- •Music in the Modern World western music of the twentieth century (general survey)
- •Discussion Activities Questions on the Text
- •Discussion Points
- •Additional Assignments
- •Some twentieth-century composers arnold schoenberg (1874-1951)
- •The composer speaks: arnold schoenberg
- •Discussion Activities Questions on the Text
- •Discussion Points
- •Bela bartok (1881-1945)
- •Discussion Activities Questions on the Text
- •Questions about Bartok
- •Discussion Points
- •Paul hindemith: his life and work (1895-1963)
- •The composer speaks: paul hindemith
- •Discussion Activities Questions on the Text
- •Discussion Points
- •Electronic music
- •Discussion Activities Questions on the Text
- •Questions about Stravinsky
- •Additional Assignments
- •Britten's operas
- •The composer speaks: benjamin broten
- •Discussion Activities Questions on the Text
- •Questions about Britten
- •Additional Assignments
- •Menotti. The opera composer
- •The composer speaks: gian carlo menotti
- •Discussion Activities Comprehension Questions and Points for Discussion
- •Additional Assignments
- •Michael tippett: a child of our time
- •30 Questions on the Text
- •Experimental (avant-garde) music
- •Olivier messiaen
- •Discussion Activities Questions on the Text
- •Discussion Points
- •Additional Assignments
- •George ligeti (b. 1923)
- •Karlheinz stockhausen
- •35 Discussion Activities Questions on the Text about Ligeti
- •About Stockhausen and Experimental Composers
- •Questions about Western Music of the 20th Century
- •Points for Discussion and Written Compositions
- •Popular music rock
- •Points about rock
- •Discussion Activities Comprehension Questions and Points for Discussion
- •Additional Assignments
- •Elvis presley - story of a superstar
- •Discussion Activities Comprehension Questions and Points for Discussion
- •The beatles
- •Comprehension Questions and Points for Discussion
- •English and American Musical History english music (general survey)
- •1. Opera.
- •2. Performing groups.
- •3. Festivals.
- •4. Education.
- •Discussion Activities Questions on the Text
- •The golden age in england
- •The english virginal school
- •Virginal music composers. William Byrd (1542-1623)
- •Byrd in his time and ours
- •English madrigalists
- •"The british orpheus"
- •Comprehension Questions and Points for Discussion
- •56 American music (general survey)
- •61 Charles ives, the first truly american composer (1874-1954)
- •Charles ives and american folk music
- •Comprehension Questions and Points for Discussion
- •The relation of jazz to american music
- •Louis armstrong
- •The swing era (duke ellington)
- •Spirituals
- •Comprehension Questions and Points for Discussion
- •The Art of Musical Interpretation the problem of interpretation
- •Discussion Activities Questions on the Text
- •Questions for Discussion
- •Additional Assignments
- •Conducting
- •The art of conducting
- •Questions on the Text
- •Some musical encounters
- •Questions on the Text
- •86 Leonard bernstein
- •Comprehension Questions and Points for Discussion
- •Herbert von karajan
- •Interview with herbert von karajan
- •The art of piano playing: glenn gould
- •Interview with glenn gould
- •Comprehension Questions and Points for Discussion
- •The art of violin playing: eugene ysaye
- •Comprehension Questions and Points for Discussion
- •The world of opera handel in performance
- •Franco zeffirelli: the romantic realist
- •La divina: maria callas
- •Callas remembered
- •Comprehension Questions and Points for Discussion
- •Peter pears: ronald crichton speaks
- •Discussion Activities Comprehension Questions and Points for Discussion
- •Notes Page 5
- •Page 21
- •Page 31
- •Page 32
- •Page 34
- •Page 35
- •Page 37
- •Page 39
- •Page 46
- •Page 47
- •Page 48
- •Page 49
- •Page 52
- •Page 53
- •Page 54
- •Page 57
- •Page 58
- •Page 59
- •Page 60
- •Page 61
- •Page 62
- •Page 63
- •Page 65
- •Page 66
- •Page 111
- •Page 112
- •Sources
- •Contents
Page 49
Webster, John (1580?-1625?) - English dramatist. Collaborated with Dekker and other dramatists in a number of comedies. His tragedies show that he approached in tragic power nearest of his
128
contemporaries Shakespeare; they arc The White Devil, The Duchess of Malfl
Raleigh, Sir Walter (1552?-1618) - English courtier, navigator, colonizer, and writer. Author of History of the World (1614) and many essays on political subjects.
Gilbert, William (1540-1603) - English physicist and court physician; hypothesized that the earth is a magnet
Harvey, William (1578-1657) - English physician; discovered blood circulation ' .,
chest of viols - any complete set of 6 viols of different sizes (so called because they were usually stored in a specially built chest or cupboard)
Page 52
Cantiones - песнопения
in a dishevelled state - (зд.) в хаотичном состоянии
verse anthem - an anthem in which solo voice and full chorus are contrasted
Page 53
galliard - lively dance, from the 15th c. or earlier, in simple triple time. Often paired and contrasted with the slower pavan (see below)
Greensleeves - old English tune twice mentioned by Shakespeare in The Merry Wives of Windsor and by other writers of this and later periods
pavan - a dance of Italian origin, popular in the 16th and 17th c., in simple duple time. Usually paired with the galliard and their association was the origin of the suite. Some 19th and 20th c. composers have written works to which they gave the name Pavan, e.g. Fauré's Pavane, Ravel's Pavane pour une enfante défunte (i.e. "for a dead Princess")
Sidney, Philip (1554-1586) - English poet, statesman and soldier
Desprès, Josquin (c. 1440-1521) - Flemish composer, pupil of Okeghem. Wrote 3 volumes of masses, over 100 motets, and many chansons.
Page 54
Fellowes, E.H. (1870-1951) - English musicologist and editor. Edited the complete works of Byrd in 20 volumes.
Page 57
New World - North and South America
129
Der Freischütz (Germ.) - The Freeshooter, opera in 3 acts by Weber (libretto by F. Kind), produced in Berlin in 1821
New England - the northeastern United States, comprising the states of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island
Page 58
Declaration of Independence - a proclamation by the Second Continental Congress declaring the 13 American colonies politically independent from Great Britain, formally adopted July 4, 1776
"armonica" - glass harmonica, an instrument invented (or perhaps only improved) by Benjamin Franklin in 1763, in which a series of graded glass disks, shaped like saucers, are fixed on a horizontal spindle which is made to revolve by foot action. The sound is produced by a delicate friction of the fingers against the glass rims, which are kept wet. The instrument was extraordinarily popular, particularly in Germany and Austria.
The American Revolution - the war fought between Great Britain and her colonies in North America (1775-83) by which the colonies won independence
Civil War - in the US, the war between The Union (the North) and the Confederacy (the South) from 1861 to 1865