4907

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1.What names does Lazarus give to the Statue of Liberty?

2.Do the words which Lazarus has the statue speak reflect America’s ideas, beliefs and the policy of the US government in the 1880s? Explain

3.Is there any monument in Russia which best reflects Russia’s ideas and beliefs, or characterizes your country’s policy ?

UNIT 4 THE SOUTH (pp. 24 – 29)

Place Names and Ethnic Words

Кеntucky [ken`taki] (Bluegrass State “Штат голубой травы”), Arkansas [`a: kэnso:, a:`kэnzэs] (Land of Opportunity “Страна возможностей”), North Carolina [kеэrэ`lainэ] (Tar Heеl State “Штат чернопяточников”), Roleigh [`roli], South

Carolina (Palmetto State “Пальметтовый штат”), Tennessee [tenэ`si:] – Теннеси

(Volunteer State “Штат добровольцев”), Луизиана [luizi`э:nэ] (Pelican State

“Пеликаний штат”), Baton Rough [`bэtn `ru:z] – Батон-Руж, New Orleans [`o:liэnz]

– Новый Орлеан, Virginia (Old Dominion State “Штат старого доминиона”), French Quarter – Французский квартал, Mississippi (“Magnolia State “Магнолиевый штат”), Florida [`flo:ridэ] (Sunshine State “Солнечный штат”), Tallahassee [tэlэ`hэ:si] – Таллахасси, Alabama (Yellowhammer State “Штат птицы

Vocabulary and Cultural Literacy List

1.hospitality – generosity, warmth, welcome, graciousness – гостеприимство,

радушие

2.cheerleading – the activity of being a cheerleader – group of young women, who shout and dance to encourage the crowd to cheer at a sport event; strong support of a person, organization, or idea = backing

3.put on airs –behave in a way so that to impress people and seem important; show off – важничать, задирать нос, выпендриваться

4.fine – an amount of money that you have to pay because you have broken the law –

штраф

5.valor – bravery, courage, fearlessness – доблесть

6.supervise – to be in charge of a person or group of people and to check that they are behaving or working correctly, or that things are done correctly; oversee, direct, manage – контролировать, присматривать

7.have a tipple – have an alcoholic drink

8.bulwark (against) – оплот, защита

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9.relentless – s/th bad unlikely to stop or improve – неумолимый, непреклонный

10.decrepit –old and no longer in good condition – дряхлеющий

11.anguish – feeling of great physical or emotional pain, ache – боль, мука

12.peril – danger – опасность, риск; perilous (adj)

13.gambling – an activity in which you risk money in the hope of winning more money if you are lucky or if you guess s/th correctly, a situation in which you take risk on s/th that can give you important benefit (on the stock market) – азартная игра,

рискованное предприятие; gamble (v.)

14.integral = vital - needed to make an essential part of s/th complete –

неотъемлемый, обязательный

15.acclaim – to publicly praise s/one for a major achievement – признавать; acclaimed – talked or written about in an admiring way – praised, welcome –

признанный

16.hillbilly (American offensive) of s/one who lives in the country and is not very well educated, rockabilly – a type of music that is a mixture of early rock’n’roll and traditional country or country and western music containing singing, guitars and violins

17.inspiration – a sudden feeling of enthusiasm, or a new idea that helps you to do or create sth impulse, motivation, incentive –вдохновение; inspire (v.); inspiring – making you feel enthusiastic or excited about sth; inspired – very special or impressive

18.flooding – a situation in which water from a river or from rain covers large areas of land

19.inflict – to cause sth unpleasant (defeat, damage hardship, harm, suffering, etc) to happen; give, deliver, impose, levy – навлечь, причинить, налагать; inflict one’s wrath – обрушить свой гнев

19.fragile –easy to break or damage, not very strong; getting upset of losing confidence very easily – delicate, weak, breakable – хрупкий. Ant. sturdy, strong

20.loot – to steal things from houses or shops during a war or after a disaster (a fire or flood); to plunder, rob – грабить, уносить добычу; looter (n.)

21.arson – illegal use of fire to destroy a house or property – поджог

22.horrendous – extremely bad or shocking; so much or large that it shocks or upsets you – ужасающий

23.rampant – violent, raging; unchecked – свирепствующий, разнузданный

24.influx – large number of people/things coming to a particular place – наплыв,

приток

25.shelter (n) – refuge, protection – приют, кров, убежище, укрытие; cf resort – holiday spot, restplace, relief, refuge – посещаемое место отдыха, курорт;

прибежище, утешение; resort to – turn to – обращение (за помощью)

26.dismiss – to refuse to accept that s/th might be true or important – отбросить = reject; discharge, release; fire, sack – уволить. Ant. hire, employ, engage

26.exaggerate – make sth seem larger, better, worse, more important that it really is –

преувеличивать

27.usher in (v.) – make progress begin – возвестить приход, начало = herald; lead s/one politely s/where; usher (n.) швейцар, билетер

28.pedigree – breed; parents and other family members from the past, all the past experiences or achievements – корни, родословная; порода

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29. conventional – common, usual, regular, accustomed – традиционный, шаблонный. Ant. unusual, extraordinary, bizarre

Dixie [`diksi[ the southern states of the US, that fought against the northern states during the American Civil War; Dixieland – a type of jazz with a strong beat, originally developed in New Orleans in the early 1900s and usually involving a large group of musicians who improvise together

ante`bellum (adj) – happening or existing in the US in the period before the start of the Civil War in 1861

shag dancing/ doing the humpty hump (impolite) – having sex with s/one impersonator –s/one who pretends to be s/one else by copying the way that they look, speak, sing, or behave in order to make people laugh, or entertain people – имитатор,

двойник

Elvis Presley Impersonation Society – Общество двойников Элвиса Пресли

Vocabulary Check

I. Choose between the two alternatives to correctly complete the sentences.

1.The news of the Wrights achievement was widely acclaimed/ discharged as rampant /exaggerated.

2.The hurricane devastated an entire city; the horrendous / fragile damage will take years to repair.

3.The inspiration /anguish of love lost, the perils of gambling / urgency and liquor, and longing for the open road were widely known to cause someone to sing the blues.

4.New Orleans has long been an usher / inspiration to soulful writers, artists and musicians.

5.The rampant / integral anarchy wrought by Katrina irreparably damaged America’s reputation.

6.The University of the South is an increasingly rare opposition / bulwark against the relentless / immense spread of McUniversity-style education in the USA.

7.In the South they collect monetary pedigree / fines from strangers who misspeak.

8.Gospel and spiritual became cheerleading / integral to worship in black churches.

9.By the 19th century, New Orleans had spread into up to 10 ft below sea level on the fragile/ decrepit shore all along the path of hurricanes.

10.Nature itself seemed to have inflicted / regained her wrath on the world’s most powerful country for not believing in the threats posed by global warming.

11.Only four newspapers in the USA carried news of the Wrights achievement – news widely dismissed as conventional / exaggerated.

12.Sunshine State became the place of recreation and inspiration / retirement: the middle and upper classes from the North were followed by an inflow / influx of Latin Americans.

II. Fill the blanks with the words from the vocabulary list that correctly complete the sentence. Use the words in an appropriate form. Which word is the One Odd Out?

anguish, dismiss, conventional, pedigree, shelter, acclaimed, fine, hospitality, supervise

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1.Her latest play has been a success and widely ___ by critics. (acclaimed)

2.We were delighted by the wonderful ___ of the local people. (hospitality)

3.He dreamed of a ___ marriage with a wife and kids. (conventional)

4.We shouldn’t ___ these ideas just because they are unfamiliar. (dismiss)

5.His job was to ___ the loading of the ship. (supervise)

6.We took ___ from the rain in the nearby café. (shelter)

7.I got a $100 ___ for speeding. ( fine)

8.The rejection filled him with ___.(anguish)

Comprehension Check

I.Complete these sentences. Circle the letter of the correct answer.

1.Contrary to the image many have of the South, …

a)the region is noted for its little sense of community

b)blacks are not in a majority

c)it preserves the Swedish and Danish traditions

2.In the South, … is the most important distinguishing feature of a lady.

a)the family background

b)loose manners

c)putting on airs

3.Down here the old man you chatter with pays more attention to the fact that …

a)you call him sir

b)you defer to his lady when she speaks

c)you have a tipple in front of a cracking fire place

4.The campus is the sort of place where …

a)students attend class in flip-flops and pajamas

b)students are strictly supervised when taking tests

c)you sign a honor code

5.African rhythms, slaves’ work songs, English ballades, and Southern spirituals mixed together formed the …

a)hillbilly

b)country

c)blues

6.The world’s longest cave system is in …

a)Alabama

b)Mississippi

c)Kentucky

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7.Arkansas got its nickname Land of Opportunity for …

a)its warm climate and rich soil

b)coal and oil deposits

c)cotton plantations

8.New Orleans has been known to the world as the Big Easy because …

a)it was easy to find work there for African-Americans

b)it was easy to make a million by gambling

c)that was the name of the river the city was founded on

9.Sunshine State is the nickname for …

a)South Carolina

b)Florida

c)Georgia

10.The interesting peculiarity of … is that it’s located below sea level.

a)Atlanta

b)Memphis

c)New Orleans

11.Cape Canaveral has developed into the most important …

a)place for retirement

b)space research center

c)gambling center

12.George Washington lived and farmed in …

a)Mount Vernon, Virginia

b)Monticello, Virginia

c)Kitty Hawk, North Carolina

II. Answer the questions (p.29).

III. Explain the following words and phrases. What associations do you think of in connection with:

Dixie, hillbilly, cheerleading club, CoCola, to have a tipple, McUniversity-style education, flip-flops, gospel, spiritual, R&B, Elvis Presley Impersonation Society, the

Big Easy, Katrina’s deadly strike, grits, the Wrights invention

QUIZ 2 (Units 3 – 4 pp. 19 – 30)

UNIT 5 THE MIDWEST AND THE SOUTHWEST (pp.30 – 36)

Place Names and Ethnic Words:

Minnesota [minэ`soutэ] – Миннесота (North Star State “Штат Северной звезды”), Missouri [mi`zuэri] – Миссури (Show-Me State “Штат, на слово не верящий”), Wisconsin [wis`ko:nsin] – Висконсин (Badger State “Барсуковый штат”), Michigan

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13.aficionado – s/one who is very interested in s/th and knows a lot about it – дока,

спец, авторитет

14.tough and rough (guy) – strong, strict and well-determined man who can deal with difficult or violent situation – крутой

15.pioneer – (1)one of the first people to travel to a new country and start living there, esp. one of the first Europeans to start living in North America – первый поселенец; (2)one of the first people to do sth important that is later continued and developed by other people – новатор, инициатор, зачинатель; pioneer (v) – lead the way –

проложить путь

16.vendor – (1)s/one who sells sth but not in a shop; a company/person that sells a particular product or service – продавец, торговец, продающий товар вразнос;

(2)vending machine – торговый аппарат

16.distribution – the process of supplying goods from one central place to shops; the way to deliver products or services to customers – распределение, поставки

17.co-existence – a situation in which people live together – сосуществование

18.rank (v.) – grade, place – put s/one or sth in a position according to their success, importance, size – числиться, быть в ряду

19.aggressive = assertive, vigorous, energetic – энергичный, динамичный

20.livestock – animals (cows, sheep, pigs ) that are kept on farms – скот

21.precious – valuable, priceless, costly – бесценный, драгоценный

22.assassination – the murder of a famous or important person, esp. for political reasons – (предательское) убийство; теракт; assassin(ator) – наемный убийца;

assassinate (v)

23.elope – go away secretly to get married – сбежать с возлюбленным

24.drive-through – restaurant, bank etc. where you’re served through a special window so you do not have to leave your car

25.marriage license – an official document that two people need to marry – разрешение на брак; cf. marriage certificate – an official document stating that two people are married – свидетельство о браке

26.minister-cum-mistress of ceremonies – ведущий церемоний; minister – in some Protestant churches, s/one whose job is to lead worship and perform other duties

27.slot machine – machine that you put money into in order to play a game = onearmed bandit – игровой автомат; (Br) machine that you put money into in order to buy drinks or chocolate = vending machine

28.downsize – to make a company/organization smaller by reducing the number of workers – проводить сокращение штата; downsized cf. Br. redundant – s/one who has been told to leave their job because they are no longer needed – попавший под сокращение

29.broad-band (computing) - a type of connection to the Internet that allows you to receive or send a lot of information very quickly – сверхскоростной Интернет

30.bedroom communities = dormitory districts – a place from which many people travel / commute to a city to work – спальные районы

31.caution(v.) – to warn s/one officially; to tell s/one about a danger or problem for them to avoid – предупреждать; caution (n.) – an official warning that the police give when they arrest s/one, to tell them that anything they say may be used against

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them; careful thought and lack of hurry to try to avoid risks or danger; a warning that you should be careful

32.mar – destroy, spoil, do harm – погубить

33.buffalo – a large wild animal like a cow, with a large head and thick hair on its neck and shoulders = bison

34.lenient – tolerant, indulging; soft, gentle; Ant. severe, strict – мягкий, снисхо-

дительный

Vocabulary Check

I.Complete the sentences. Circle the letter of the correct answer.

1.The educational … of the Midwest have been high from the beginning.

a)concerns

b)aspirations

2.Chicago is famous for its …

a)stockyards

b)livestock

3.The … damned rock ‘n’ roll as rites of a pagan culture, capable of inducing prehistoric rhythmic trances.”

a)establishment

b)rebels

4.The Gateway Arch was put up to …the opening of the West.

a)hail

b) commemorate

5. A St. Louis sausage… put his sausages on bread instead of giving his customers gloves.

a)vendor

b)slot machine

6.Dallas was the scene of the … of President John F. Kennedy in 1963.

a)annexation

b)assassination

7.Gold and electric lights of Las Vegas shine and attract … .

a)casinos

b)gamblers

8.A wedding march across the Mojave Desert is made from Los Angeles by thousands of people…, stars marrying.

a)eloping

b)downsized

9.… communities house a growing middle class.

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a)broad-bands

b)bedroom

10.President Theodore Roosevelt called the Grand Canyon natural wonder and … his countrymen to preserve it.

a)marred

b)cautioned

II. Match the word with its definition. Write the letter of the correct definition next to each word.

l__1. downsized d__2. drive-through g__3. concern

c__4. establishment j__5. induce

a__6. assassination

h__7. credit s/one with sth

e__8. caution b__9. lenient f__10. elope i__ 11. rebel

k__12. retire

Comprehension Check

I. According to the text, are these sentences TRUE or FALSE? Correct the false statements.

1.Americans have little sense of a particular ethnic heritage, so they do not carry on a family tradition without realizing what the origin of the tradition is.(F)

2.The Midwest is the area referred to as the “heartland.”(T)

3.Chicago is the capital city of Illinois. (F)

4.The University of Chicago is a public institution charted in 1890. (F)

5.Chicago is the headquarters of the country’s car manufacturers. (F)

6.Wisconsin is called the nation’s Dairy Belt. (T)

7.South Dakota is the center of the North American continent. (F)

8.South Dakota is famous for a colossal mountain carving . (T)

9.George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Abraham Lincoln, and Franklin Roosevelt are carved in Mount Rushmore. (F)

10.Harley Davidson is a man who invented the world’s most famous motorcycle. (F)

11.Illinois, Iowa, and Indiana are known as the Corn Belt. (T)

12.Missouri is the only US state with a unicameral legislature. (F)

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13.Nevada is known as the place of illegal gambling and lenient divorce. (F)

14.The Trail of Tears is on top of oil fields. (F)

15.The Grand Canyon is in Arizona. (T)

II. What associations do you think of in connection with …”?

Rags-to-riches hero; hogster; drive-through; bedroom community; pioneer; establishment

II. Answer the questions on page 36. III. QUIZ 3 (Unit 5)

UNIT 6 THE PACIFIC SOUTHWEST AND NORTHWEST (37– 46)

Warm-up 1. What is the most populated state in the US: California, Alaska, or Texas? What is the population of the state: about 50 mln, about 25 mln, about 35 mln?

2.What is the biggest state in the US: California, Alaska, or Texas?

3.Which state’s nickname is ‘Golden Gate’: Oregon, Arizona, or California?( gold was found there in the late 1840s)

Place Names and Ethnic Words

Сalifornia [`kэli`fo:njэ] –Golden State “Золотой штат”, Sacramento[sэkrэ`mentou] – Сакраменто, Los Angeles [los`э:ndgэlэs], Yale [jeil] – Йельский университет, Hawaii [hэ`waii:] – Aloha State [э`louhэ] “Штат Алоуа”

The floral emblems of the states:

California – Golden poppy Hawaii –Hibiscus

Vocabulary and Cultural Literacy List

1.`tranquil -quiet, serene – тихий, мирный, спокойный

2.mission – (1)a group or activity of people who are sent to a place by a religious organization to teach people there about a particular religion (the Catholic mission), or to do an important piece of work, to help people who are in trouble or danger (mission of mercy, the UN peacekeeping mission, international community mission); (2)the aim that is very important to a person or organization; missionary – s/one who has been sent by a religious organization – миссионер

3.spur – cause s/th to happen, encourage, stimulate, urge – способствовать, вызвать

4.exceed – be greater than a number or amount – surpass, outdo – превысить

5.amenities – s/th that makes it comfortable or enjoying to live or work somewhere –

все, что способствует хорошему настроению, отдыху; радости жизни, блага

6.procurements – поставки, закупки, приобретение

7.start-ups – small businesses that are just being started

8.whiz – s/one who can do s/th very well – гений (She’s a whiz with the computer); whiz kid – a young kid who is very intelligent or very successful – вундеркинд

9.trade s/th for s/th – exchange s/th for s/th – променять … на …

10.venture – a new business or activity – предприятие

11.merger – the process of combining two companies or organizations to form a bigger one слияние; merge – to combine, to form one bigger organization – слиться