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ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɤɚɬɚɥɨɝɭ ɜɵɛɢɪɚɟɦ ɚɫɢɧɯɪɨɧɧɵɣ ɞɜɭɯɩɨɥɸɫɧɵɣ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ |
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Ⱥ1/ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶɸ 5 5 ɤȼɬ ɢ ɫɢɧɯɪɨɧɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɨɣ 00 ɦɢɧ . ɍɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɡɜɭɤɨ- |
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ɜɨɣ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɬɚɛɥ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ Lɪ( A) 15 20lg(1050) 10lg(10500) |
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ɞȻ(Ⱥ). ɍɪɨɜɧɢ ɲɭɦɚ ɩɨ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚɦ ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɬɚɛɥ |
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Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 11
ɍɪɨɜɧɢ ɲɭɦɚ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɚ ɩɨ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚɦ
ɑɚɫɬɨɬɚ, Ƚɰ |
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LS, ɞȻ |
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ɉɈȾȻɈɊ ɒɍɆɈȽɅɍɒɂɌȿɅȿɃ
ɉɨɞɛɨɪ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɞɚɧɧɵɦ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɭɪɨɜɧɟɣ ɲɭɦɚ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɨɝɨ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɚ Lɪ (ɫɦ. ɩ.7) ɢ ɚɤɭɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɫɟɬɢ, ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɦɨɝɨ ɩɨ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɤɟ ɝɥɚɜɵ 12 > @. ȼ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɚɤɭɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɨ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɲɭɦɚ ɜ ɫɟɬɢ ɢ ɜ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ ɩɨ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚɦ ǻLɪ.ɫ. Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɩɨ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ 12.1 > @ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɵɟ ɭɪɨɜɧɢ ɲɭɦɚ ɜ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ ɩɨ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚɦ Lɞɨɩ. ɉɨɫɥɟ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɦɵɣ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɲɭɦɚ ɜ ɲɭɦɨɝɥɭɲɢɬɟɥɟ ɩɨ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚɦ: ǻLɪ.ɲ Lɪ – Lɞɨɩ – ǻLɪ.ɫ, ɞȻ. Ɋɚɫɱɟɬ ɭɞɨɛɧɨ ɜɟɫɬɢ ɜ ɬɚɛɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɟ (ɫɦ. ɩɪɢɦɟɪ). ȿɫɥɢ ɞɥɹ ɤɚɤɢɯ ɥɢɛɨ ɱɚɫɬɨɬ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ, ɱɬɨ ǻLɪ.ɲ > 0, ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɲɭɦɨɝɥɭɲɢɬɟɥɹ. Ⱦɚɥɟɟ ɜɵɛɢɪɚɟɦ ɞɥɢɧɭ ɩɥɚɫɬɢɧ ɝɥɭɲɢɬɟɥɹ lɩɥ ɩɨ ɚɤɭɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɟ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫɨ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɣ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟɣ:
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 12
Ⱥɤɭɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɩɥɚɫɬɢɧɱɚɬɵɯ ɲɭɦɨɝɥɭɲɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɞɥɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɨɤ ɬɢɩɚ ɄɐɄɉ
ɑɚɫɬɨɬɚ, Ƚɰ |
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Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ǻLɪ.ɝɥ |
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ɞȻ, ɩɪɢ ɞɥɢɧɟ |
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ɩɥɚɫɬɢɧ ɝɥɭɲɢɬɟ- |
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ɥɹ lɩɥ, ɦ |
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Ⱦɥɢɧɚ ɩɥɚɫɬɢɧ ɝɥɭɲɢɬɟɥɹ ɜɵɛɢɪɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɞɥɹ ɜɫɟɯ ɱɚɫɬɨɬ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ ɮɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɲɭɦɚ ǻLɪ.ɝɥ ɛɵɥɚ ɜɵɲɟ, ɱɟɦ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɦɨɟ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɲɭɦɚ ǻLɪ.ɲ ȼɵɱɢɫɥɹɟɦ ɚɷɪɨɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜ-
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ɥɟɧɢɟ ɝɥɭɲɢɬɟɥɹ: Ɋ |
ɜ |
, ɉɚ, ɝɞɟ ȗ – ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟ- |
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ɲɝ |
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ɧɢɹ, ɪɚɜɧɵɣ ·lɩɥ. Ɂɞɟɫɶ ȡ, ɤɝ/ɦ , ɢ vɜ, ɦ/ɫ – ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɜ ɫɟɱɟɧɢɢ ɝɥɭɲɢɬɟɥɹ. ɉɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ
ɩɪɢɬɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ. ɋɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɝɥɭɲɢɬɟɥɟ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɠɟ, ɤɚɤ ɢ ɜ ɩɪɢɟɦɧɨɣ ɫɟɤɰɢɢ (ɫɦ. ɩ.2), ɩɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɪɚɫɯɨɞ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ Lɫɢɫɬ ɢ ɝɟɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɫɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ fɝ.ɭ, ɦ , ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɵɦɢ.
ɉɪɢɦɟɪ ɩɨɞɛɨɪɚ ɲɭɦɨɝɥɭɲɢɬɟɥɹ
ɉɭɫɬɶ Lɫɢɫɬ = 10000 ɦ /ɱ, tɩ tɨ ɨɋ (ɧɚ 0 5 ɝɪɚɞɭɫɚ ɜɵɲɟ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɡɚ ɮɨɪɫɭɧɨɱɧɨɣ ɤɚɦɟɪɨɣ ɜ ɯɨɥɨɞɧɵɣ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɝɨɞɚ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɩɨɞɨɝɪɟɜɚ ɜ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɟ – ɫɦ. ɩ.6). ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɟɬ ɬɨɪɝɨɜɵɣ ɡɚɥ. Ɋɚɫɱɟɬ ɜɟɞɟɦ ɞɥɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɄɐɄɉ (ɫɦ. ɩɪɟɞɵɞɭɳɢɟ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɵ ɋɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɜ ɫɟɱɟɧɢɢ ɝɥɭɲɢɬɟɥɹ vɜ 34 ɦ/ɫ, ɤɚɤ ɢ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɢɟɦɧɨɣ ɫɟɤɰɢɢ (ɫɦ. ɩ.3). ɉɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ
ɜ ɝɥɭɲɢɬɟɥɟ: Υ |
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ɤɝ/ɦ . Ⱦɨɩɭɫɬɢɦ, ɱɬɨ ɩɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦ ɚɤɭɫɬɢɱɟ- |
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ɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɫɟɬɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɲɭɦɚ ɩɨ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚɦ ǻLp.ɫ, ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɣ ɜɨ ɜɬɨɪɨɣ ɫɬɪɨɤɟ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɨɣ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɵ . Ⱦɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɵɟ ɭɪɨɜɧɢ ɲɭɦɚ Lɞɨɩ ɩɨ ɬɚɛɥ. 12.1 > @ɞɥɹ ɬɨɪɝɨɜɵɯ ɡɚɥɨɜ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɦ ɜ ɬɪɟɬɶɟɣ ɫɬɪɨɤɟ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɵ. Ɂɚɩɢɫɵɜɚɟɦ ɜ ɱɟɬɜɟɪɬɭɸ ɫɬɪɨɤɭ ɭɪɨɜɧɢ ɲɭɦɚ, ɫɨɡɞɚɜɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɨɦ LS (ɫɦ. ɬɚɛɥɢɰɭ ). Ɍɨɝɞɚ ɜ ɩɹɬɨɣ ɫɬɪɨɤɟ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɦ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɦɨɟ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɲɭɦɚ ɜ ɝɥɭɲɢɬɟɥɟ ǻLɪ.ɲ Lɪ – Lɞɨɩ – ǻLɪ.ɫ, ɞȻ:
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Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 13 |
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Ɋɚɫɱɟɬ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɦɨɝɨ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɲɭɦɚ ɜ ɝɥɭɲɢɬɟɥɟ |
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ɑɚɫɬɨɬɚ, Ƚɰ |
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ǻLS.ɫ, ɞȻ |
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Lɞɨɩ, ɞȻ |
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LS, ɞȻ |
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ǻLɪ ɲ Lɪ – Lɞɨɩ – |
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– ǻLɪ ɫ ɞȻ |
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ǻLɪ.ɝɥ ɩɪɢ lɩɥ ɦ |
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Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɞɥɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬ – Ƚɰ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ ǻLɪ.ɲ > 0, ɬ.ɟ. ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɲɭɦɨɝɥɭɲɢɬɟɥɹ. ɉɨ ɬɚɛɥ ɚɤɭɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɝɥɭɲɢɬɟɥɹ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɦ lɩɥ ɦ. ȼ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɟɣ ɫɬɪɨɤɟ ɬɚɛɥ. 13 ɞɥɹ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ǻLɪ.ɝɥ ɞɥɹ lɩɥ ɦ ɢɡ ɬɚɛɥ. 12, ɢ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɭɛɟɞɢɬɶɫɹ, ɱɬɨ ɞɥɹ ɜɫɟɯ ɱɚɫɬɨɬ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɪɚɜɟɧɫɬɜɨ ǻLɪ.ɝɥ!ǻLɪ.ɲ Ɉɛɳɚɹ ɞɥɢɧɚ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɝɥɭɲɢɬɟɥɹ ɞɥɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɄɐɄɉ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɢɬ 45 ɦɦ (ɫɦ. ɬɚɛɥ. 1ɚ). ȼɵɱɢɫɥɹɟɦ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɝɥɭɲɢɬɟɥɹ: ȗ = · . Ⱥɷɪɨɞɢ-
ɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɝɥɭɲɢɬɟɥɹ: Ɋɲɝ |
4,17 1,213 2,34 |
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ɉɚ – |
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ɦɟɧɶɲɟ, ɱɟɦ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɨ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɞɛɨɪɟ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɚ (50 ɉɚ), ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɡɚɩɚɫ ɩɨ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ.
ɊȺɋɑȿɌ ɋɍɆɆȺɊɇɈɃ ȾɅɂɇɕ ɍɋɌȺɇɈȼɄɂ
Ⱦɥɢɧɚ ɤɨɧɞɢɰɢɨɧɟɪɚ, ɦɦ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɜ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɚɯ, ɫɨɫɬɚɜɢɬ: (ɩɪɢɟɦɧɚɹ) + 3 0 (ɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɜɚɥɶɧɚɹ) + 3 ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶ0 (ɮɨɪɫɭɧɨɱɧɚɹ ɤɚɦɟɪɚ) 0 (ɨɯɥɚɞɢɬɟɥɶ ɫ ɤɚɩɥɟɭɥɨɜɢɬɟɥɟɦ) + 1 0 (ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɧɚɹ) + (ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɚɹ) + (ɝɥɭɲɢɬɟɥɶ) + 565 (ɛɥɨɤ ɫ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɤɥɚɩɚɧɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɯɥɨɩɚ ɜɜɟɪɯ) 00 ɦɦ. ɉɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɫɨɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɭɜɥɚɠɧɢɬɟɥɹ ɞɥɢɧɚ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ 1600 – 1100 = 500 ɦɦ, ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɢɬ 6 00 ɦɦ.
ɉɪɢɦɟɪ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɨɜɤɢ ɩɪɢɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ
Ɋɚɡɪɟɡ ɩɪɢɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɄɐɄɉ 10 ɜ ɛɚɡɨɜɨɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɚɰɢɢ (ɩɪɢɟɦɧɚɹ ɫɟɤɰɢɹ, ɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɜɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɹɱɟɣɤɨɜɚɹ, ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɶ ɢ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɧɚɹ ɫ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɨɦ ɞɜɭɫɬɨɪɨɧɧɟɝɨ ɜɫɚɫɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɜɵɯɥɨɩɨɦ ɜɜɟɪɯ) ɞɥɹ ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ. ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɤɚɪɦɚɧɧɵɯ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɜ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɜɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɟɤɰɢɢ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɱɧɚɹ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɡɚɦɟɧɵ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɚ.
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0.000 |
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-1.810 |
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-2.900 |
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Ɋɢɫ. 5. Ɋɚɡɪɟɡ ɩɪɢɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɄɐɄɉ 10 ɜ ɛɚɡɨɜɨɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɚɰɢɢ |
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ɉ1 – ɩɪɢɟɦɧɵɣ ɛɥɨɤ; ɉ1 – ɩɚɧɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɮɢɥɶɬɪ; ɉ1 ɤɚɥɨɪɢɮɟɪ ɦɟɞɧɨ ɚɥɸɦɢɧɢɟɜɵɣ ȼɇȼ 243; ɉ1 – ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɧɵɣ ɛɥɨɤ ɫ ɜɵɯɥɨɩɨɦ ɜɜɟɪɯ
ɋɉɂɋɈɄ ɅɂɌȿɊȺɌɍɊɕ
Ʉɚɬɚɥɨɝ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ. Ʉɨɧɞɢɰɢɨɧɟɪɵ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɤɚɪɤɚɫɧɨ ɩɚɧɟɥɶɧɵɟ (ɄɐɄɉ) – Ɇ.
ɈɈɈ «ȼȿɁȺ» – – ɫ.ɋɉ 131.13330.2012. Ⱥɤɬɭɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɚɹ ɪɟɞɚɤɰɢɹ ɋɇɢɉ 23 «ɋɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ
ɤɥɢɦɚɬɨɥɨɝɢɹ». – Ɇ: Ɇɢɧɪɟɝɢɨɧ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ. –ɋɩɪɚɜɨɱɧɢɤ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɳɢɤɚ. ȼɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɟ ɫɚɧɢɬɚɪɧɨ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ. ɑ.3.
ȼɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɹ ɢ ɤɨɧɞɢɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ. Ʉɧ.1. / ɩɨɞ ɪɟɞ. ɇ.ɇ.ɉɚɜɥɨɜɚ ɢ ɘ.ɂ.ɒɢɥɥɟɪɚ. – Ɇ: ɋɬɪɨɣɢɡɞɚɬ. – – 320 ɫ.
ɉ.ɇ. Ʉɚɦɟɧɟɜ, ȿ.ɂ. Ɍɟɪɬɢɱɧɢɤ. ȼɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɹ. – Ɇ.:ɂɡɞ ɜɨ Ⱥɋȼ – –616 ɫ.
ɋɩɪɚɜɨɱɧɢɤ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɳɢɤɚ. ȼɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɟ ɫɚɧɢɬɚɪɧɨ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ. ɑ.1. Ɉɬɨɩɥɟɧɢɟ. / ɉɨɞ ɪɟɞ. ɂ.Ƚ.ɋɬɚɪɨɜɟɪɨɜɚ ɢ ɘ.ɂ.ɒɢɥɥɟɪɚ. – Ɇ.: ɋɬɪɨɣɢɡɞɚɬ – – 344 ɫ.
ȿ.Ɇ.Ȼɟɥɨɜɚ. ɐɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɤɨɧɞɢɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɜ ɡɞɚɧɢɹɯ. – Ɇ.: ȿɜ-
ɪɨɤɥɢɦɚɬ – – 640 ɫ.ɉ.ɂ. Ⱦɹɱɟɤ. ɇɚɫɨɫɵ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɵ, ɤɨɦɩɪɟɫɫɨɪɵ – Ɇ.: ɂɡɞ ɜɨ Ⱥɋȼ – – ɫ.
ɈȽɅȺȼɅȿɇɂȿ
Ɉɛɳɢɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ……………………………………………………………………………ȼɵɛɨɪ ɬɢɩɨɪɚɡɦɟɪɚ ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɝɚɛɚɪɢɬɨɜ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ…………………………………Ɋɚɫɱɟɬ ɚɷɪɨɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɟɦɧɨɣ ɢ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɨɜɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɟɤɰɢɣ………Ɋɚɫɱɟɬ ɜɨɞɹɧɵɯ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɬɟɥɟɣ………………………………… ……………………Ɋɚɫɱɟɬ ɜɨɞɹɧɵɯ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɨɯɥɚɞɢɬɟɥɟɣ……………………………………
Ɋɚɫɱɟɬ ɮɨɪɫɭɧɨɱɧɵɯ ɤɚɦɟɪ ɨɪɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɫɨɬɨɜɵɯ ɭɜɥɚɠɧɢɬɟɥɟɣ…………………………ɉɨɞɛɨɪ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɨɜ ɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɟɣ…………………………………………………ɉɨɞɛɨɪ ɲɭɦɨɝɥɭɲɢɬɟɥɟɣ……………………………………………………………………Ɋɚɫɱɟɬ ɫɭɦɦɚɪɧɨɣ ɞɥɢɧɵ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ………………………………………………………
ɋɩɢɫɨɤ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ………………………………………………………………………………
ȾɅə ɁȺɆȿɌɈɄ