Сидоркина Е.В. Английский язык для юристов. Ч. 2

5. Find synonyms for the following words:

6. Complete the sentences using the proper words or phrases in the box:

The PЫШЬОМЮЭШЫ’Ь OППТМО is headed by the Prosecutor-General who appoints

_________of oblast, cities and districts. The PЫШЬОМЮЭШЫ’Ь OППТМО МШЧЬТЬЭЬ ШП К ЧЮЦЛОЫ of departments: for ________ over lawfulness of court decisions in civil, ______ and arbitration cases and especially in cases of juvenile delinquents, over legality in the sphere of economy.

A public prosecutor in our country is an official who has powers to exercise the supervision over the strict _______of laws. In performing his duties he must be free and independent of any local _______. A public prosecutor can be a person not younger than 25 years old, who has the higher ______ and possesses necessary moral and professional qualities.

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Text II

7. Read and translate the text:

PROSECUTOR’S RIGHTS AND DUTIES

Supervision on observing the laws is carried out by the office of the Prosecutor General of the Russian Federation. It forms a single, centralized, hierarchical system, in which (the lower) prosecutors obey the higher ones and the Prosecutor General of Russia. The Prosecutor General is appointed and

dismissed by the Federation Council upon a proposal of the

PЫОЬТНОЧЭ. TСО PЫШЬОМЮЭШЫ’Ь OППТМО ТЬ ЭСО ЬЭКЭО ЛШНв ЭСКЭ exercises supervisory power over the strict observance and application of law by all ministries organizations, institutions, officials and citizens of the state. The prosecutor has the right, and it is his duty to appeal against all decisions and actions of state bodies and officials which he considers to be unlawful. Every citizen has the right to complain to the prosecutor if there is some violation of the law. The prosecutor supervises the investigation of cases conducted by the police, and other state security bodies. During the hearing of cases the prosecutor conducts the prosecution before the court in the name of the state. It is his duty to prove the charges against the accused and to propose the penalty to be imposed on the guilty person. If the accused is not guilty, it is his duty to withdraw the charge. The prosecutor has the right to lodge protests against sentences and decisions of the courts which he finds illegal.

6.to complain –

7.in the name of the state (on behalf of the state) –

8.to prove the charges –

10.to withdraw –

11.to lodge protests –

VOCABULARY WORK

8. Find in the text the English equivalents for the following Russian wordcombinations given below:

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COMPREHENSION

13. Say if the following statements are true or false. Comment on the true statements and correct the false ones:

1.The Prosecutor's Office was established in our country in May 1922.

2.The law on Prosecutor's Office of the Russian Federation was enacted on January 2, 2000.

3.The Prosecutor's Office is headed by the public prosecutor who appoints prosecutors of oblasts, cities and districts.

4.A public prosecutor can be a person not younger than 23 years old, who has the higher legal education and possesses necessary moral and professional qualities.

5.The public prosecutor has also the right to appeal against all illegal decisions of state bodies and officials.

6.Any citizen can complain to the prosecutor against infringement of his or

her rights.

14. Try to find out the incorrect sentence in each case:

1. The Prosecutor's Office __________

a)institutes criminal cases

b)investigates criminal cases

c)protects legality, law and order

d)collects evidence against the criminals

e)examines a case in substance and brings in a sentence

2. A public prosecutor _____________

a)brings a charge before the court in the name of the state

b)has the right to appeal against all the lawful decisions of state organs and

officials

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d)7 years

e)2 years

6. During the hearing of cases the prosecutor ______________

a)passes a verdict

b)lodges protest against the sentence

c)conducts the prosecution before the court in the name of the state

d)prepares documents for the court

e)argues it in front of a judge

16. Finish the following sentences:

1.The General Prosecutor of Russian Federation is appointed by_______.

2.The General Prosecutor of Russian Federation is dismissed by ______.

3.The prosecutor has the right __________________________________.

4.The prosecutor duty is ______________________________________.

5.The prosecutor supervises ___________________________________.

6.TСО PЫШЬОМЮЭШЫ’Ь OППТМО ТЬ ЭСО ЬЭКЭО ЛШНв ЭСКЭ ОбОЫМТЬОs ____________.

7.TСО PЫШЬОМЮЭШЫ’Ь OППТМО ЩЫШЭОМЭЬ ИИИИИИИИИИИИИИИИИИИИИИИ_______.

DISCUSSION

17. Answer the following questions. Begin your answers with the following phrases using the verbs:

a)What are the prosecutor’s duties?

b)What are the prosecutor’s rights?

c)Do you want to be a prosecutor? Why?

a)it is a very interesting judicial profession.

b)it is very important to bring a guilty person to trial.

c)I want to be a judge (an advocate, a

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f)I want to protect legality, law and order.

g)to lodge protests against illegal sentences of the courts.

h)it is my wrong choice that I'm studying law now.

i)to bring a charge before the court in the name of the state.

j)to assist the court to pass a just sentence.

18.Combine the whole information of the unit and make a topic about the

PЫШЬОМЮЭШЫ’Ь ШППТМe in Russia.

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,

READING

1. Read and translate the following international words:

2. Read and translate the text. While reading the text try to find answers to these questions:

-What are the main types of police agencies operating in the USA? - What are the other police forces functioning there too?

THE POLICE IN THE USA

The USA inherited EЧРХКЧН’Ь МШЦЦШЧ ХКа КЧН ТЭЬ ЬвЬЭОЦ ШП policing. The colonists had the night watch under constables, with all able-bodied men over 16 serving without pay.

There are five main types of police agencies operating in the USA: police agencies of the Federal government, state police forces, sheriffs in counties, the police forces of cities and towns, and the police of villages.

Besides there are such special police forces as parks police, bridge and tunnel administration police forces, and police organizations for special tasks. There are about 40,000 separate police agencies in

the United States of America.

The Federal police agencies are financed from the Federal Fund. Other police forces are financed from the respective authorities’ funds. Policemen have weapons, such as revolvers, clubs and gas pistols.

Investigations of crimes are conducted by detectives, who are sometimes called plain-clothes officers, because they do not wear uniforms. There is the vice squad in some police departments. They investigate cases that involve gambling, prostitution and other immoral illegal activities.

Detectives work in various specialized fields that deal with such crimes as murder, burglary, drug-trafficking and others. In a murder case, detectives may start their investigation by searching for bloodstains, fingerprints and weapon. They question any witnesses, suspects or others who may have information about the crime.

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Various technical units assist the police in an investigation. The photography unit takes pictures of the crime scene and the evidence. The crime laboratory collects and examines clues: bloodstains, bullets, fingerprints, hair samples. Later the reports of the detectives and technical workers are used in court.

Patrol operations are foundation of police work. Patrol officers are assigned beats to cover on foot, in squad cars, or in motorcycles. In some cities, they patrol parks on horseback.

Patrol officers inspect their beats repeatedly. They are often assigned to control crowds at parades, fairs and other public events. Police officers may arrest a person they see committing a crime.

Traffic officers maintain public safety on streets and highways. They direct traffic, protect pedestrians, help drivers and settle parking, speed and other traffic laws. Traffic officers also investigate traffic accidents, enforce safety and license regulations for motor vehicles. Some police departments use helicopters to inspect traffic.

Vocabulary notes:

1.to inherit –

2.night watch –

3.county –

4.separate –

5.respective –

6.weapon –

7.club –

8.plain-clothes officers –

9.vice squad –

13.bloodstain –

14.fingerprint –

15.suspect –

16.crime scene –

22.crowd –

23.fair –

24.event –

25.to maintain –

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3. Find in the text the English equivalents for the following Russian wordcombinations given below:

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

4. Find synonyms for the following words:

5. Match the following words with their definition:

1.A kind of police in the past, who looked after a town at night.

2.Physically strong and healthy.

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