5.4.6 Test Instrument Calibration

Instrument calibration for RTDs and pressure transmitters are normally performed by a calibration laboratory. Before beginning a test :

5.4.6.1Ensure all equipment is calibrated and displays a current calibration sticker.

5.4.6.2If field calibration is required, obtain procedure for field calibration from Test Engineer.

5.5Data Collection

Whereas the Acquisition System takes care of most of the required data readings, additional data must be collected by trained technicians. Data required includes:

5.5.1Data Acquisition System Data (Sample copy enclosed)

5.5.2Control Room Data (Sample copy enclosed)

5.5.3Station Service Data

5.5.4Obtain Field Data Sheets from Test Engineer

5.5.5Test Duration and Frequency of Observations

Each test run must be conducted for a minimum of forty minutes for the purpose of data collection. A shorter time period is acceptable provided automated data acquisition is used. The frequency of readings if a manual test is conducted is 5 minute intervals per parameter measured.

5.5.6Data Verification

The Test Engineer, during the course of the test, should compare historical performance curves showing the expected value of the critical test measurements plotted as a of mainstream or feed water flow, as appropriate. These plots will allow the Test Engineer to determine gross error in data being collected.

5.6Results

Turbine efficiency is calculated using enthalpy-drop method if ASME –PTC 6S Report, simplified procedures for Routine Performance Tests of Steam Turbines.

Additionally turbine efficiency calculations may be checked using PEPSE.

5.6.1Calculation of the Turbine Cycle Heat Rate.

5.6.1.1Calculation of turbine cycle heat rate requires determination of the reheat steam flow.

5.6.1.2Turbine cycle heat rate is defined as:

Q1 (H1- h1) + Q2 (H3 - H2)

Gross Generator Output

Where: Q1 = Main Steam Flow

H1 = Main Steam Enthalpy

h1 = Feedwater Enthalpy

Q2 = Reheat Steam Flow

H3 = Hot Reheat Enthalpy

H2 = Cold Reheat Enthalpy

5.7Analysis

The control and data acquisition computer automatically corrects data obtained to standard operating conditions.

5.7.1Method of Trending Results

The data given below should be plotted following each test run to allow monitoring performance trends:

Main Steam Pressure (turbine end) Corrected First Stage Pressure Corrected HP Turbine Exhaust Pressure

Corrected Hot Reheat Pressure (turbine end) Main Steam Temperature (turbine end)

Hot Reheat Temperature (turbine end) IP Turbine Exhaust Temperature Condenser Pressure

Gross Generator Output

Main Steam or Feedwater Flow Superheater Spray

Reheater Spray

HP Turbine Efficiency

IP Turbine Efficiency

5.7.2For analysis of test data, the fault tree given in Volume-I of this document may be referred.

5.8Report

The results report should include a narrative describing any unusual findings as well as the following :

5.8.1Executive Summary

5.8.2Objective

5.8.3Scope

5.8.4Background

5.8.5Test Methodology

5.8.6Results

5.8.7Discussion

5.8.8Conclusions

5.8.9Recommendations

5.8.10Acknowledgments

5.8.11References

5.8.12Complete Set of Appendices Appendix A: Analysis and Results Appendix B: Test Data

Appendix C: Test Equipment and Instrumentation Appendix D: Test and Unit Specifications

Typical HP / IP Turbine Efficiency Test Pre – Test Check Sheet

Notes / Special Conditions: