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- •Введение
- •1. Art styles
- •1. Read and translate the words
- •2. Complete the definitions by using the words from exercise 1
- •3. Define the style of the following objects of art and architecture. Use your ideas and the definitions of art styles and explain your choice
- •3. Choose any art style and describe it using the following phrases:
- •2. Reading
- •1. Correct the false sentences
- •2. Choose the right words and complete the following sentences
- •3. Answer the following questions
- •4. Translate the sentences into English. Use words and phrases from the text “The Renaissance” and ex.3, p.7
- •5. Use the following clichés and write the retelling of the text “The Renaissance”
- •1. Read the text and fill in the chart below about the main features of the Baroque and Rococo Baroque and Rococo
- •2. Choose the sentences which correspond to the contents of the text
- •3. Answer the questions
- •2. Answer the questions
- •3. Use the clichés from ex. 5, p. 14 and write the retelling of the text “High-tech style”
- •Futurism
- •3. Types of design
- •2. Find the English equivalents in the text
- •7. Use the clichés from ex. 5, p. 14 and write the retelling of the text “High-tech style”.
- •1. Read the text
- •Industrial Design
- •2. Find the English equivalents in the text
- •3. True or false?
- •4. Answer the questions to the text:
- •5. What word is not a synonym?
- •8. Use the clichés from ex. 5, p. 14 and write the retelling of the text “High-tech style”
- •Список литературы
- •Содержание
3. Define the style of the following objects of art and architecture. Use your ideas and the definitions of art styles and explain your choice
I think that the building is constructed in the style of … , because … .
I think that the picture is painted in the style of … , because … .
Example:
Cubism - a style of modern art in which an object or person is shown as a set of geometric shapes and as if seen from many different angles at the same time.
Ithink that the picture is painted in the style of cubism, becausethe
object (the person) is shown as a set of geometric shapes.
1) 2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
3. Choose any art style and describe it using the following phrases:
… appeared in the… century
it covered the period of … years (centuries)
… was a trend (tendency) in fine arts (literature, architecture) in the … century
the representatives of this style are/were …
the representatives of the style use/used …
the best traditions of the style are/were …
the most expressive evidence of the style is …
architectural models designed in the style are …
the striking example(s) of this style in painting (literature, sculpture, architecture) is (are) …
characteristic properties / typical features of the style are …
the style affirms principles of …
the style is connected with …
… distinguish(es) / characterize(s) this style
2. Reading
Text 1
Pretext exercises
1. Read the following words. Mind their meaning
treatise трактат
device средство
immediate непосредственный, немедленный
comprehension понимание
ribbed ребристый, рифленый
austere строгий, простой, чистый
perfection безупречность, совершенство
transept поперечный неф
lantern фонарь верхнего света
spectator зритель, очевидец
length длина
width ширина
height высота
2. Read the following verbs. Pay attention to the principal forms
to succeed ( - ed; - ed) следовать за чем-либо, наследовать
to evolve ( - ed; - ed) развиваться
to derive ( - ed; - ed) происходить
to find (found; found) находить
to cause ( - ed; - ed) вызывать, являться результатом
to encourage ( - ed; - ed) ободрять, поощрять, поддерживать
to become (became; become) становиться
to assume ( - ed; - ed) принимать, предполагать
to demolish ( - ed; - ed) разрушать, сносить
3. Find proper translation to the following words
style, classical, dominant, to characterize, order, arch, symmetrical, harmony, composition, proportion, human, perspective, expression, mass, interior, exterior, element, to formulate, column, portion, sphere, manner, façade, plan, altar, diameter, motif
4. Choose the proper English word
1) средство a) style b) device c) composition
2) зритель a) spectator b) interior c) successor
3) ширина a) diameter b) width c) height
4) понимание a) portion b) manner c) comprehension
5) трактат a) treatise b) motif c) order
6) длина a) exterior b) length c) perspective
7) поперечный неф a) pilaster b) sphere c) transept
5. Find English equivalents for the following Russian words
A непосредственный, строгий, ребристый, развиваться, вызывать, происходить, предполагать, наследовать, разрушать, поддерживать
В to assume, to encourage, ribbed, to demolish, to derive, immediate, to succeed, to evolve, austere, to cause
6. Form all possible word combinations
A architectural B buildings
classical element
ancient proportions
symmetrical device
round perspective
pictorial style
linear art
basic arch
austere composition
7. Read the following word combinations and translate them into Russian
rebirth of classical art; to derive from two sources; ancient classical buildings; to use classical orders; proportions of the human body; pictorial device of perspective; definition of architectural space; immediate and full comprehension; well–organized urban spaces; great skill; interior of buildings; linear perspective; basic element; fluted pilasters; unribbed vaults; the austere façade; the highest degree of perfection; Christian world
Reading
The Renaissance
This architectural style developed in early 15th century Italy during the rebirth of classical art and learning. It succeeded the Gothic as the style dominant in all of Europe after the mid 16th century into classicism.
Knowledge
of the classical style in architecture was derived during the
Renaissance from two sources: the ancient classical buildings,
particularly in Italy but also in France and Spain and the treatise
“De architectura” by the Roman architect Vitruvius. Initially it
was characterized by the use of the classical orders, round arches,
and symmetrical composition.
The
Renaissance architects found a harmony between the proportions of the
human body and those of their architecture. There was even a
relationship between architectural proportions and the Renaissance
pictorial device of perspective.
The concern1 of these architects for proportion caused that clear, measured2 expression and definition of architectural space and mass that differentiates the Renaissance style from the Gothic and encourages3 in the spectator an immediate and full comprehension of the building.
Churches, palaces, gardens, and well-organized open, urban spaces are the architectural works most often associated with this time. Great skill was expressed in ordering the interior of buildings, frequently using the same motifs as had been traditionally associated with the exterior.
Filippo
Brunelleschi4
(1377-1446) is said to have created the Renaissance. In the early
15th
century
he formulated linear perspective, which was to become a basic element
of Renaissance art. His basic vocabulary – fluted pilasters
carrying entablatures5,
columns supporting arches, unribbed vaults which are portions of the
surface of a sphere – appears in his brilliant work, Ospedale degli
Innocenti6
(1419-51) in Florence. It was the first building in the Renaissance
manner.
The
austere Tuscan Doric7
façade of Donato Bramante’s (1444-1514) Tempietto San Pietro8
in Montorio (1502) symbolized the beginning of the early 16th
century
High Renaissance in Rome.
The
Italian Renaissance is assumed to have achieved the highest degree of
perfection at that time. In 1505 Pope9
Julius II decided to demolish Old St. Peter’s and to build St.
Peter’s Cathedral, the work of many architects, beginning with
Bramante, whose ground plan10
was later changed from a Greek cross to a Latin cross. St. Peter’s
Cathedral is the largest church in the high Christian world. It has
29 altars in addition to the high altar, interior length 187 m.,
width at front, 26,5 m., length of transept, 137 m. The dome
(diameter, 42 m., height, 123 m. to the top of the lantern) was built
by Michelangelo.