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The modern third declension was formed from the remaining fourth-type declension feminine nouns with * -ĭ stem. They were supplemented by the nouns of the ancient fifth declension with * -ter stem (mat` (mother), doch` (daughter) and the nouns of the ancient sixth declension with * -ū stem, which received the morpheme ov` (svekrov` (mother-in-law), tserkov` (church), morkov` (carrots).

At the same time, many dialectologists (S.I. Iordanidi, M.V. Shulga, T.V. Popova, S.P. Obnorsky, G. A. Khaburgaev, A.D. Cherenkova) point out that the nouns of the ancient fourth declension with * -ĭ stem and the first declension with * -ā, * -jā stem closely interacted. At the same time Т.V. Popova, analyzing the declension types restructuring in East Slavic dialects, points out that «in the dialects where this phenomenon is observed the morphological unification of the two types of feminine declension occurs in the overwhelming majority of cases precisely according to the first declension model, but not vice versa. The rarest facts of the inverse influence (i.e., from the third declension into the first declension) marked only in the word form of Instrumental Case Singular (ban`yu (by bath), <...> gost`yu (by the guest), mezh`yu (by the border), nedel`yu (by the week), tysyach`yu ( by a thousand), are given by S. P. Obnorsky » [8, p. 52].

T.V. Popova also cites data from researchers exploring a number of Ukrainian dialects, where feminine nouns going back to * -ĭ-stems in all their word forms are used with flexions of the first declension [8, p. 53].

In all types of the Voronezh Region dialects we noted the indicated interaction of two types of feminine nouns declension according to the first declension model: in some it is more active, in others – less active. This proves the relevance of the «universal Slavic tendency to a direct correspondence between the meaning of the grammatical gender and its concrete (morphological) form» [8, p. 59]. A fairly small percentage of the third declension nouns in all types of the Voronezh Region dialects is the basis for implementing the previously indicated tendency to unite the declension paradigms according to the principle of «two genders – two declensions».

C a s e o f N o u n s

Let us consider case modifications of nouns in each type of declension. When analyzing the factual material, we noticed a uniform, typical distribution of nouns for cases in different types of the Voronezh Region dialects (Table).

Table

Distribution of Nouns by Cases in the Voronezh Region Dialects

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The most numerous are the nominative and accusative cases. In our opinion, this is due to the peculiarities of dialectal language functioning in the form of oral colloquial speech. In turn, the researchers of the Russian colloquial speech (O.B. Sirotinina, O.A. Lapteva, T.A. Vishnyakova, etc.) repeatedly noted the features of case forms functioning in it. Thus, for writing it is typical «to use primarily genitive case forms, and for the colloquial speech – nominative and accusative case forms» [9, p. 39].

Moreover, according to T. A. Vishnyakova`s data, which correlate with our results, nouns in the nominative case are predominantly used in colloquial speech as a subject and a predicate, as well as for various kinds of additions and clarifications. The second in frequency is the accusative case, it is used in the meaning of the object and in the meaning of time. Genitive case takes the third place (adnominal case for quantity and negations), the most common prepositions are iz (from), s (from), do (to), dlya (for). The fourth place is occupied by the prepositional case with prepositions v (in) and na (on). The instrumental case is more often used in the meaning of the object. In the usual function of the nominal part of the predicate in constructions of the type «what is called what» it is usually replaced by the nominative case, which also additionally increases the quantitative advantage of the nominative case. The last place is occupied by the dative case.

There is a need to find out why the dative case is so poorly represented in the Voronezh region dialects. In general, this fact correlates with the general language peculiarity of the dative case in speech. Of all the cases, it is the dative that is limited in the number of expressed meanings. One of the major meanings is the meaning of the indirect object, i.e. the meaning of the addressee with verbs, the meaning of the subject of the action in impersonal sentences, the meaning of the direction of movement towards any person, as well as place of movement and time of action. At the same time, in the explored dialects we noted a more frequent use of the dative case in the meaning of direction and place of movement, mode of action. Also, traditionally, the dative case is used in constructions like «komu skilko let» (how old is somebody). But in the meaning of the action addressee, the dative case of nouns is represented by very rare examples.

Conclusion

In conclusion, we can note that for all types of the dialects selected, the category of neuter gender appears to be the least represented. This is conditioned by the history of forming and developing the category of gender as a whole. Also, the transient position of neuter gender is supported by the declension system, and numerous gender fluctuations of nouns and the emerging tendency to destroy the category of neuter gender can be indicative of the universal Slavic tendency potential. This is the tendency to unite inflectional models within the same gender, which facilitates the rearrangement in the dialect of grammatical categories at the systemic level according to the gender principle «two genders – two declensions." This is proved by the results of statistical calculations.

From nouns distribution for the types of declension it is obvious that the most productive types of declension in all types of dialects are the first and the second declension, and the least represented declension is the third declension. In such a case the first and the third declension

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types continue to interact, which confirms the language tendency of correspondence between the meaning of the grammatical gender (feminine in this case) and its concrete (morphological) form.

When analyzing the factual material it was possible to trace a uniform, typical distribution of nouns for cases in different types of the Voronezh Region dialects. The most numerous are the nominative and accusative cases. This is related to the peculiarities of dialectal language functioning in the form of oral colloquial speech. At the same time, the least represented was the dative case. This is to become a separate and more detailed study in the following research.

Thus, in the Voronezh dialects, there is a slightly different way of development for the explored noun categories in comparison with the Russian literary language. The data obtained during the study complemented the idea of the dialectal picture of the world at the morphological level.

References

[1]Cherenkova A.D. Voronezhskie dialektnye teksty kak istochnik dlja izuchenija russkogo nacional'nogo jazyka, istorii i kul'tury naroda: uchebnoe posobie / A.D. Cherenkova.

–Voronezh: Poligraf, 2009. – 328 s.

[2]Vysotskij S.S. Utrata srednego roda v govorah k zapadu ot Moskvy // Istorija i dialektologija russkogo jazyka: Hrestomatija issledovanij: uch. posobie / Sost. E.I. Janovich, L.G. Moshhenskaja, V.A. Sannikovich. – Mn.: BGU, 2002. – S. 112-119.

[3]Man'kov A.E. Proishozhdenie kategorii roda v indoevropejskih jazykah / A.E. Man'kov // Voprosy jazykoznanija. – 2005. – № 5. – S. 79-92.

[4]Kazanceva T.Ju. Predystorija vozniknovenija rodovyh otnoshenij v indoevropejskih jazykah / T.Ju. Kazanceva // Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta: obshherossijskij nauchnyj zhurnal. – Tomsk: Izd-vo TGPU, 2005. – vyp. 4 (48). – S. 21-27.

[5]Cherenkova A.D. Morfologicheskaja sistema govora s. I-e Kriushanskie vyselki Paninskogo rajona Voronezhskoj oblasti / A.D. Cherenkova // Sel'skaja Rossija: proshloe i nastojashhee. Vyp.3. doklady i soobshhenija IX Rossijskoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii (Moskva, dekabr' 2004 g.). – M.: Jenciklopedija rossijskih dereven', 2004. – S. 367-373.

[6]Kretov A.A. O vzaimodejstvii lingvistiki, arheologii, istorii / A.A. Kretov // IV

Mezhdunarodnaja nauchnaja konferencija «Jazyk, kul'tura, obshhestvo» (Moskva, 27-30 sentjabrja 2007 g.): tezisy dokladov. – M.: Institut inostrannyh jazykov, 2007. – S.200-201.

[7]Besedina N.A. Rol' morfologii v sozdanii jazykovoj kartiny mira / N.A. Besedina. – Rezhim dostupa: http://dspace.bsu.edu.ru/handle/123456789/8091 (data obrashhenija 15.04.2018).

[8]Popova T.V. Kategorija roda i perestrojka tipov sklonenija v vostochnoslavjanskih dialektah / T.V. Popova // Issledovanija po slavjanskoj dialektologii. Vyp. 16. Grammatika slavjanskih dialektov. Mehanizmy jevoljucii. Utraty i innovacii. Istoriko-tipologicheskie issledovanija: sbornik statej. – M.: Institut slavjanovedenija RAN, 2013. – S. 48-62.

[9]Sirotinina O.B. Russkaja razgovornaja rech': posobie dlja uchitelja / O.B. Sirotinina.

–M.: Prosveshhenie, 1983. – 80 s.

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THEORY AND PRACTICE OF TRANSLATION

UDC 811.111-26

GASTRONOMIC REALITIES IN A FICTION TEXT FOR CHILDREN

(BASED ON THE CYCLE OF NOVELS

ABOUT HARRY POTTER BY J. K. ROWLING)

S.Yu. Kapkova

____________________________________________________________________________________________

Voronezh State Teachers’ Training University,

Candidate of Philology, Associate Professor of the Chair of English Language Svetlana Yu. Kapkova

e-mail: kapk@list.ru

____________________________________________________________________________________________

Statement of the problem. This article describes the gastronomic realities encountered in the works by J.K. Rowling, and their functions are defined. Gastronomic realities, being culturally marked units, add some national character to a fiction text. Gastronomic realities are an integral part of British folklore and their specificity makes the reader get interested in British folklore and traditional national cuisine as the main readers are children and teenagers. The use of gastronomic realities in the text helps to form a national and individual picture of the world and to expand the linguistic and cultural outlook. In addition, as the main audience of the work is children and teenagers, so the description of gluttony phenomena is also used for educational purposes.

Results. The use of gastronomic realities in the novels about Harry Potter, including the functions mentioned, is a characteristic of the individual author's style. In every chapter of her novels about the adventures of a young wizard the author tries to mention different dishes or describe the meals in the wizards’ school with the aim of attracting attention to healthy children's food, the description of everyday life of the inhabitants of the wizard’s school providing a fantastic atmosphere in the description of feasts and the status of ritual meals.

Conclusion. Thus, gastronomic realities occurring in the novels about Harry Potter play a multifunctional role in the formation of an individual gastronomic picture of the world of a reader, give a national identity to the work and contribute to the accumulation of linguistic and cultural knowledge in the field of gastronomic peculiarities in England.

Key words: gastronomic reality, modern children's English literature, individual author's style, John. K. Rowling, Harry Potter.

For citation: Kapkova S.Yu. Gastronomic realities in a fiction text for children (based on the cycle of novels about Harry Potter by J. K. Rowling) / S.Yu. Kapkova // Scientific Journal “Modern linguistic and methodical- and-didactic researches”. – 2018. - №3 (22). – P. 117 - 126.

Introduction

Our research interests include a comprehensive analysis of modern English children's literature including the study of the mechanisms of creation of comic and eccentric, the translation quality, characteristics of individual author's style and the analysis of trends in modern literature for children in general. Recently the gastronomic code has been studied actively and thoroughly in the Russian linguistics and that fact determines the relevance of our research, as food is formed as a culture and is accepted as an important component of the mentality of any nation. This component is an integral part of everyday human life as food consumption is considered a nationally determined phenomenon that reflects the cultural, ethnic, socio-religious characteristics of peoples. The study of gastronomic realities within the framework of a definite discourse reveals the features of the author's individual style and allows to determine the most characteristic features of his linguistic personality [1, p. 30].

___________________

© Kapkova S.Yu., 2018

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The purpose of our study is to identify and describe the functions performed by gastronomic realities in modern English children's literature and to identify national specifics in the transferring of gastronomic realities in the literary text for children.

Methodology

The object of the research is the realities representing the language gastronomic code in the modern children's English literature. The subject of the study involves the description of the component composition of gastronomic realities and the quality of their translation.

The material of the study was a corpus of 22 illustrative examples in English obtained with the help of a continuous sample from a series of novels about Harry Potter by the worldfamous English writer J. K. Rowling and 30 illustrative examples of their translated versions.

The complex method of research includes the method of continuous sampling with the help of which the corpus of illustrative examples was selected; the method of observation; elements of lexical-semantic, descriptive analysis and the method of quantitative calculation.

Food and meals in our life are a necessary condition of human existence; they are often described in fiction works and in different cultures, so the phenomena associated with the gastronomic aspect are the subject of study of many Russian and foreign scientists. In 2009 Dormidontova O. A. in her study using the example of the gastronomic code analyzes the formation of the language picture of the world at the phraseological level in Russian and French languages [2, p. 204]. A. Golubeva believes that «gastronomic reality – it's one of the factors of formation of national world picture» [Our translation] / «гастрономическая реалия – это один из факторов формирования национальной картины мира » [3, p. 3445].

In 2011 a collective monograph «Codes of everyday life in Slavic culture: food and clothing» appeared to deal with a close attention is paid to the role of gastronomic images in the cultural code of the people. Zagidullina M.V. considers «food codes as the links to definite peoples and nations of the territory where they run their economy and then the monograph describes cultural functions of food codes for individual ethnic communities in a situation of erasing the main ethnic borders» [Our translation] / «пищевые коды в качестве связей конкрет-

ных народов и народностей с территорией, где велось их хозяйство, и далее затрагивает культурные функции пищевых кодов отдельных этнических общностей в ситуации сти-

рания основных межэтнических границ» which leads to problems of globalization [4, p. 396]. N.M. Filatova describes «the role of the food code in the national self-identification and construction of the image of the «stranger» [Our translation] / «роль пищевого кода в нацио-

нальной самоидентификации и конструировании образа «чужого». The researcher notes how «different food habits reveal patterns of thinking in relation to what and how the representatives of the neighbouring people eat and drink and how their habits affect the cognition and evaluation of the characteristics of foreign culture» [Our translation] / «различные пище-

вые привычки выявляют стереотипы мышления в отношении к тому, что и как едят и пьют представители соседнего народа, и как эти привычки влияют на познание и оце-

ночные характеристики чужой культуры» [5, p. 274]. Ya. Voyvodich, basing on the fact that in different cultures meat is always considered the most important food using the novel «Oblomov» by A.N. Goncharov as an example shows the importance of that product «in the Russian literature of the XIX century (butcher table, custom, training, refreshments)» [Our translation] / «в русской литературе XIX века (мясной стол, обычай, подготовка, угоще-

ние)» [6, p. 347].

In his article, A.M. Ranchin reveals the gastronomic preferences of landowners in the poem «Dead souls» by N.V. Gogol. He believes that «treating a guest with homemade food, the description of the lunch or its lack, the nature of the dishes, especially where significant opposition «clean» dish maintaining its original flavor and taste means a dish changed the original taste of the product» and the opposition «the first - the second dish» is used to characterize the owners of the estates» [Our translation] / «угощение домашней едой гостя, описание обеда или отсутствие такового, характер блюд, где особенно значимы оппозиции «чистое»

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блюдо с сохранением исконного вкуса продукта - блюдо с измененным исходным вкусом продукта» и оппозиция «первое - второе блюдо», характеризуют хозяев усадеб». In some cases, the code «Food» is realized at a metaphorical level [7, p. 339]. Exploring the code «Food» in chronological aspect T.N. Chepelevskaya studies its main areas and examines some «questions related to a comparison of modern dietary trends with old traditions and current state of food» [Our translation] / «вопросы, связанные с соотношением современных пищевых предпочтений с давними традициями и с актуальным состоянием современной кухни» [8, p. 379].

Having studied literary texts of the Soviet era N. M. Kurennaya develops the vital topic of alcohol consumption in Russia. According to the analysis of the paradigm shift in Soviet literature, she concludes «in the 1920-ies there is a hero who uses a lot of alcohol and on this basis «their» are opposed to «strangers» - traitors and antirevolutionary elements. In the 1930s - 1940s the purposeful hero loses his certain national features (in particular, the propensity to wine drinking) and becomes a conductor of the Communist idea. In the 1960-ies it goes back to the everyday problems of ordinary people» [Our translation] / «в 1920-е годы появляется ге-

рой, употребляющий много спиртного, и по этому признаку «свои» противопоставляются «чужим» - предателям и контрреволюционным элементам. В 1930-1940-е годы целеустремленный герой лишается определенных национальных черт (в частности, склонности к винопитию) и становится проводником коммунистической идеи. В 1960-е годы происходит возвращение к житейским проблемам обычного человека» who may drink and get crazy because of the power of everyday problems or life circumstances [9, p. 406].

K.O. Gusarova is engaged in the study of gastronomic and digestive metaphors in the Soviet journalism of the 1920s. The description of culture as «spiritual food» was widely spread in the Soviet journalism of those years. The author examines «the use of oppositions useful/junk food in relation to the phenomena of culture, as well as opposed to «gastronomy» strategy of the worker and the bourgeois» [Our translation] / «использование оппозиций по-

лезная/вредная пища применительно к явлениям культуры, а также противопоставляемые «гастрономические» стратегии рабочего и буржуа» [10, p. 415].

P.V. Korolkova, analyzing the «food images as a way of realization of the opposition of «friend or foe» in the stories of M. Kapor» concludes that «food images can become symbols of the loss of the patriarchal past and people’s unit; food can be a symbol of wisdom, abundance and prosperity, acquiring the traits of a sacred subject (the lamb) and even the attribute of power (coffee)» [Our translation] / «пищевые образы могут становиться символами утраты патриархального прошлого, объединения народов, еда может быть символом мудрости, изобилия и достатка, обретая черты сакрального предмета (баранина), и даже атрибутом власти (кофе)» [11, p. 336]. N.Ah. Fateeva having studied the figurative meanings of the words denoting food products in Russian argo on the material of the dictionary of Russian argo by V.S. Elistratov comes to the conclusion that «having a meal and the dishes themselves are a special language of communication with his semiotic system» [Our translation] / «акт приема пищи и сами блюда являются особым языком коммуникации со своей знаковой системой» [12, p. 24].

Results of the study

In our study we want to consider the role of gastronomic realities in the novels about Harry Potter by the famous English writer J.K. Rowling. In her works the author often describes the feasts and usual meals at Hogwarts school, the dishes that are treated the main character and the wizards’ daily food. Harry Potter’s life seems to the reader a magical one on the one hand, but on the other hand it is quite realistic, as J. K. Rowling uses real names of streets, cities and towns of «good old England» [Our translation] / «старой доброй Англии» which also help to understand semantic and symbolic connotations [13], describing the everyday life of wizards. Practically the author does not create new recipes or unusual magical dishes, she gives new names to the usual or traditional English dishes adding them some mystery. The usual drinks,

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both for adults and children, are orange and pumpkin juices, milk, tea, coffee and, of course, water. In the text of the novels there are many other drinks which will be discussed below. The translation of gastronomic texts, according to Undritsova M. V., may hinder the perception, as the content and «the category of gastronomic realities are not always the same in different cultures and countries» [Our translation] / «содержание и номинации гастрономических реалий не всегда совпадают в разных культурах и странах» [14, p. 88].

Let’s consider some examples of gastronomic realities, their translation peculiarities and the functions they perform in the literary text, as well as the goals pursued by the author when introducing them to the content of the work intended for children.

Drinks are the most widely used gastronomic realities.

Сливочное пиво / Warm Butterbeer - the inhabitants of Hogwarts were happy to drink it in the pub “Three broomsticks” getting out for a walk in Hogsmead. It is mentioned in the book «Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban» for the first time [1*]. Non-alcoholic beer was prepared from lemonade with cherry flavor, cream, ginger, nutmeg and ground cloves. Usually it was prepared in winter and served as a warming drink. The prototype of the cream beer, apparently, became such old drinks as grog and punch containing hot water with rum or brandy added honey, milk or cream.

Яичный коктейль / Eggnog is a Christmas drink made from raw chicken eggs, rum, sugar and milk. It is a traditional Christmas drink in Europe and America. In the Wizarding world it is also drunk at Christmas. For the first time this drink was mentioned in the book

«Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets» at the Christmas feast in the Great hall:

«Под руководством Дамблдора собравшиеся исполнили его любимые рождественские гимны, громче всех ревел Хагрид, голос его креп после каждого бокала яичного коктейля» / «Dumbledore led them in a few of his favorite carols, Hagrid booming more and more loudly with every goblet of eggnog he consumed» [2*].

The name of the cocktail is translated incorrectly, in our opinion. This is a real drink: it is usually called - «eggnog». This nomination for the Russian-speaking reader would give more mystery and fabulousness. In another version of the translation, it is explained that the drink resembles the eggnog used in Russia:

«Думбльдор дирижировал, и все дружным хором пели любимые рождественские песни. Хор бубухал всё громче с каждым следующим кубком эггнога - напитка на-

подобие гоголя-моголя с ромом» / «Dumbledore led them in a few of his favorite carols, Hagrid booming more and more loudly with every goblet of eggnog he consumed» [2*].

М е д о в у х а / Mulled Mead – a popular low-alcohol drink among magicians and muggles Its "authorship" is attributed to Madame Rosmerta, the landlady of the pub. The drink is mentioned in several books: in the book "Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire" - among the students there was a rumor that Dumbledore ordered 800 barrels of mulled mead for the Yule ball; in the book "Harry Potter and the Half-blood Prince" while talking with teachers and Fudge huntsman Hagrid ordered four pints of Mead at Madame Rosmerta’s pub [3*], and for the first time the drink was mentioned in the book "Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban" [1*]. In the translation of the publishing house ROSMEN it was called "hot grog", although it should be translated as" honey mulled wine", as the usual Russian mead recipe does not match the recipe of the drink [4*].

Albus Dumbledore was considered a great connoisseur of aged mulled mead. For example, during his visit to the Dursleys, he treats everybody with mulled mead and he drinks it with great pleasure. Harry Potter tried that drink for the first time. Slughorn was also served mulled

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mead at the Christmas party. A bit later Horace Slughorn tells Harry that he kept a bottle of aged Mead as a gift to Dumbledore.

«У Гарри от смеха медовуха попала в нос. Честное слово, стоило привести сюда Полумну хотя бы ради этой минуты! Кашляя и отплевываясь, весь обрызганный медовухой, он вдруг увидел такое, от чего настроение у него стало еще лучше: Аргус Филч за ухо тащил к ним Драко Малфоя» / «Harry inhaled half his mead up his nose as he started to laugh. Really, it had been worth bringing Luna just for this. Emerging from his goblet, coughing, sopping wet but still grinning, he saw something calculated to raise his spirits even higher: Draco Malfoy being dragged by the ear toward them by Argus Filch» [4*].

Шипучий тыквенный сок / Pumpkin fizz – a drink sold in the confectionery «Sweet Kingdom» [1*]. Gryffindor’s students organized a small feast in honor of the victory against Gryffindor in the Quidditch match between the teams of Gryffindor and Ravenclaw in their living room. Twin brothers Fred and George Weasley brought many different sweets, including pumpkin fizz from the «Sweet Kingdom». In our opinion, it would be more correct to translate the name of this drink as "pumpkin soda" or "pumpkin pop" as in the original name there is no word juice and the word fizz has the meaning of pop, soda.

Апельсиновая шипучка Оттера / Otter's Fizzy Orange Juice – is a carbonated orange juice with a taste of cinnamon and vanilla and floating in a drink orange slices. All the inhabitants of the school at Hogwarts liked it. [4*].

Смородиновый ром / Red current rum was ordered by Minister Fudge who visited the pub to talk to the teachers of Hogwarts about the escaped Sirius Black. Judging by the name in the original, it was made from red currants [4*].

Эльфовское вино, or вино эльфовского производства / Elf-made wine is an alcoholic drink of blood-red colour which judging by its name was produced by elves. It was stored in barrels and bottles. It must have a refined taste as Severus Snape treats his guests Narcissa and Bellatrix who know a lot about such drinks:

«— Разумеется, — осклабился Снегг. — А пока принеси-ка нам выпить. Скажем, того вина эльфовского производства. Хвост потоптался на месте, словно намеревался еще спорить, но в конце концов повернулся и исчез за другой потайной дверью. Было слышно, как он хлопает дверцами буфета и звякает чем-то стеклянным. Через несколько секунд он вернулся и принес на подносе пыльную бутылку вина и три бокала... Снегг разлил по бокалам кроваво-красное вино, два бокала вручил сестрам» / «“Of course you can,” said Snape, sneering. “But in the meantime, bring us drinks. Some of the elf-made wine will do.” Wormtail hesitated for a moment, looking as though he might argue, but then turned and headed through a second hidden door. They heard banging and a clinking of glasses. Within seconds he was back, bearing a dusty bottle and three glasses upon a tray. Snape poured out three glasses of bloodred wine and handed two of them to the sisters.» [3*].

Вино из бузины / Elderflower wine – homemade wine made from infusion of elderberry flowers. First appeared in «Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire» book [4*]. Some elderberry wine was served for dinner in the Burrow on the eve of the final of the Quidditch world cup. Percy Weasley, the eldest of the brothers, drank it:

«— Тем не менее, - Перси глубоко вздохнул и сделал изрядный глоток вина из бузины, - у нас в Департаменте международного магического сотрудничества хватает забот и без того. У нас просто нет времени разыскивать сотрудников других

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отделов» / «Percy heaved an impressive sigh and took a deep swig of elderflower wine

— “we’ve got quite enough on our plates at the Department of International Magical

Cooperation without trying to find members of other departments too» [4*].

In addition to drinks in the analyzed works, there are descriptions of other dishes that characterize the traditional gastronomic preferences of the British. House elves who are skilled cooks prepare food for young wizards of Hogwarts. Most of the dishes cooked in accordance with Helga Hufflepuff who became one of the founders of Hogwarts and being a talented magician established herself as an extraordinary cook. Most dishes are typically British, although some exceptions are sometimes made (for example, in honor of the French guests during the Triwizard Tournament some foreign dishes were served: Bouillabaisse soup and dessert blancmange).

Яичница с сосисками / Eggs and Sausages or Яичница с беконом / Bacon and Eggs is the simplest traditional homemade dish for breakfast in England. It is often cooked by the elves for students’ breakfast in Hogwarts. In Chapter 14 of «Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets» book before the Quidditch match captain Oliver Wood does not know yet that the match will be canceled but filled with sports enthusiasm serves scrambled eggs to his team members [2*]. In Chapter 20 of «Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire» book Harry is so excited about the upcoming dragon trials in the Triwizard Tournament that he even refuses the scrambled eggs with crispy fried bacon served for breakfast before the tournament begins. [4*]

Breakfasts at Hogwarts are very hearty and children enjoy all the dishes cooked for them by house elves. Копченая сельдь / Smoked Herring is also included in the breakfast menu of the school of young wizards. The 28 Chapter of «Harry Potter and the Goblet of fire» book it is described how Ron tries to explain to Hermione that house elves like to be slaves and cook for them. Unsurprisingly, he is becoming angry with her for fomenting revolutionary sentiment among house elf on kitchen of Hogwarts [1*]. He is sure that the food will be terrible after that, but the next morning he feels relief seeing that herring was cooked perfectly and the elves haven't left their school for the sake of their personal freedom.

The usual British shepherd's pie / паст уший пирог as one of the dishes at Hogwarts School is often mentioned. It is cooked from onions, carrots, potatoes, garlic, coriander and minced lamb [5*]. This cake is chosen as a dish served before the decisive Quidditch matches apparently due to the fact that it is very nutritious and gives a lot of strength to the players. Shepherd's pie is one of the most famous classic dishes of British cuisine, but initially it was eaten only by the poor. In different translations this dish is called ««пирог с почками» / «kidney pie» or «картофельная запеканка с мясом «potato casserole with meat» which practically does not convey the national taste and flavour of the dish and does not arouse the readers’ interest to try it.

Reading the books by J. K. Rowling it is impossible not to pay attention to the abundant and varied dishes served for breakfast, lunch and dinner at Hogwarts. The author describes the delicacies on the tables so appetizingly that the reader unwittingly has a desire to try them, especially if they have an unfamiliar or attractive name

At his first dinner at Hogwarts Harry Potter saw the following dishes on the table:

«ростбиф, жареные цыплята, свиные и телячьи отбивные, сосиски, бекон, стейк, жареная картошка, варёная картошка, картофель фри, йоркширский пудинг, горошек, морковка, подливка, кетчуп и, по каким-то непонятным соображениям, мятные леденцы. … Спустя мгновение появился десерт - огромное количество мороженого всех сортов, какие только можно себе представить, яблочные пироги, торты с патокой, шоколадные эклеры, пончики с вареньем, трюфели, клубника, желе, рисовый пудинг... Пока Гарри набивал рот тортом с патокой, разговор за-

шел о родных» / «roast beef, roast chicken, pork chops and lamb chops, sausages, bacon

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and steak, boiled potatoes, roast potatoes, fries, Yorkshire pudding, peas, carrots, gravy, ketchup, and, for some strange reason, peppermint humbugs. A moment later the desserts appeared. Blocks of ice cream in every flavor you could think of, apple pies, treacle tarts, chocolate eclairs and jam doughnuts, trifle, strawberries, Jell-O, rice pudding -- " As Harry helped himself to a treacle tart, the talk turned to their families» [2*].

Торт с патокой / Treacle Tart is one of the desserts cooked according to the old British recipe: it was baked from flour, a mixture of spices, butter, sugar, treacle, sour cream and raisins. Apparently, Harry Potter liked it very much so the author often mentions how the main character eats that tart [5*].

Йоркширский пудинг / Yorkshire pudding is also a traditional English dish, crispy outside and soft inside, cooked from eggs, sugar, salt, ground black pepper and flour. Its recipe can be found in ancient and modern cookbooks [5*]. It is quite a common English dessert which Harry likes no less than a treacle tart. When Yorkshire pudding is ready, it has a beautiful golden colour, it is served immediately taken out from the oven and at that moment it has the famous crispy crust and tender crumb.

Among all the gastronomic realities a very special attention is paid to vegetable dishes, especially made of pumpkin. Thanks to books about Harry Potter the pumpkin has become the most famous vegetable for children all over the world. Dishes from it are cooked not only for Halloween. According to contextual analysis, Harry loves pumpkin and regularly drinks a couple of glasses of pumpkin juice per day, and that fact is likely to surprise the young readers because it is very rarely a child likes to eat this useful vegetable. However, in Hogwartsany practically any dish can be prepared from pumpkin, a pumpkin pie or a pumpkin candy. It is no coincidence that in the Internet a lot of sites containing different recipes of pumpkin dishes with the names from the books by J. K. Rowling after their being published appeared [6*; 7*; 8*].

Тыквенный пирог / Pumpkin Pie is mentioned when Harry met Hermione and Ron in the Hogwarts Express in the first book. It is also easy to bake from shortbread and pumpkin pulp filling with nutmeg and cinnamon [4*].

Тыквенное печенье / Pumpkin cookies are one of the most popular delicacies in the magical world. It was baked according to the classic English recipe from butter, flour, eggs, sugar, cinnamon, nutmeg, ginger and cloves [5*].

Тыквенный сок Мадам Розмерты / Madam Rosmerta’s pumpkin juice is one of the wizards’ favourite drinks was prepared from different proportions of apple, pineapple and pumpkin juice and honey [4]. A whole page turn in the program printed for the Quidditch World Cup was given to advertise the drink [2*].

Scientific interest can be seen in the description of dishes, the preparation of which is associated with a feast and celebration. A sumptuous Christmas dinner for the students who stay for the winter holidays at their school is stunning in its diversity and richness. In Hogwarts the house elves cook it according to the rules of traditional holiday English Christmas festive dinner. However, homemade food prepared by Mrs. Weasley does not yield to the house elves’ cooking in the Hogwarts school. In the Weasleys’ family the hostess always invites her children and their friends at the table and they eat with great appetite her dishes cooked for dinner: boiled potatoes or salad, chicken pot pies and ham - a traditional English dish. Milk chocolate ««Фаджи » / Fudge is Mrs. Weasley’s treat for Harry, which she prepares from butter, solid brown sugar, chocolate, treacle and condensed milk [5*].

Лимонный пирог / Lemon pie is Mrs. Weasley’s business card. She always treated the inhabitants and guests of the Burrow with it and it was not baked from fabulous ingredients. Its ingredients are ordinary condensed milk, eggs, sugar, flour and lemon juice. This is not a dessert invented by the writer, she refers to its existing classical recipe [5*].

The giant huntsman Hagrid does not really know how to cook but does everything from the bottom of his heart and he always has something to treat the children in his hut. He secretly

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