All used in the manufacture of poisons, classified, and according to another important characteristic, in terms of impact on human health. Identify the following group of toxic substances:
General toxic.Annoying.Sensitizing.Carcinogenic.Mutagene.
Сlassification of industrial poisons
According to the degree of danger.
Class 1-extremely dangerousClass 2-highly dangerousClass 3-moderately dangerousClass 4-low-risk
Routes of industrial poisons entry
Inhalation path - it is the most
dangerous, since there is a huge suction surface of the alveoli (90- 100 m2), which is intensively supplied with blood, providing rapid entry of poisons to organs and tissues.
Сlassification of industrial poisons
Inhalation path
The amount of sorbed gas is directly dependent on:
volume of respiration;
the speed of blood flow.
When performing physical work or staying in conditions of high air temperature, poisoning occurs faster!
Сlassification of industrial poisons
Inhalation path
It is characteristic that poisons in the inhalation route of entry, bypassing the liver, immediately enter a large circle of blood circulation, exerting a harmful effect on the body.
Сlassification of industrial poisons
Through the gastrointestinal tract- this
path of penetration is very rare and related with:
with non-compliance with the privacy
policy hygienes;
with partial ingestion toxic fumes and dust;
with violation of technical rules safety.
Сlassification of industrial poisons
Receipt via the gastrointestinal tract
Features:
there is a small suction surface;
harmful substances pass through the acidic environment of the intestine, through the portal vein system;
they enter the liver, which actively participates in the neutralization of poisons.
Сlassification of industrial poisons
Through the skin
This pathway is typical for substances that are highly soluble in fats.
Substances must have:
Sufficient toxicity
Low volatility
Low output speed
For example: nitro-and amino-based products, aromatic hydrocarbons
Industrial poisons
Ways of excretion of poisons
Through the kidneys
(water-soluble)Through the lungsThrough the digestive system
Through the skinThrough the mammary glands)
Industrial poisons
Distribution poisons in the body occur unevenly. It depends on:
the ability of substances to dissolve in fats;
the charge of electrolytes;on the intensity of blood
supply to the organs.