attachments_01-06-2012_20-54-12 / 14

В: 5 p.m.

С: 11 p.m.

How many hours is Moscow ahead of London during the summer?

A: 2

B: 3

C: 4

If you want to use your Business Telecard International, you have to

If you want to make a cheaper daytime call, you should

If you want to know the time in the country you're calling, you should

If you use your Telecard to make a local call you must

A: change to DST

B: ask the operator

C: use a card phone

D: phone on a Sunday

E: make a direct dialling call

F: pay extra

G: call back when the line is free

H: phone late at night

Transparent Roofs

The reconstruction of the glass roof of the State Department Store, better known as GUM, in Red Square has been completed. GUM is located in the building of what once used to be the Upper Trading Stalls, built in 1893 and designed by Alexander Pomerantsev. The building consists of three lengthwise aisles. The glass-filled ceilings were made after the design of engineer Vladimir Shukhov. (Incidentally, Shukhov's designs were also used in building the radio tower on

28

Shabolovka Street, when is commonly known as Shukhov Tower, the Main Post Office and rotating stage of the Moscow Art Theatre.

The architects of the Mosproyekt-2 design office decided not merely to repair the unique ceiling, but also to restore it to its original shape. They wanted to make the roof safer, since the glass used in the old structure was ordinary and simple glass. This time it was decided to use special glass capable of bearing heavy loads and bursting into small fragments in the event of a heavy blow.

Besides, the size of the windows was enlarged and the number of individual panes was reduced from 50.000 to 24.000.

Special aluminium frames were made, their profile having been reduced to the minimum.

Reconstruction of the glass ceiling above the famous Petrovsky Passage is also planned.

The manager's role

Our society is made up of all kinds of organizations, such as companies; government departments, unions, hospitals, school, libraries, and the like. They are essential to our existence, helping to create our standard of living and our quality of life. In all these organizations, there are people carrying out the work of a manager although they do not have that title. The vice-chancellor of a university, the president of a students' union or chief librarian are all managers. They have a responsibility to use the resources of their organization effectively and economically to achieve its objectives.

Are there certain activities common to all managers? Can we define the task of a manager? A French industrialist, Henry Fayol, wrote in 1916a classic definition of the manager's role. He said that to manage is 'to forecast and plan, to organize, to

29