- •Contents
- •2. Present Continuous
- •3. Present Simple
- •Ex. 3. Supply the following sentences with one of the given adverbs: usually, never, often, always, generally, sometimes, occasionally.
- •4.Present Simple vs. Present Continuous.
- •5. Past Simple
- •Ex. 1. Put the verbs in the past simple tense.
- •6. Past Continuous
- •7. Past Simple vs. Past Continuous.
- •8. Present Perfect Simple
- •9. Present Perfect vs. Past Simple
- •Compare
- •Compare these sentences.
- •10. Present Perfect Continuous
- •Compare these sentences
- •12. Past Perfect
- •13. Future Forms
- •1. Future Simple
- •2. Be going to (do)
- •3. Present Continuous1 with a future meaning.
- •4. Present Simple with a future meaning.
- •5. Future Continuous
- •Ex. 1. Put the following sentences in the negative and question forms (yes/no questions).
- •Ex. 2. Put the verbs into the correct form.
- •Ex. 3. Make one sentence from two sentences.
- •Ex. 4. Are you (your friend, your parents) going to do/ not going to do these things tomorrow?
- •Ex. 5. Put the verb in the correct form using willorgoing to.
- •Ex. 6. What will these people be doing tomorrow from 8 till 8-30 in the morning.
- •Ex. 7. Write some sentences about your plans for the next few days.
- •Ex. 8. Choose the correct verb form in the following pairs of sentences.
- •14. Revision of Tenses
- •15. Modal verbs (basic rules).
- •2. Must – have to – to be to.
- •Ex. 5. Put in must or have to.
- •Ex. 6. Put in must or had to.
- •Ex. 7. Make questions with have to. Some are present and some are past.
- •Ex. 8. Make negative sentences with have to.
- •Ex. 9. Underline the correct verb form.
- •4. Should (do)
- •16. Questions in Different Tenses (Revision).
- •1. General questions.
- •2. Special questions.
- •3. Alternative questions.
- •17. Reported Speech
- •Verb in the past.
- •18. There (is) and It (is)
- •Ex. 3. Complete the dialogue with used to or didn’t use to
- •Ex. 4. Translate the sentences into English.
- •20. Conditionals
- •Ex. 2. Open the brackets using type 2 conditional.
- •Ex. 3. Give advice using type 2 conditional.
- •Ex. 5. Rewrite the following story using type 3 conditional.
- •E.G. If Ron hadn’t slept until twelve yesterday, he wouldn’t have failed the exam. Continue rewriting the story. Ex. 6. Match the following parts of the sentence
- •Ex. 8. Translate the sentences into English.
- •21. Passive Voice.
- •22. Complex Subject
- •Ex. 1. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •Ex. 2. Rewrite the following sentences using the complex subject.
- •Ex. 3. Translate the sentences into English.
- •23. Gerund.
- •25. Participle.
- •Participle I has four forms:
- •26. Complex Object.
- •27. Articles
- •28. Pronouns
- •Demonstrative pronouns
- •29. Some, any, no
- •30. Compound pronouns.
- •31. Much, Many, Little, Few, a Lot (of).
- •32. Adjectives and adverbs
- •33. Comparisons.
- •Irregular forms.
- •2. The same as
- •34. Other and another
- •Ex. 1. Fill in the blanks with other, another, the other.
- •Ex. 2. Insert other or others.
- •We write –‘after nouns in plural
- •We use the possessive (’s) structure when the first noun is the name of a person, group of people, animal, organization, country
- •E.G. Rules: club / football
- •36. So and Such.
- •37. Enough and Too.
- •Ex. 3. Use too orenough
- •Ex. 4. Translate the sentences into English.
- •38. Relative clauses – clauses with who / that / which
- •39. Prepositions.
- •For / during
- •In / at and to (places and directions)
- •40. Irregular Verbs
- •41. Word-Formation
- •42. Abbreviation List
32. Adjectives and adverbs
Adjectivesdescribe nouns and go before them.
E.g.He has got a large house.
Adverbs normally describe verbs, adjectives or other adverbs.
E.g.You speak too quickly.
Note! Such verbs as:appear, be, become, feel, seem, smell, sound, taste, looketc. are described by adjectives, which go alone after the verbs.
E.g. The flower smells good.
The music sounds nice.
Most adverbs are formed by adding –lyto an adjective.
E.g.slow – slowly.
Some adverbs and adjectives have the same form: fast, long, far, little, much, early, daily, straight, the adverb ofgood iswell.
Some adverbs have two forms with different meanings:
|
Adjective |
Adverb |
Adverb |
|
hard This is a hard task. |
hard (with a lot of effort) She studies hard. |
hardly (scarcely) I can hardly understand him. |
|
late It happened in the late summer. |
late (after the proper time) He arrived at the airport late. |
lately (recently) I haven’t been to the cinema lately. |
|
near I saw my friend working in the near field. |
near (close) She lives quite near. |
nearly (almost) It is nearly midnight. |
|
deep He is a man of deep knowledge. |
deep (a long way down) They went deep into the forest. |
deeply (greatly) He was deeply in love. |
Ex. 1. Which is right?
1. They pay their employees very bad/badly.
2. Don’t drive too slow/slowly.
3. Her dress looks really nice/nicely.
4. The car stopped sudden/suddenly.
5. It is snowing heavy/heavily.
6. She did very good/wellat the exam.
7. Listen careful/carefully!
8. She is so nice/nicely.
9. He feels very nervous/nervously.
10. The performance was very good/well. I enjoyed itgreat/greatly.
11. The goods were safe/safelypacked.
12. This is our usually/usual meal.
13. I can’t understand why he behaved so stupid/stupidly.
14. The task seemed clear/clearly.
15. He was so slowly/slow!
16. We could hard/hardly see in the dark.
17. It was hard/hardlyto persuade him.
18. My friend lives near/nearlythe station.
Ex. 2. Translate into English.
Он почти ничего не читает.
Он выглядел сердитым.
Мужчина холодно взглянул на посетителя.
Не говорите так громко. Я вас хорошо слышу.
Музыка звучит слишком громко.
Если вы посмотрите внимательно, вы увидите, что это портрет его сестры.
Вы прекрасно выглядите в этом платье.
Они жили счастливо долгие годы.
Последнее время он приходит поздно.
Вам следует усердно работать, если вы хотите получать много денег.
Фильм был неинтересным, но в нем играли знаменитые актеры.
Неожиданный шум разбудил его.
Духи пахнут хорошо.
33. Comparisons.
Comparisons indicate degrees of difference with adjectives and adverbs.
E.g. It is cheaper to travel by train. The plane is the most expensive means of transport.
Comparative and superlative adjectives.
|
|
Positive |
Comparative |
Superlative |
|
Short adjectives (with one syllable) |
small short |
Smaller shorter |
smallest shortest |
|
Adjectives with two syllables that end in -y/-er/-ow/-le |
happy clever narrow simple |
happier cleverer narrower simpler |
happiest cleverest narrowest simplest |
|
Adjectives with two syllables or more |
comfortable |
more/less comfortable |
most/least comfortable |
Comparative and superlative adverbs
|
|
Positive |
Comparative |
Superlative |
|
Short adverbs |
hard fast early soon late near |
harder faster earlier sooner later nearer |
hardest fastest earliest soonest latest nearest |
|
Adverbs with two syllables or more |
slowly strongly |
more/less slowly more/less strongly |
most/least slowly most/least strongly |