- •Contents
- •2. Present Continuous
- •3. Present Simple
- •Ex. 3. Supply the following sentences with one of the given adverbs: usually, never, often, always, generally, sometimes, occasionally.
- •4.Present Simple vs. Present Continuous.
- •5. Past Simple
- •Ex. 1. Put the verbs in the past simple tense.
- •6. Past Continuous
- •7. Past Simple vs. Past Continuous.
- •8. Present Perfect Simple
- •9. Present Perfect vs. Past Simple
- •Compare
- •Compare these sentences.
- •10. Present Perfect Continuous
- •Compare these sentences
- •12. Past Perfect
- •13. Future Forms
- •1. Future Simple
- •2. Be going to (do)
- •3. Present Continuous1 with a future meaning.
- •4. Present Simple with a future meaning.
- •5. Future Continuous
- •Ex. 1. Put the following sentences in the negative and question forms (yes/no questions).
- •Ex. 2. Put the verbs into the correct form.
- •Ex. 3. Make one sentence from two sentences.
- •Ex. 4. Are you (your friend, your parents) going to do/ not going to do these things tomorrow?
- •Ex. 5. Put the verb in the correct form using willorgoing to.
- •Ex. 6. What will these people be doing tomorrow from 8 till 8-30 in the morning.
- •Ex. 7. Write some sentences about your plans for the next few days.
- •Ex. 8. Choose the correct verb form in the following pairs of sentences.
- •14. Revision of Tenses
- •15. Modal verbs (basic rules).
- •2. Must – have to – to be to.
- •Ex. 5. Put in must or have to.
- •Ex. 6. Put in must or had to.
- •Ex. 7. Make questions with have to. Some are present and some are past.
- •Ex. 8. Make negative sentences with have to.
- •Ex. 9. Underline the correct verb form.
- •4. Should (do)
- •16. Questions in Different Tenses (Revision).
- •1. General questions.
- •2. Special questions.
- •3. Alternative questions.
- •17. Reported Speech
- •Verb in the past.
- •18. There (is) and It (is)
- •Ex. 3. Complete the dialogue with used to or didn’t use to
- •Ex. 4. Translate the sentences into English.
- •20. Conditionals
- •Ex. 2. Open the brackets using type 2 conditional.
- •Ex. 3. Give advice using type 2 conditional.
- •Ex. 5. Rewrite the following story using type 3 conditional.
- •E.G. If Ron hadn’t slept until twelve yesterday, he wouldn’t have failed the exam. Continue rewriting the story. Ex. 6. Match the following parts of the sentence
- •Ex. 8. Translate the sentences into English.
- •21. Passive Voice.
- •22. Complex Subject
- •Ex. 1. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •Ex. 2. Rewrite the following sentences using the complex subject.
- •Ex. 3. Translate the sentences into English.
- •23. Gerund.
- •25. Participle.
- •Participle I has four forms:
- •26. Complex Object.
- •27. Articles
- •28. Pronouns
- •Demonstrative pronouns
- •29. Some, any, no
- •30. Compound pronouns.
- •31. Much, Many, Little, Few, a Lot (of).
- •32. Adjectives and adverbs
- •33. Comparisons.
- •Irregular forms.
- •2. The same as
- •34. Other and another
- •Ex. 1. Fill in the blanks with other, another, the other.
- •Ex. 2. Insert other or others.
- •We write –‘after nouns in plural
- •We use the possessive (’s) structure when the first noun is the name of a person, group of people, animal, organization, country
- •E.G. Rules: club / football
- •36. So and Such.
- •37. Enough and Too.
- •Ex. 3. Use too orenough
- •Ex. 4. Translate the sentences into English.
- •38. Relative clauses – clauses with who / that / which
- •39. Prepositions.
- •For / during
- •In / at and to (places and directions)
- •40. Irregular Verbs
- •41. Word-Formation
- •42. Abbreviation List
English Grammar in Practice
Обучение грамматике является одной из основных задач преподавания иностранного языка. Настоящее пособие охватывает весь курс практической грамматики английского языка. Однако, как всякий учебный курс, оно рассматривает основные факты строя языка, а не все реально существующие грамматические явления.
Пособие предназначено для студентов 1 и 2 курсов всех факультетов и отделений РГТЭУ. Оно может быть использовано слушателями факультета довузовской подготовки, а также широким кругом лиц, изучающих английский язык.
Его целью является приведение в систему имеющихся знаний о грамматических явлениях английского языка и развитие умений правильно употреблять грамматический материал как в устной, так и в письменной речи.
Пособие состоит из 40 частей. В каждой части прорабатывается определенная грамматическая тема с ее кратким предварительным описанием на английском языке, поскольку перевод на русский язык не отражает точно многих грамматических особенностей английского языка.
Для формирования речевых грамматических навыков используется развернутая система упражнений, позволяющая поэтапно, в последовательности «от простого к сложному» ознакомиться с грамматическим материалом, провести его первичное закрепление, тренировку и применение.
Особенностью данной практической грамматики является наличие как упражнений, нацеленных на отработку грамматических форм на английском языке, так и упражнений на перевод с русского языка на английский.
В конце пособия имеется таблица неправильных глаголов.
Желаем Вам успехов в обучении!
Авторы
Contents
1. Verb to be.
2. Present Continuous
3. Present Simple
4. Present Simple vs Present Continuous.
5. Past Simple
6. Past Continuous
7. Past Simple vs Past Continuous
8. Present Perfect Simple
9. Present Perfect Simple vs Past Simple
10. Present Perfect Continuous
11. Present Perfect Continuous vs Present Perfect Simple
12. Past Perfect
13. Future Forms
14. Revision of Tenses
15. Modal Verbs (basic rules)
16. Questions
17. Reported Speech
18. There (is) / It (is)
19. Used to + V
20. Conditionals
21. Passive Voice
22. Complex Subject
23. Gerund
24. Verbs + Infinitive
25. Participles
26. Complex Object
27. Articles
28. Pronouns
29. Some/Any/No
30. Compound Pronouns.
31. Much, Many, Little, Few, a Lot (of)
32. Adjectives and Adverbs
33. Comparisons
34. Other and Another
35. Noun + Noun
36. So/Such
37. Enough/Too
38. Relative Clauses
39. Prepositions
40. Irregular Verbs
41. Word-Formation
42. Abbreviation List
1. Verb to be.
|
|
I |
WE, YOU, THEY |
HE, SHE, IT |
|
Positive |
I amfrom Russia. |
We arefrom Russia. |
He isfrom Russia. |
|
Negative |
I amnot from Russia. |
We aren’tfrom Russia. |
He isn’tfrom Russia. |
|
Questions |
AmI from Russia? Yes, I am. No, Iamnot. Where amI from? |
Areyou from Russia? Yes, we are. No, wearen’t. Where areyou from? |
Ishe from Russia? Yes, he is. No, heisn’t. Where ishe from? |
Ex. 1. Insert am/ is/ are/ am not/ isn’t/ aren’t
1. He … tired.
2. I … a student.
3. … we in class?
4. Mary … cold.
6. It … sunny today.
7. … John married?
8. They … out.
9. He … at home now. He is in the office.
10. It … Sunday today.
Ex. 2. Translate from Russian into English.
Он врач.
Им жарко.
Она замужем.
ОнисейчасвПариже.
Том сейчас не в офисе.
Они англичане? – Нет, они американцы.
Сегодня холодно, но солнечно.
Эта сумка тяжелая.
Это наша остановка? – Нет, наша – следующая.
Эта программа интересная.
Я – студент, а мой друг – школьник.
2. Present Continuous
|
|
I |
WE, YOU, THEY |
HE, SHE, IT |
|
Positive |
I amlearningEnglish |
We arelearningEnglish |
He islearningEnglish |
|
Negative |
I am notlearningEnglish |
We aren’tlearningEnglish |
He isn’tlearningEnglish |
|
Questions |
AmI learningEnglish? Yes, I am. No, Iam not. Why amI learningEnglish? |
Arewe learningEnglish? Yes, we are. No, wearen’t. Why arewe learningEnglish? |
Ishe learningEnglish? Yes, he is. No, heisn’t. Why ishe learningEnglish? |
The present continuous tense describes an activity happening now (at the moment of speech, during the current period). The following adverbs may be signals of the present continuous tense: now, at the moment, at present.
E.g.She is wearing a coat today.
I’m writing now.
Note: some verbs, such as:like, love, hate, know, understand, want, prefer, realize, suppose, mean, believe, see, hear, remember, belong, contain, consist, depend, seem are not normally used in continuous tenses. Simple tenses are used instead.
Ex. 1. Make the sentences negative and interrogative (yes/no questions).
She is writing a letter now.
They are having dinner.
It is raining.
I am watching television at the moment.
The sun is shining brightly today.
The bus is coming.
Pat is listening to the radio.
They are playing the piano.
We are running.
I am speaking English now.
Ex. 2. Insert am/ is/ are/ am not/ isn’t/ aren’t.
I…trying to concentrate.
… David working today?
We…having a good time now.
She…ill. She…working now.
He…looking for a job.
It…getting late.
My friends…having a rest now. They…working.
Colin … walking at the moment.
They can’t go out. It … snowing heavily now.
Your English … getting better.
Ex. 3. Put the words in the correct order.
is/a/John/coat/wearing/new.
the/what/doing/are/people?
you/to/are/me/listening?
fine/I/feeling/am.
not/is/he/the/at/staying/hotel.
they/not/a/learning/are/language/foreign.
Spanish/is/now/speaking/she?
working/you/today/hard/are.
to/I/going/am/bed.
is/enjoying/not/party/she/the.
Ex. 4. Answer the questions. Give full answers.
1. What are you doing now?
How are you feeling today?
Who are you listening to?
What lesson are you having now?
What is your friend reading now?
What language are you learning?
What is the teacher doing now?
What are the students writing?
What are you wearing?
Who is looking at you?
Ex. 5. Translate the following sentences into English.
Что вы сейчас делаете? - Мы читаем текст.
Что ты читаешь?
Куда он едет? – Он едет на работу.
Сейчас идет снег.
Посмотрите! Кто-то пытается открыть Вашу машину.
Поторопитесь! Наш поезд уже подходит.
Мария сейчас на кухне. Она готовит обед.
Где Елена? – Она сейчас работает в офисе.
Том и Анна разговаривают в кафе.
Сейчас он не учит испанский.