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Ex. 4. Complete the sentences

1.The Korean Peninsula lies … .

2.The total population of Korea is … .

3.The Korea's history dates back … .

4.The capital-city of South Korea Seoul has … .

5.The Korea's climate is … .

Ex. 5. Say whether these statements are true or false

1.From 1948, the peninsula was divided into two parts; the Republic of Korea in the north and the democratic People's Republic of Korea in the South.

2.The democratic People's Republic of Korea is in the south.

3.Korea has a large number of rivers and lakes.

4.The total area of the Korean peninsula is about the size of England and Scotland combined.

5.Korea enjoys a variety of different weather types.

Ex. 6. Answer the questions. Work with a map Korea

1.Where is the Korean Peninsula situated? How far does it stretch?

2.What countries does it border on?

3.What parts has the peninsula been divided into since 1948?

4.What is the total area of the peninsula?

5.How many people inhabit the peninsula?

6.What proves that Korea has varied terrain?

7.What's Mt. Packtusan famous for?

8.What weather does Korea enjoy in spring and in autumn?

9.When does the Peninsula have the heaviest rains?

10.What is a high pressure zone in winter caused by? 11.Is winter in South Korea the same as it is in the North? 12.What season is the time for harvest and thanksgiving?

The Economy of Korea

The means of production are socialized, and priorities and emphases in economic development are set by the government. The economy is selfsufficient except for industrial needs such as fuel and machinery.

Korea contains about 90 percent of all known mineral deposits on the peninsula. It is estimated that 200 minerals are of economic value, including gold, graphite, magnesite (magnesium carbonate), and molybdenum (a metallic element used in hardening steel).

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Iron ore reserves are of high grade at Twanghae province and South P'yongan province. Rich deposits of hard coal occur along the Taldong River and there are small amounts of brown coal at Aoji and Anju. The northern part of the country contains large forest reserves of larch, spruce, and pine trees. Most of the coastal slopes have been excessively deforested, however, and reforestation programs stress economic forestry. Hydroelectric power resources were developed highly along the Yalu River and its upper tributaries. Power production is based mainly on hydroelectricity, but thermal electricity is becoming important because of the deficiency of hydroelectric power during the dry season. Despite small agricultural contribution resulting from the labour shortage and low productivity, there has been an increase in cultivated land, irrigation projects, chemical fertilizer supplies, and mechanization through the government program of socialization.

The form units are controlled by management committees, which issue orders to the work teams, set the type and amount of seed and fertilizer to be used, and establish production quotas. Produce is delivered to the government, which controls distribution through state stores. Each farmer is paid for his labour in money and is allowed to keep chickens, bees, fruit trees, and a garden.

The main food crops are grains, such as rice, corn (maize), millet, barley, and wheat. Although the production of grain has been increasing, it still must be imported. Sweet potatoes, soybeans, and fruit trees are raised extensively. Industrial crops include tobacco, cotton, and flax.

The sea is the main source of protein for Koreans, and the government has continually expanded commercial fishing. The annual marine catch includes mackerel, pollack, tuna and seaweed.

The economic development plans stress improvement of mining and manufacturing. Heavy industry, including chemical, metal, and machinery industries, continues to be developed and constitutes about one-third of all industrial products in value. The textile industry has been the most important single industry in terms of value and employment, although its share of the market has decreased. Korea's principal export markets are the United States, Japan, and Southeast Asian countries.

Vocabulary

priority – приоритет

self-sufficient – самостоятельный, самообеспеченный to estimate – оценивать

larch – лиственница spruce – ель

pine – сосна deforested – безлесный

reforestation – посаженные леса

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forestry – лесное хозяйство, лесоводство hydroelectric power station – гидроэлектростанция deficiency – нехватка, недостаток

shortage – дефицит, нехватка socialization – обобществление orders – заказы

to establish – устанавливать distribution – распределение crops – культура

grain – зерно (хлеб) corn (maize) – кукуруза millet – просо

barley – ячмень wheat – пшеница flax – лен

mackerel – скумбрия

value – величина, ценность, стоимость

Ex. 1. Make the correct form of the verb in brackets, using Present or Past Simple, Active Voice

1.Korea (to contain) about 80 to 90 percent of all Known mineral deposits on the peninsula.

2.Most valued minerals in Korea (to include) gold, graphite, magnesite and molybdenum.

3.Over the last years Korea (to develop) highly its hydroelectric power resources.

4.Heavy industry (to constitute) about one-third of all industrial products in

value.

5.Over the last decades Korea continually (to expand) commercial fishing.

Ex. 2. Make the correct form of the verb in brackets, using Present or Past Simple, Passive Voice

1.In the late 60s most of the coastal slopes in Korea excessively (to deforest).

2.Power production in Korea (to base) mainly on hydroelectricity.

3.Some years ago the form units in Korea (to control) by management committees.

4.Now each farmer (to pay) for his labour in money and (to allow) to keep poultry and horticulture.

5.The marine products in Korea (to sell) in large quantities.