4907

101

25. Philadelphia got its name because it was a city of ethnic diversity.

IV. Guess What State It Is

(1) Some 480 states the size of …… could be carved from Alaska, but the Union’s tiniest member has three times the population of its giant sister. Its population density of 923 per square mile is surpassed only by New Jersey’s. It gets its name from the island in the Old World, though the name is misleading. The capital city got its name from the plantations where Roger Williams in 1636 founded a haven of religious tolerance. It was the last colony to become a state. One of the most industrialized of states, one percent of its population is in agriculture.

(2) The Green Mountains that give ……her French name slant eastward to the

Connecticut River and westward to Lake Champlain. They provide pastures and woodlands for dairy and maple sugar products, plus lakes, and ski runs for vacation homes and lodges that dot the area. The hills have rocky ribs which have furnished granite and marble for among other buildings – the United Nations, US Supreme Court, and headquarters of the National Geographic Society. It was the first state where all men could vote.

(3) In 1850 it became the State of the Union. Many people rushed there in the hope of becoming rich, and some did become. The majority did not. But they stayed there and ever since, the area has grown rapidly. One of its cities situated at the tip of a peninsula, on the Northern coast, is the most picturesque city in the US. Many polls find that this is the city most Americans (nine out of ten!) would love to visit. One of the districts of the city is called after the Russian sailors. In 1906’ earthquake, the fire destroyed four-fifth of the city. In the 1930s, the Oakland Bay and …Bridge were built across the water. Now they are both important symbols of the city.

The area around Stanford University played a very important part in the Hi-Tech revolution of the 1980s. The scientific atmosphere reigning in the State of … is reflected in its motto “Eureka”. The state bird is the valley quail. Its flower is the golden poppy

(разновидность мака) and its tree is the redwood (мамонтовое дерево).

V. What associations do you think of in connection with …?

1.the Big Apple; 2.Wrights’ invention; 3.“E plurubus unum”; 4.“brotherly love”; 5.the

Amish; 6.the Dakota; 7.the Golden Gate Bridge; 8.the Dallas assassination; 9. Dixie; 10.1620;

KEY I.1c; 2.a; 3g; 4i; 5e; 6b; 7h; 8d; 9f; 10j.

KEY II. 1a; 2b; 3c; 4b; 5b; 6a; 7b; 8c; 9b; 10c;11b; 12a; 13c; 14b; 15a;

KEY III. 1F; 2F; 3T; 4F; 5T; 6T; 7F; 8T; 9T; 10T; 11F;12F; 13T; 14T; 15F; 16F; 17F;18F; 19.T; 20F; 21F; 22T; 23F; 24T; 25T;

KEY IV: 1.Rhode Island; 2Vermont; 3 California

KEY V: 1.the nickname for New York City; 2.airplane South Carolina1902; 3.one of the mottos of the USA; 4. Greek name for Philadelphia; 5.the independent community in Lancaster, Pennsylvania/farmers/they don’t want to be a part of the modern world/

Strict and modest life/speak a local German dialect(Pennsylvanian Dutch)/clothes with no buttons; 6.the place on the western side of Central Park, New York City with unusual-looking apartment buildings far from the center / John Lennon was killed

102

outside the building (December 8, 1980); 7. a beautiful suspension bridge, the symbol of San-Francisco, California; 8.35th US President John F. Kennedy was killed in Dallas, 1963; 9. the South/ black music/blues/jazz/ gospel; 10. November 1620/ 102 Pilgrims/the Mayflower/the New World/ the first English colony Plymouth (Massachusetts)

QUIZ (Units 7 – 8 pp 46 – 56)

I. Find the words by their definitions

1.sth that is of little importance

2.to take control of another country by going to live there

3.prolonged argument, esp over moral, social, or political matters

4.to make s/one feel enthusiastic/interested

5.a feeling of being thankful

6.extermination of a race or community by mass murder or by imposing conditions that make survival impossible

7.to carry away s/one by force and unlawfully(esp in order to obtain ransom)

8.to defeat or overcome; take possessions of by force

II. Match the word with its definition.

III. Choose the best answer (a, b, or c) according to the information in the text.

1.Columbus discovered America in …

a.1492

b.1249

c.1429

103

2.Columbus was …

a.a Spanish

b.an Italian

c.a Portuguese

3.The first piece of land Columbus’ men touched was …

a.the island Cuba

b.one of the Bahamas islands

c.Haiti

4.Columbus … touched the mainland of North America

a.has never

b.on his third voyage

c.on his fourth voyage

5. The lands discovered by Columbus …

a.brought gold, silks or spices to Spain

b.did not bring gold, silks or spices

c.did not bring gold but made Columbus’s name instantly famous

6.Columbus Day has been celebrated …since 1971.

a.on the second Monday of October

b.on the fourth Thursday of October

c.on the fourth Monday of November

7.… was the first to reach in 1513 the land of Florida.

a.Scandinavians

b.English and

c.Spanish

8.The Atlantic shore, the Hudson were explored by …

a.the French

b.the Dutch

c.the English

9…. became the first Europeans to reach Nova Scotia (Canada)

a.John Cabot and his men

b.Leif Ericsson and his men

c.John Smith and his name

10.The first settlement established by the English was …

a.Roanoke Island, North Carolina

b.Jamestown

c.Plymouth

104

Key: I.1trifle; 2colonize; 3controversy; 4stir up; 5gratitude; 6genocide; 7kidnap; 8conquer

II. 1c; 2d; 3f; 4a; 5h; 6e; 7g; 8b; 9k; 10i; 11l; 12j; III. 1a; 2b; 3b; 4c; 5b; 6a; 7c; 8b; 9a; 10a;

TEST 1 (Units 10 – 11 pp. 63 – 73)

I. Find the correct words by their definitions.

1.tax that you must pay on sth that you buy, sth that you bring into one country from another country

2.standing firm, withstanding, opposition

3.a large crowd of people that is dangerous or difficult to control; an organized group of criminals

4.the action of killing of a lot of people

5.a plan, letter, or drawing that may have changes made to it before it’s finished

6.complaint about being treated in an unfair way

7.to formally accept a proposal usually by voting

8.s/one who disagrees publicly with a government

9.to give power or authority to act

10.a plan that may have changes made to it

11.the part of government that consists of all the judges and courts in a country II. Choose the word that best defines the italicized word.

1.There were issues about the way the department was organized.

a.misgivings

b.propositions

c.problems

2.The gang leaders finally surrendered to the authorities.

a.gave up

b.empowered

c.adopted

3.This approach will foster an understanding of environmental issues.

a.promote

b.resist

c.supply

4.This officer was authorized to carry a gun.

a.submitted

b.empowered

c.stipulated

5.It’s crucial that all students develop these basic skills.

a.unanimous

b.vital

c.fervent

105

6.He was entitled to create such a bank.

a.resisted

b.convened

c.given the right

7.There’s now a sufficient evidence to prove his claims.

a.obvious

b.unanimous

c.enough

8.The plan must be submitted by 12 December.

a.given

b.fused

c.completed

9.He had no difficulty in persuading parliament to approve the treaty.

a.talks

b.agreement

c.provision

Key: I.1duty; 2resistance; 3mob; 4massacre; 5draft; 6grievance; 7adopt; 8dissident; 9empower; 10amendment; 11judiciary

II. 1c (problems); 2a (gave up); 3a (promote);4b (empowered); 5b (vital); 6c (given the right); 7c (enough); 8a (given); 9b (agreement)

TEST 2 (Units 10 – 11 pp. 63 – 73)

I.Find the correct words by their definitions.

1.become friendly again after a disagreement

2.strong loyalty to a country

3.a serious public promise to do sth

4.a serious or difficult responsibility

5.discussions between important people from opposing sides designed to help them agree about the issue

6.an official written agreement between two or more countries

7.to say what is allowed or what is necessary

8.to publicly support a particular policy or way of doing things, defend, argue for, plead for

9.enter upon the work which it is s/one’s duty to do in a public position especially in government service

10.to formally accuse a public official of a serious crime especially in their job

11.relating to laws or the process of creating new laws

II. . Choose the word that best defines the italicized word.

1. I have always fervently supported all his initiatives.

107

9take office; 10 impeach; 11legislative;

II. 1a (enthusiastically); 2b (give); 3a (loyalty); 4c (all agreed about it); 5a (improved) 6c (overriding); 7b (things to live); 8b (drink); 9a (honesty)

QUIZ (Unit 12 pp. 73 – 78)

I.Complete the sentences choosing between the two alternatives.

1.What you’re just saying is the fatal flaw/ fidelity in your argument.

2.No one has challenged / suspected his discontent / fidelity to the company.

3.Both sides were locked in a cycle of violence and suspect / vengeance.

4.We asked her to the reception but she accepted / declined the invitation.

5.Some applicants were handicapped / incited by their poor level of English.

6.Judges need to be discontent / impartial.

7.Public humility/ discontent with the government is growing.

8.His credentials / allies as a football manager are impressive.

9.Any forms of protest are impartially / ruthlessly suppressed.

10.The president has ratified / vowed to help the earthquake victims.

II.Say TRUE or FALSE.

1.Washington was unanimously chosen president in 1789.

2.That time the nation’s capital was New York.

3.When Washington took office, the Constitution was not adopted yet.

4.Washington preferred to make decisions without consulting his men; he was against the president Cabinet.

5.The West was occupied by British troops.

6.Washington declined to serve more than two consecutive terms.

7.Under John Adams, the Smithsonian Institution was established in Washington.

8.Thomas Jefferson made his inaugural address in Philadelphia where the capital

move from New York.

9.Napoleon didn’t want Britain to get hold of Louisiana and decided to sell it to America.

10.Under Jefferson, US Congress passed the Embargo Act as economic pressure to force the British to back down.

11.New York and New England supported Jefferson in his decision to forbid all foreign commerce.

12.Thomas Jefferson is remembered as the “Father of His Country.”

13.James Madison is recognized as the “Father of the Constitution”.

14.In 1812, Britain declared war on the United States.

15 Dolly Madison rescued her husband’s papers and his portrait.

16. In 1815, the British were defeated In the Battle of New Orleans, but the peace treaty was not signed.

Key: I. 1.flaw; 2.challenged, fidelity; 3.vengeance; 4.declined; 5.handicapped; 6.impartial; 7. discontent; 8.credentials; 9.ruthlessly; 10.vowed

II. 1.T; 2T; 3F; 4F; 5T; 6T; 7F; 8F; 9T; 10T; 11F; 12F; 13T; 14F; 15F; 16F

QUIZ (Unit 13 pp. 79 – 85)

I. Fill the blanks with the words from the vocabulary list that correctly complete the

108

sentence. Use the words in an appropriate form. Which word is the One Odd Out? cede, determination, sturdy, award, testify, mortgage, toil, adaptable, inherent,

suffrage, capture

1.They signed an agreement ___ chemical weapons.

2.___ cars though enough expensive are still in demand.

3.He has overcome his difficulties with courage and ___ .

4.They realized they could not defend the island’s territory, so they formally ___ it to the USA.

5.She was a strong advocate of women’s ___.

6.Politics is an ___ risky career.

7.A High Court judge ___ her custody of her children.

8.We need ___ workers who are willing to learn new skills.

9.Several key witnesses agree to ___ against Edwards.

10.Farm children have to ___ in the fields all day.

II. Choose between the two alternatives to correctly complete the sentences.

1.He tried to avoid determination / capture by leaving the country.

2.The government should abolish / address income tax for the low-paid.

3.He was showing off his latest acquisition / humiliation, a new computer game.

4.Governments have been slow to award / address the problem of global warming.

5.Married women had no right to their children if they left an abusive / sturdy husband.

6.I doubt we would risk further public humiliation / humility.

7.The pioneers hired an outlaw / scout to be the leader of the wagon train.

8.He had to mortgage / galvanize the house to the company for $200,000.

9.Police have abolished /raided nightclubs in the city for illegal drugs.

10.James Marshall and about twenty men were sent to the foothills of the Sierra Nevada Mountains to build a temple /sawmill.

Key: I.1. outlawing; 2. sturdy; 3. determination; 4. ceded; 5. suffrage; 6. inherently; 7. awarded; 8. adaptable; 9.testify; 10. toil (mortgage)

II. 1. capture; 2. abolish; 3. acquisition; 4. address, 5. abusive; 6. humiliation; 7.scout; 8. mortgage; 9. raided; 10. sawmill.

QUIZ (Units 14 – 15 pp. 86 – 96)

I. Match the words and expressions with their Russian equivalents.

II.Choose between the two alternatives.

1.Though the victory of the North assured / commissioned the integrity / contamination of the US, much was destroyed in the course of the war.

2.Millions of ex-slaves were resented / handicapped by inadequate education, an agrarian background and prejudice among the other ethnic groups in the USA.

3.The whites formed a common front against blacks, and total and complete disfranchisement / suffrage of the freed blacks became the universal aim of the South.

4.In 1872, the federal government suppressed / boosted the Ku Klux Clan.

5.The policy of separation people on the basis of race is called sanitation /

segregation.

6.Conditions seemed almost helpless and blacks were downtrodden / rigid people.

7.Builders put up tenants / tenements with no slums / sewerage or heating system.

8.Deficient / Insufficient language was the main obstacle to find a job.

9.The majority of the new Americans were oppressed by feeling of inferiority / maturity in relation to their fellow citizens of older stock.

10.Laws that pay no heed to / sustain the needs of the forces of supply and demand end up as costly failures.

11.It’s a little premature / juvenile to talk about concluding a deal.

12.As a child, he had been deprived / disfranchised of love and attention.

Key: I. 1c; 2f; 3i; 4e; 5m; 6l; 7d; 8о; 9g; 10h; 11a; 12j; 13k; 14n; 15в

II. 1 Assured, integrity; 2 handicapped; 3 disfranchisement; 4 suppressed; 5 segregation; 6 downtrodden; 7 tenements, sewerage; 8 deficient; 9 inferiority; 10 pay no heed to; 11. premature; 12.deprived.

TEST (Chapters 10 – 11 pp. 96 – 104)

I.Choose the best answer to complete the sentences.

1.Posters advertised: “American land for sale to immigrants on easy …”

a.contractors

b.terms

c.Zulu cars

2.Many inspired …went west to settle this free land.

a.homesteaders

b.contractors

110

c.agents

3.The land the Sioux roamed was becoming … by farmers and ranchers.

a.fenced

b.barred

c.reserved

4.Crazy Horse handed a crushing defeat to the troops sent to bring him in the…

a.homestead

b.ranch

c.reservation

5.The monument remains a symbol of the white man’s campaign to …the Indian spirit.

a.roam

b.crush

c.stab

6.The cowboys’ … came after the Civil War, when thousands of young people were drawn westward.

a.heyday

b.pay off

c.rustler

7.The first settlers survived because they managed to … their will upon nature.

a.endure

b.impose

c.tame

8.Boone is admired as a survivor and … of the wilderness, not a fighter.

a.homesteader

b.macho

c.conqueror

9.The principal source of macho’s heroism is his physical …

a.condition

b.adolescence

c.prowess

10.Many more … civilians are killed every year in the US with guns then were killed on 9/11.

a.innocent

b.guilty

c.rugged