TPA Dc. 2014 BOOK 3_CLIMATE CHANGE
.pdf
Average Solar Radiation = 342 W/m2
11 |
Book 3 - GHG |
Global Energy Flows (W/m2) (1)
Source: Kiehl & Trenberth
Bulletin of Meteorological Association
12 |
Book 3 - GHG |
Global Energy Flows (W/m2) (2)
Natural greenhouse effect = 390 - 235 = 155 W/m2
13 |
Book 3 - GHG |
Atmospheric contributions to Greenhouse Effect Radiative Forcing
Water vapor 55%
Other green-
house gases
30% Clouds
15%
Natural
(155 W/m2)
Halocarb,
12%
Stratosph. Ozone
|
13% |
|
N2O |
CO2 |
5% |
|
|
53% |
CH4 |
|
17% |
Anthropogenic
(2.8 W/m2)
14 |
Book 3 - GHG |
Radiative Forcing is increasing
Source: IPCC 5th Assessment Synthesis Report November 2014 |
|
15 |
Book 3 - GHG |
Energy Accumulation on Earth
Source: IPCC 5th Assessment Synthesis Report November 2014 |
|
16 |
Book 3 - GHG |
Various anthropogenic effects
Various effects: CO2 Energy is the most important
Other contributors: CO2 other industrial processes (cement manufacture,….), CH4, Ozone, N2O, F- gases (HFC’s, PFC’s, SF6,…)
Contribution of land use, land use change and forestry.
In this document, focus is done on CO2 Energy.
To convert tC into tCO2, multiply by 3,67
Note: Forestry and other land use (FOLU) 17 |
Book 3 - GHG |
Global Anthropogenic GHG Emissions CO2 Energy is the most important contributor
Source: IPCC 5th Assessment Synthesis Report November 2014 |
|
18 |
Book 3 - GHG |
GHG Concentrations
Source: IPCC 5th Assessment Synthesis Report November 2014 |
|
19 |
Book 3 - GHG |
GHG Emissions by Sectors
Source: IPCC 5th Assessment Synthesis Report November 2014 |
|
20 |
Book 3 - GHG |