Bibliography

1.Adrianova, I. Learn and celebrate / I. Adrianova, N. Toumanova. –

Новосибирск : «Инфолио-пресс», 1992. – 159 c.

2.Dale, D. The little book of Australia / D. Dale. – Allen & Unwin, Australia, 2010. – 261 p.

3.Hornby, A. S. Oxford advanced learner’s dictionary / A.S. Hornby. – Oxford University Press, 2000. – 1540 p.

4.http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_the_United_ Kingdom&action=history

5.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page

6.http://eng.1september.ru

7.http://news.bbc.co.uk

8.http://www.bbclearningenglish.com

9.http://www.ciee.org/wat/ И

10.http://www.daad.de/de/index.html

11.http://www.magazine-deutschland.deД

12.http://www.onestopenglish.com

13.http://www.toefl.org

14.Nauton, J. Profile 1. Student’sАBook. Intermediate / J. Nauton. – Oxford university Press, 2005. – 143 p.

15.Nauton, J. Profile 2.бStudent’s Book. Intermediate / J. Nauton. – Oxford university Press, 2005. – 175 p.

16.Wood, N. Businessиand Commerce Workshop / N. Wood. – Oxford university Press, 2005. – 40 p.

17.Powell, Martinez,СJillett. New Business Matters. Coursebook / Powell, Martinez, Jillett. – Thomson HEINLE, 2004. – 2000 c.

18.Speak Out: Журнал для изучающих английский язык. – 2005. –

№1.

19.Speak Out: Журнал для изучающих английский язык. – 2005. –

№4.

20.Speak Out: Журнал для изучающих английский язык. – 2005. –

№6.

21.Speak Out: Журнал для изучающих английский язык. – 2008. –

№4.

22.Kay, S. Inside Out. Student’s Book. Pre-intermediate / S. Kay, J. Vaughan, P. Kerr. – Oxford : Macmillan Publishers Limited, 2006. – 143 p.

23.Evans, V. Enterprise 3. Course Book. Pre-intermediate / V. Evans, G. Dooley. – Berkshire : Express Publishing, 2002. – 142 p.

104

YOUTH PROBLEMS

Module 3

105

YOUTH PROBLEMS

1. What does to be young mean for you?

Young

problems

106

3. Read what students write and say what problems worry young people in the world today?

Youth is a Difficult Time

“Youth is a special time for any person: he or she is no longer a child and not yet an adult. And young people have some problems special to this period of life. One of them is the problem of finding oneself. Some teenagers still remain in a condition of Great Uncertainty: they don’t have particular interests or hobbies; there are no particular aims in their lives. That’s why they are in a constant search, which sometimes makes them choose the wrong way, for example drug addiction. I think if a person has a goal in life, or there is something in the world that interests him or her very much, that person is lucky. A wide range of interests is a sign of an intelligent and broad-minded person. That’s why almost all young people try different sides of life in order to find something which attracts them most of all”.

By Girnik

my future career. It is essential to haveДa good job. And to get a good job you have to be well-educated. So, after leaving a secondary school I should

“Everybody thinks that youth is the best period of life. But young

choose a university and seeбwhat Аentrance exams I have to pass. I can’t enter any university without good knowledge, for example, of English, so it is necessary to pay for special lessons which means heavy expenses.

How to find a good иjob? Unemployment is a sore point in our country. Even qualified professionals often cannot find a good job. So, in planning

After graduating from the university, you have another problem.

my future I have to think a lot about the possibility of finding a good job

problems. The main ones are: hard drugs, diseases, such as AIDS, problems with adults, early pregnancy and of course violence and crime among youth.

Our world is facing a drugs crisis. The greater part of teenagers are using, or have used drugs. This is the main problem in the world, I think.

Because of drugs, boys and girls become angry. They loose their connection with their parents, and misunderstand them. They have a lot of communicative problems. Teenagers don’t have much money to buy drugs,

107

so they have to steal. And using drugs evokes such a dangerous illness as AIDS. Drug addicts are aware of their illness and with this their lives end.

To my mind our government should take the first step in stopping this problem and prevent selling of drugs. Besides our government should lead different educative programs, such as “Stop AIDS”, “Say No”, or something like that. Even in schools we should have lessons dedicated to these problems. So, in my point of view, we should stop drugs. Teenagers should think about their future life. They should have dreams about their future career. And even if they are given drugs, they should just say “No””.

By Olga

“As for me, the number one problem among young men is conscription. In our country all boys must go to the army. (Of course, if they ha-

day, with violence, bad food and poor clothes. I think, that military service

ven’t got a serious disease.) It doesn’t mean that I don’t want to carry out the duty of a male citizen of our republic. But Иour army is like a prison to-

should be a job; a professional army wouldДbe more organized. Of course,

this problem can be solved only by the government and even they cannot solve it now. But adults must remember that the young are society’s future. If the present generation of youthsАgrows up to be “lost”, we have no future”.

б By Sergey

“Every day we have to make important decisions. It is very hard to make them in youth, becauseиwe are not children, for whom the world is so simple, and not yet adults, who have life experience.

In this transitionСperiod teenagers are very changeable; full of selfcriticism, frequent changes of mood, dissatisfaction with their appearance.

Teenagers are also easily influenced by others. And just in this period a great number of people begin to smoke, communicate with different groups. But I think, you should love yourself, in order to find the right way in life and place in society. I guess, you should not only follow your wishes, but also fulfill all your duties in time; control yourself. I would like to say that we shouldn’t be illiterate. Ignorance makes unemployment a sore point.

So, we are responsible persons and we should respect ourselves and other people, too. And to respect yourself means to wish yourself happiness and try to make your dreams come true”.

By Helen http://eng.1september.ru/2002/43/3.htm

4. Write some associations under each word in bold.

108

5. Talk to each other:

1.What are you dreaming of?

2.What goals do you want to reach in your life?

3.What is happiness for you?

4.Do you have anything to complain about?

5.Do you have any problmes with your parents, sisters or brothers, teachers?

6.Do adults understand teens today?

6. Look through the opinions (Ex. 3) and find the sentences the

1.Girnik says young people always lookДfor something.

………………………………………………………………………………

2.The person is fortunate, if he hasАan aim in life.

……………………………………………………………………………

3.Young people have as manyбproblems as adults.

………………………………………………………………………………

4.To get a good job youиhave to be scholarly.

………………………………………………………………………………

5.People withoutСa job is a sore point in Tanya’s country.

………………………………………………………………………………

6.There is a ‘generation gap’ between teenagers and their parents.

………………………………………………………………………………

7.Using drugs causes such a dangerous illness as AIDS.

………………………………………………………………………………

8.The number one problem among young men is enrollment in military service.

………………………………………………………………………………

9.Teenagers are also easily affected by others.

………………………………………………………………………………И

7. Find the ideas to say whether the following sentences are true or false. If the idea is wrong correct it.

1. _____ Young people don’t know what they want.

109

2._____ To find something attractive young people try various sides of life.

3._____ It’s not important to have a good job.

4._____ If you can pay you can enter any university without good knowledge.

5._____ Our world is facing a drugs crisis.

6._____ Boys and girls sell their clothes to buy drugs.

7._____ Olga wants her government to prevent selling of clothes.

8._____ Sergey is glad to join the army.

9._____ Helen says it’s not bad to be illiterate for young people.

8. Read the text again and complete the table.

Have you thought about … If I were you, I would …

___________________________________________________________

10. Look at the pictures (pic. 26, 27). Do they have anything in common? Write down as many words or phrases as you can to describe these pictures.

110

……………………………… …………………………………

……………………………… …………………………………

……………………………… …………………………………

-of, relating to, or applicable to thoseАagedД13 throughИ19;

-any question or matter involving doubt, uncertainty, or difficulty;

-a person who has attainedбthe age of maturity as specified by law;

-failure to understand correctly;

-a correctional institutionиwhere persons are confined while on trial or for punishment;

-habitual psychologicalСand physiological dependence on a substance or practice beyond one's voluntary control;

-a way of life that reflects the attitudes and values of a person or a group;

-without interest or concern; not caring; apathetic. -12. Read the text below and find its main idea.

Today it is fashionable to speak about teenage problems. A few years ago alcohol, fights, killings and other kinds of violence were more problems for adults than for young people.

But now violence, AIDS, drugs and alcohol are more and more associated with youngsters. For many children from poor families violence, drinking problems and all that is associated with poverty becomes more real than reality.

The Government surveys show that every fifth teenager who was arrested for criminal actions, was younger that 14 and couldn't be sent to prison. Almost half of teenagers have an experience with drugs, alcohol

111

and sex under age of 16. A lot of teenagers who have drug or alcohol addiction almost never believe that they are dependent. These things are often combined with family and school problems. What has gone wrong? Some specialists explain that the changes of our society, the system of our life force young people to choose their own lifestyle. On the one hand, our society agrees that 15-17-year old people are old enough to be responsible for what they do and give them quite a lot of freedom and rights. On the other hand, most adults think that teenagers are too young to be taken seriously. This misunderstanding produced many problems. Actually, a lot of teenagers say that their parents let them do anything they want and are quite indifferent to their problems. Many teenagers get upset or depressed when they can't solve their problems. As a result, it makes them believe that

Do you agree with the conclusion of the author?

How can the text be titled?

13. Complete the sentences with a word from the box. Then write out

rate, the highest level of school … and the most drug-related crimes.

2. Dumfries and Galloway had the second highest … of teenage pregnancy and the second highest … of children in care or being looked after.

3. Health Minister said the figures demonstrated that … action was needed to tackle alcohol misuse among youngsters.

4. The number of youngsters who said they had … alcohol in the week before they were questioned rose from 19% to 21%.

5. The smoking rate remained … at 13% among girls while it had fallen to 9% among boys.

6. "We are working closely with Health Education Board for Scotland to educate young people about the dangers of … drinking.”

7. Alcoholics Anonymous has reported a steady rise in the number of young people … help.

112

14. Governments of various countries conduct surveys concerning youth health. Have you read any of them? Look through the notes. Do you think they are true? Read the article and check your answers.

-23% of young men in Britain are overweight;

-8% of young men in Britain are obese;

-even underweight women are trying to lose weight;

-women at the age of 18 smoke more than at 16;

-53% of young men aged 21drink at least 3 days a week.

The Health of Young People survey is the most comprehensive ever commissioned by the Department of Health.

The survey painted a grim picture of Britain's youth with smoking,

However, the research also uncovered evidence that many young females, aged 16-24, worry unnecessarily about their weight.

The survey found young women tended to perceive themselves as overweight when they were not. А

Among those with a desirable weight, 20% said they were too heavy and 45% were trying to loseбweight.

Even among underweight women 10% were trying to lose weight. Chief medical officerиProfessor Liam Donaldson said: "Weight at all

times of life is a particularly important predictor of health. If you are very overweight youСrun a risk of developing a heart attack or a stroke.

"The fact that a high proportion of children are overweight and 10% are obese is a worrying finding.

"But we found a group who, despite being below their ideal weight, were still trying to lose weight.

"That was particularly adolescent girls. We know about the problems of eating disorders and perception of body image among young girls, and this was a particularly worrying finding to find it confirmed in such a striking way in the survey."

The survey also found that among the 16-24 age group:

•The proportion of young men who smoke increased from 20% at the age of 16 to 40% at the age of 18. For young women the proportion was higher at the age of 16 (25%), but lower at the age of 18 (30%);

•The prevalence of cigarette smoking was much higher in lower social groups;

113

• The proportion of young men who reported drinking on at least three days a week increased from 10% at the age of 16 to 53% at the age of 21, and then declined to 42% at the age of 24. The corresponding percentages for young women were 6% at the age of 16, 32% at the age of 21 and 18% at the age of 24;

• Over half (53%) of young men aged 18-24 said they had exceeded four units of alcohol at least one day a week, and one third exceeded eight units at least once a week. Among women, 28% exceeded three units and 13% exceeded six units at least once a week.

Professor Donaldson said the survey showed that teenagers were prepared to take risks with their health.

He said: "We cannot stop it entirely. If we tried to stop it entirely we

"What we have to do is to help control it, ensure that fewer young children and teenagers adopt those adverse lifestyles, drinking, smoking

"If we can do that and stop them from carrying the behaviour forward into adult life we will have been successful."

The survey is based on informationАtaken in 1995, 1996 and 1997 from 14,582 children aged 2-15 and 5,126 young adults aged 16-24.

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/234624.stm

1.The police …..Сof aиplot.

2.Smoking in pregnancy ………………. the risk of producing a low birthweight baby.

3.If you refuse this assignment you …………………. losing your job.

4.The number of day students ………………….. from 2000 to 1000.

5.The novels are all …………………… the author’s life.

6.The number of job applicants ………………200……400. -б

17. Make your own sentences with the phrases.

114

18. Take a group survey. Find out how many students in your group smoke, drink alcohol, use drugs. Discuss your survey results.

19. Read about attitudes to alcohol in Europe. Is the problem serious enough? What do they do to reduce the incidence of binge drinking? Find in the Internet some information about the situation in other countries and prepare a short presentation.

SWEDEN

For many decades Swedes – including young Swedes – have had a rather low alcohol consumption when seen from a European perspective.

This has been due to a consistent national alcohol policy with a state monopoly on the sale of alcoholic beverages, strict rules on sales of alcohol to minors (defined in Sweden as under 20) and high alcohol prices.

Despite this, the trend has been upward ever since Sweden entered the

This is up from 20% non-drinking 15 to 16-year-olds in the late 1990s. In real figures, the council has found that on average boys of that age

drink 3.0 litres of pure alcohol, dramatically down from 5.3 litres at the peak year 2000 - girls consumed 2.2 litres in 2007, also down from 3.2 litres in their peak year 2005.

However, this decline is not seen among the slightly older Swedes. Young men in their early 20s in particular drink a great deal, and a great deal more than young women.

Young men between the age of 20 and 25 consume on average 14 pints of strong beer weekly while women of the same age group half as much.

By Julian Isherwood

SPAIN

Spain's problem with alcohol is minor compared with countries like

115

the United Kingdom.

The relative size of drinks in Spain is a good guide to the scale of the problem. When you order in a bar, the standard serving of beer is a caña - a glass with a volume of 200 millilitres, just over a third of the size of a British pint.

Many people start drinking in their early teens in Spain, but not just with their friends - often with their parents.

There's a high social tolerance for alcohol consumption and the atmosphere in which drinking is done - in bars, restaurants - is usually relaxed and more suited to slower drinking than in some other countries. It is rare to see alcohol-fuelled violence.

people meet and consume alcohol on the street is a cause of concern for some Spaniards who say it encourages binge drinking. Botellon has been banned in some cities.

But you only have to go out at night in Spain to see that, generally,

alcohol is well under control.

in Germany and led to some бlegislative changes.

The bar owner who served the boy was arrested and is awaiting trial. He is charged with causing grievous bodily harm resulting in death.

The government also decided to ban "drink all you can" parties, where guests could pay a certain amount to drink until they literally drop. It was at such a party where the 16-year-old had died.

Although the overall consumption of alcohol here has declined during the past years, some now drink more than ever. German teenagers are number two consumers of alcohol in Europe, topped only by British youth.

The problem is blamed on the fact that drinking is still a big part of German culture and that the alcohol industry is specifically targeting young people as new customers.

By Nadja Korinth

ITALY

116

While Britain's teenagers have gained notoriety for binge drinking, their Latin cousins have always been renowned for their restraint.

The quickest way to lose respect of your Italian friends and neighbours is to get drunk in public. Drinking on the streets is considered disrespectful.

But in the past few years, this more reserved, continental etiquette to drinking has been changing.

Over the summer the Italian government commissioned a series of reports which reveals a worrying new trend.

According to figures from the health ministry 17% of the Italian population are binge drinking at least once a month. One in five teenag-

encourages young people to drinkАto be 'cool'. These days you can't be 'part of the gang' in Italyиunless you drink.

unit. Drinking in moderationбwas something you learned from your father.

"We blame the growth in the sale of alcopops, the way the industry

"The second problem – is the breakdown of the traditional family С

"Young people were encouraged to enjoy a glass of wine at dinner.

Now parents work longer hours, the rhythm of life is changing and so is the father-son relationship."

The authorities in Rome have tried to crack down on binge drinking and the related violence, forcing bar owners to close early and to sell drinks in plastic beakers instead of glasses.

Last month the Ministry for Transportation forced through new changes to the law. It is now illegal to sell alcohol in discos after 2am.

By Christian Fraser http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/7093143.stm

117

20. What effect does alcohol have on the body? Read the following information and mark in the picture (pic. 28) the organs that are affected due to excessive drinking:

blood alcohol rises, drinkers feel more relaxed and are often more talkative. They become less aware of their behaviour and judgement is often

impaired. Loss of co-ordination and drowsiness may occur. The risk of accidents rises, particularlyСfor those involved in operating machinery and

driving cars. An individual with a blood alcohol level of 0.05 has twice the risk of having a motor vehicle accident as one with a blood alcohol level of zero.

Long term effects

Neglect of children.

Occupational Lateness or absences from work.

Demotion/failure to gain promotion.

Financial Loss of regular income from employment. problems Hardship from money spent on alcohol.

Gambling debts.

http://www.nevdgp.org.au/info/gastro/alcohol.htm

22. Write 10 sentences incorporating these word combinations.

120

23. Look at the picture (pic. 29) and say what the reading passage will be about. Then read the text and check your idea. What can be the title?

A town in Cornwall has brought in a curfew to try and stop kids behaving badly on its streets during the summer holidays.

Parents in Redruth are being encouraged to have under-10s home by 8pm, and under-16s home by 9pm.

The scheme is voluntary – meaning parents can chose whether they take part – and the aim is to make them take more responsibility for their kids.

But we wondered what YOU think about the plan?

Do YOU think it'll help stop anti-social behaviour and get kids home safely?

Or perhaps you think it is one step too far, and unfair on kids who DON'T do anything wrong.

121

Is there a curfew where you live, and if not, should there be?

1)"It is a fab idea! It will stop children staying out too late, yet they can still stay out until 8 or 9pm. The only thing I would change, is that for the kids that don't agree with the idea, they should make some clubs, so that when they want to stay out late they can and still have fun without causing trouble."

Ella, 11, Winchester, England

2)"It's a very good idea. Loads of kids are just going out drinking and smoking and causing trouble."

Sarah, 13, Liverpool, England

3)"I think it's a bad idea to have a curfew because you can't forget about having a really good time while you're out because you have to go

home. I think you should just ring your parents once or twice to make sure they know you're safe." И andshould be for the older teenagers thatДget drunk and make trouble

noise. I wouldn't stand for a curfew if one was in my area."

6) "What a brilliant idea! I reckon it will stop a lot of crime! They should do it in school term time, too."

Tom, 9, Wakefield, England

7) "You can't stop the bad behaviour in the streets because the children are brought up like that and the parents don't care what their children are doing."

Holly, 9, Fife, Scotland

8) "The police are TRYING to stop crime but is it working? It is the parents' responsibility to control their children, decide where they go and what they do!"

Morgan, 9, Kent, England

9) "I think it is good and bad: good because it is safer and bad because people could lie about their age, so to stay out later without an adult they should carry proof of what age they are."

122

Ellie, 10, Bristol, England

10) "NO. People say not to watch TV and get active and play outside, and now they're telling you that you can't go outside. And people who are bad who like smoking and drinking underage - do you really think they will go indoors at a specific time?"

Gemma, 12, Suffolk, England

11)"I think it is a good idea. I know what it's like! When I go to bed at about 11.30pm, I am woken by teens outside ringing door bells, playing football and shouting. It's really hard to sleep. I want it stopped!!"

Alannah, 11, Dundalk, Ireland

12)"I think it is a bad idea because little kids have to learn how to be safe at night."

complaining that we are spending too much time watching TV and playing video games, and now they are saying we have to!!"

and it's completely stereotypingАyoungДpeople. The vast majority of the youth are not going to commit crimes and how is this meant to be a free country? The government isбturning this democracy into a dictatorship and I won't stand for it. If it happens in my town, I am going to protest as a member of the YouthиParliament. We cannot allow this discrimination, prejudice and stereotyping to go on."

Alex, 13, Lincoln, England

14) "It's a terrible idea; it is blatant discrimination against the youth

Colette, 14,СWatford, England

15) "Curfews are meant to help stop teenage crimes/gangs and gun crime. However, the most troublesome kids are streetwise and will dodge the police. Many children feel that it is against their human rights and they feel that it is taking away their freedom. They all just want to go where they want when they want. Curfews may even increase teenage crimes. The same thing happened in America and it didn't work so why would it work in Cornwall?"

Clare, 13, London, England

16) "I think that it's good and bad, because it's good to keep children safe but then they're inside playing computer games and watching TV, which is another thing people worry about."

Calli, 13, London, England

17) "I know that there is a problem that needs a solution, but not all children cause trouble when they're outside. Some are playing and doing

123

some exercise instead of being inside in front of the TV! And adults don't have curfews so why should we?"

Beth, 13, Liverpool, England

18)"Well it's a good idea but some people will ignore it."

Sophie, 15, Wick, Scotland

19)"No. It'll punish people who've done nothing wrong as well as the troublemakers!"

Natasha, 16, Liverpool, England http://news.bbc.co.uk/cbbcnews/hi/newsid_7520000/newsid_7526800

/7526865.stm

24. Try to explain the following words. If you have some problems use

124

27. Look at the pictures (pic. 30a – 30c) and guess what years they are related to.

Pic. 30c

Did grown-ups have the same problems in their youth? Did they have the same interests?

125

28. Read about the youth of the 60s and complete the sentences:

1.The title of the article is…

2.The main idea of the article is…

3.The author reports …

4.He points out that…

5.He emphasizes the fact that…

6.It’s interesting to note that…

7.The author comes to the conclusion that…

8.In conclusion I can say…

9.The text might be interesting for…

10.I find the article interesting because…

Up until the late fifties you were either labelled a child or an adult – there was no in-between. But the sixties saw the rise of someone in be-

Teenagers were becoming more and more independent. In the way they lived, in their ideas, how they acted, the language they used and the music they listened to. Not to mention the clothes they wore. It was a very exciting time to be young. But these things made teenagers different and these differences often led to misunderstandings and arguments with the

crime. Young people hangingбaround in groups, whether they were Mods,

Rockers or whatever, were seen as being 'up to no good'. The truth was normally that they just had nothing else to do. Just like today. They were seen as selfish, discourteous and lacking in respect and the media painted a negative picture of them. Again, just like today!

In the sixties corporal punishment was legal – hitting children was still an everyday part of life. This meant that if someone thought you were up to no good then they might give you a "skelp" around the ear before taking you home to get "a hammering" from your mum, dad or both!

http://www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/education/as/sixties/standard/city/yout

h.shtml

29. Give the summary of the text “Scotland in the 60s”.

126

30.Do you have a mobile phone? Do you use it a lot? Who pays for the calls?

31.Is your mobile phone really necessary for you? Read the sentences and pick out those which are true about you.

- I have a mobile phone in case I get into trouble;

-it’s cheaper for my parents to pay for my mobile calls than for the phone at home;

-I like to send sms and chat with my friends any time I want;

-it’s fashionable;

-everyone has it and I am not an exception;

-it was my birthday present;

1.Which chart is called a pie chart, a graph, a barИchart?

2.Which chart is best for showing trends,Дproportions and persantages, comparisons? А

1998-9 1999-2000 2000-01

Pic. 31c

127

33.Read the texts and match them with the charts.

1)A mobile phone is stolen in the UK every three minutes. Almost

half of the victims (48%) of mobile phone theft are under 18. The average age of the thief is 16. In 2000 – 01, 28% of all robberies involved a mobile phone, compared with 16% in 1999 – 2000. This was double the number for 1998 – 99, when only 8% involved a mobile.

2)Smoking among 15 year olds fell from 30% to 23% between 1996 and 1999, while mobile phone ownership among 15 to 17 year olds rose from low levels in 1996 to 70% by August 2000. Is there a link? Experts think that using a mobile satisfies the same teenage needs as smoking. Both are a way of taking part in the social life of the group. Both offer a sense of style and individuality, making the user feel adult and independent. And many teenagers can’t afford to do both.

3)According to research, the majority ofИ18 to 24 year olds (88%) currently have a mobile phone for personal use. In a recent survey of their views, 32% said they can’t live withoutДtheir mobile phone. One in three (33%) said a mobile is important, but not essential and 28% said it’s nice

to have a mobile, but they could live without it. Only 7% said it doesn’t matter whether they have one or not.А

34.Project task. Find outбhow many students in your academy have mobile phones, smoke, drink alcohol. Interview at least 10 people. Draw your chart andиpresent it to the group. Are having a mobile phone and smoking interrelated according to your survey?

35.Read the Сpoem. What is it devoted to? Is the author young or adult? Are there such people on the streets of your city?by Jade from Wrexham

Can you imagine a night on the street,

Waking at dawn with nothing to eat,

The howling wind and the pouring rain,

The busy streets and the loud cars that reign.

Can you imagine a few days on the street,

Sleeping on the concrete with very cold feet,

Thinking of food and how much you could eat,

If you had it right there on the street.

128

Can you imagine weeks on the street,

Trying to get money then fighting the creeps,

Who at the dead of night,

Turf you out of bed,

Maybe with a knife or something else that brings dread.

Can you imagine months on the street,

Thinking of home and how it used to be,

Drinking hot cocoa while sitting by the fire,

Whiling away the hours in any old manner.

Can you imagine years on the street,

Still fighting for food,

Still fighting the creeps,

With nothing to say to anyone,

If they would listen which they probably won't.

And I haven't mentioned the terrible noises,

That come in the night when you don't want it,

Do you help the homeless? If yes, what do you do?

If you had enough money and authority what would you do for them?

129

37. Read the following rhyme words. Are they associated with unemployment? Make up some sentences using these words.

homelessness – hopelessness; aggression – depression; unemployed – avoid; noise – no choice; wonder – go under; night – fight; cheaper – a street sweeper; money – funny; park – dark; mind – kind; gold – cold.

38. Try to write a short poem about the homeless and unemployed.

40. Read the following interview with an 18 year old boy whose wish is to help homeless youngsters. Describe his idea to your partner.

Youth mayor to help homeless

Terry Jones wants to set up a dedicated hotline offering advice to homeless youngsters in the area.

The 18-year-old said improvements to the current service are vital to help young people.

130

"There are a lot of young people who have nowhere to go," he said. Terry was elected by members of Bridgend youth council, which is

made up of 14 to 25-year-olds from different backgrounds.

"During my time as youth mayor I want to focus on this problem mainly because I have had problems with it myself."

"I'm living in supported housing now but before that I was a 'sofa surfer' - sleeping in friends' houses."

"There is a big problem in the area."

"Lots of young people are sleeping in friends' houses and the problem is worse for boys."

He said that boys were not seen as a priority for housing and that many were often forced to sleep rough because they had no where to go.

"It is quite annoying because there are a lot of properties which are boarded up and yet there are people sleepingИrough," said Terry, who moved to Bridgend from his home city Birmingham.

mer to discuss the problem and find ways of helping tackle the issue. Terry, currently unemployed and a keen rapper in his spare time,

took up the voluntary post of youthАmayor for Bridgend after spending time as a member of the youth council.

He said that he plans to meet withДhousing officials later in the sum-

Bridgend Council saidбthat it was working closely with Terry and the rest of the youth council on the issue of homelessness in the area.

It said that it recognisedиthe need for a 24-hour helpline and for more housing to be made available.

"The councilСis already working with the youth mayor to identify the requirements for the 24/7 helpline," said a spokesman.

"There has been a follow-up meeting with the youth mayor and other members of the youth council to move forward on this helpline.

"Further discussions offer the opportunity to listen to the needs of young people," he added.

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/wales/south_east/3918001.stm

41. Do you know some examples when schoolgirls become moms? Does it often happen in Russia? In other countries? Read the text about Cyfle school and match the words with their definitions:

42. Read the text once again and complete the sentences:

1.Cyfle is a …

2.When they hear about a pregnant pupil they …

3.Their aim is …

4.At Cyfle they teach …

5.On Mondays …

6.A pupil can leave the class if …

School for pregnant pupils

tinue their education. Here, Teresa Foster Evans, the teacher in charge, ex-

There's a school is Wrexham allowing pregnantИschoolgirls to con-

PRU. We can teach up to approximately a dozen young moms each year and we also have an on site crèche so the girls can bring their babies with them. We will also offer other forms of support to the girl's family and sometimes the baby's father if he wants us to.

plains more: “Cyfle is a small school, Дknown as a 'pupil referral unit' or

family to discuss what willбhappen to her education. In Wrexham, school-

Girls are referred to Cyfle, usually by their schools or sometimes

girl moms are fortunate in that there is a special provision for them where they can get a high quality of education. Our aim is to support the pupil in as many ways as we can. This includes talking to her school to ensure that she can continue going to school safely until she is at least 28 weeks pregnant. If the baby's father is also at school and wants to attend antenatal or baby clinics we will also negotiate with the school to allow him to participate as fully as possible in his baby's care.

Once we have talked to both the parents and the school the girl continues in school until she is between 28 and about 34 weeks pregnant. At this point she transfers to Cyfle for teaching.

The girls are brought in by taxi each morning for 9:30 am and attend normal lessons for 4 hours, four days a week (Tuesdays to Fridays). We teach a core curriculum of GCSE (General Certificate of Secondary Education) English, Maths, Science, Child Development and Business and

132

Communication Systems (ICT). We also cover GCSE Short Course RE (Real Estate) and PSHE (Personal, Social and Health Education). If a pupil comes to us and she has already started other GCSEs which she wishes to continue then we will do our best to teach these subjects too. We try our best to match in our lessons to cover the same work as the pupils were doing at school.

We have excellent contacts with the maternity service. One of their midwives is a regular visitor to the unit and we call her in if we encounter any problems during the day. We expect all pregnant pupils to attend the Mums2B Clinic on Monday afternoons for their antenatal care and parenting classes. This is why there are no lessons at the unit on Mondays.

Once a pupil has had her baby she is given two weeks' maternity

When she returns to the unit the new mom brings her baby with her. We have an on site, free crèche. There is no expectation that the girl will

immediately dump her baby in the crèche and be prevented from seeing it

breast feeds she can leave the classАto do so at any point in the day, as she can if she has any worriesиor just is plain missing the baby. Our aim is to

again till lunch time. In fact, it is quite usual for the pupil to bring the baby

into the classroom for a few hours or even days until she is completely

for their babies as possible бwhilst giving them the freedom of a few hours a day to learn in the same way as any other teenager in Britain.”

happy to leave it in the care of our highly qualified crèche staff. If she

encourage bonding and for the girls to learn to take as much responsibility С

http://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/northeast/sites/youth_culture/pages/mum 6.shtml

43. Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions and try to make a common decision concerning this problem.

1.Is early pregnancy really a problem?

2.Why do you think so?

3.Are there any schools for school-girl mothers in Russia?

4.Are they necessary in your opinion?

5.What is done in your country to solve this problem?

6.What could you do if you had authority?

133

44. Scan the text “Facing the Problems of Youth” for about 10 minutes and try to answer the questions:

1. What is the story about?

2. Who is the author?

3. When was it published?

4. What is the main idea of each paragraph? Underline it. 5. Do you agree with the author?

45. Read Eleanor Roosevelt’s thoughts and write down the key phrases from the text in the appropriate order:

1) interchange of ideas; 2) tremendous energy;3) willing to talk;

it is a question of the educationбof parents, because so many parents, I find,

have lost their hold on their children. One reason for this is that they insist on laying down the law without allowing a free intellectual interchange of ideas between themselves and the younger generation. I believe that as we grow older we gain some wisdom, but I do not believe that we can take it for granted that our wisdom will be accepted by the younger generation. We have to be prepared to put our thinking across to them. We cannot simply expect them to say, "Our older people have had experience and they have proved to themselves certain things, therefore they are right." That is- n't the way the best kind of young people think. They want to experience for themselves. I find they are perfectly willing to talk to older people, but they don't want to talk to older people who are shocked by their ideas, nor do they want to talk to older people who are not realistic.

2. We might just as well accept things which are facts as facts and not try to imagine that the world is different, more like what we idealized in

134

the past. I have a letter just the other day from a mother who told me that she had brought up several daughters, and that they never did certain things which are very common today among young people. She was sure that if we never countenanced or spoke of certain things in our homes our children would never do those things. Well, it just so happens that I have a number of boys and they happen to know the mother's girls. I have, therefore, seen a good deal of them, and they did every single thing that their mother told me they never did. I think it would have been far better if she had established a type of genuine relationship with her children which would have allowed them to be honest with her. Then she would have had an opportunity to put across her own ideas with some kind of hope that they would at least be considered.

3.But if the relationship is such that youth has no desire to talk to older people, then, I think, it is entirely impossibleИto help the youth of today – and they need help badly. I think they are very glad to have it, too, when it is given in a spirit of helpfulness, not selfД-righteousness. We don't need to idealize things that are past; they look glamorous, but perhaps they were not so glamorous when we really lived through them.

4.My own feeling would beАthat the most important education is the education which will enable us, both in our homes and in our schools, to understand the real problemsбthat our children have to meet today. It is easy enough to impart book knowledge, but it is not so easy to build up the relationship between youthиand older people which is essential to the working out of their problems – very difficult problems on which young people need our leadershipСand our understanding.

5.We cannot pass over the fact that the world is a hard world for youth and that so far we have not really given their problems as much attention as we should. We smile – I smiled myself the other day when one young boy said that he hoped to go in and clean up politics. Politics need to be cleaned up, of course. Everything that is human needs that particular kind of enthusiasm. But we older people know that we don't always succeed as easily as these young ones think they can. Yet I doubt if we should smile. I think that we should welcome their help, and find places where this tremendous energy that is in youth – If it cannot be used immediately in making a living – may at least be used where it is so greatly needed today.

6.I should like to leave with you this one idea which I have been thinking about a great deal of late: the necessity for us as parents, as teachers, as older people, to put our minds on the problems of youth, to face re-

135

alities, to face the world as it is and the lives that they have to live – not as we wish they were, but as they are – and, having done that, to give our sympathetic help in every way that we can.

http://newdeal.feri.org/ELEANOR/hawaii.htm

46. Try to combine two corresponding sentence parts without looking into the text.

c) essential to the working out of their problems – very difficult problems on which young people need our leadership and our understanding.and they have proved to themselves certain things, therefore they are right."

e)both in our homes and in our schools, to understand the real problems that our children have to meet today.

f)free intellectual interchange of ideas between themselves and the younger generation.

136

g)I do not believe that we can take it for granted that our wisdom will be accepted by the younger generation.

h)parents, because so many parents, I find, have lost their hold on their children.

i)particular kind of enthusiasm.

j)but perhaps they were not so glamorous when we really lived through them.

k)her children which would have allowed them to be honest with her.

Correct combination

1 -__ 2 -__ 3 -__ 4 -__ 5 -__ 6 -__ 7 -__ 8 -__ 9 -__ 10 -__ 11 -__

47. There are some other opinions of solving youth problems. Some young people prefer reading books, listening to music, going in for sports to smoking, drinking and taking drugs. Read Irina’s story and compress it using the prompt below.

Free Time Activities

Most teenagers in Russia like to go out with their friends or simply talk. There are a lot of topics to discuss. Friends can help you find new records, computer programmes or just new opportunities to enjoy your free time. I feel I could share all my feelings with my friends and they would understand me very well. We usually go to McDonald’s, the city centre, or a disco club. We talk. For instance, my friend Viktor is nuts about Tolkien’s novels. He often tells us about the adventures of the characters from The Lord of the Rings. It’s great when teens form positive subcultures (e.g. Tolkienists) or listen to some positive music.

137

I know some teens who are fans of a music group or a singer. They collect posters and records, visit concerts regularly, and exchange pictures and news. They like to sing songs of their pop or rock idols and find information about them in the internet. On different websites, admirers can find pictures, and lyrics. Some even download the music.

Other teens are sport fans or go in for sports themselves. British boys and girls play their traditional sport games, such as cricket, soccer, rugby, golf, and tennis. American boys and girls usually play American football, baseball, and basketball. Cheerleaders are also very popular in the USA.

My friend and I like to play basketball and volleyball. In summer we play beach volleyball, badminton, and table tennis. But I would not like to join a sports team. I want to play just for fun, not to become a champion.

school or during vacations. They work for their pocket money or to support their families. They can work in a local pub, a shop, a supermarket, or a

golf club. The majority of kids prefer to deliver mail. Some work in sta-

perience while you are stillбat school.АI believe I could even work abroad. The best way toиrelax for me is travelling. If your parents are made of

bles, if they like horses; some work as baby-sitters, if they like babies. If I

could, I would work too, though in Russia teens have fewer job opportuni-

ties. I could babysit, deliver letters. It’s great to acquire some working ex-

money, you are a lucky dog. You may have the most breathtaking holidays at the resorts ofСSpain, Turkey, or the Bahamas. As a matter of fact, some

travelling and working experience is rather important, because universities and potential employers are very much in favour of students who have it.

http://englishforhelp.ucoz.ru/publ/11-1-0-105

48. Decide whether these statements are true or false according to the text.

1.Friends can help you enjoy your free time.

2.British boys and girls play baseball, and basketball.

3.American boys and girls usually play cricket, soccer, rugby.

4.In Britain and the USA many teenagers earn money after school or during vacations.

5.In Russia teens have a lot of job opportunities.

6.The best way to relax for Irina is travelling.

138

49. What do you do in your free time? Your friends? Can your friend help you when you are in trouble? And you? Can friendship be the cure for drinking or drugs taking? Continue the dialogue discussing these problems.

–Who is your best friend?

–Phil. I can always rely on him.

–Do you have similar interests?

–Yes, we are never bored with each other. I can learn a lot of interesting things from them. Besides he is a person who stands by you to the end. And who can you turn for help to?

–To Jane. She never ignores my problems. I always share my troubles with her. She is supportive. Once…

50. In pairs copy the table and fill it in for your partner by asking him/her questions. Then find out what he/she did or is going to do to get out of them? Give your advice.

notes for a short presentation. Don’t forget to bring some pictures illustrating your information.

Sports against Drugs

Once a cool holiday called “Sports against drugs” took place in Sokolniki Park in Moscow. Audience’s attention was attracted with a great number of sports competitions, which both sportsmen and onlookers took part in with pleasure. There is no secret that new generation is striving for dynamic life. But where can they spend their life activity except sports? Now extreme sports are very popular among the youth. Roller-skating is one of the most popular among them. Where else can you feel sensation of high speed, no matter whether a roller skates good? Who would ever expect that there would be so much volunteers who would be eager to take part in Open Roller Skates Tournament?

139

There were competitors at the age of 5 to 45. Just fancy how it looked! The atmosphere of the competitions was astonishing: modern music, extreme sport and fine weather, what else does advanced youth want? I decided to have a chat with one of these advanced chap nickname Bruise to know what he differs from others:

–What is your life motto?

–Onward to success, stop at nothing.

–What do you think about while you skate?

–Nothing. When I skate I forget all my problems and troubles, I air my head. It lets me be happy in my own way.

–What do you feel when you see a roller-girl doing excellent tricks on a high level?

–Oh, self-respect. Don’t let me leave it alone. I’ll try to do the same better then she. И

–Do you prefer to wear the same clothes when you don’t skate?

–Yes, of course. My clothes areДmy distinctive feature. People see that I’m a roller even though I’m without roller skates. It’s cool.

–I heard that roller-skating divides into two directions – fitness and aggressive. What is the difference?А

–Well, if you like to skate without any tricks and feel that it’s enough for you, this style isбcalled fitness. But if you want adventures, you can choose aggressive one, which also has two directions, called “street” and “rumpa” Make it иplain, “street” is skating on spring-board, and “rales” and “rumpa” is half-round area, where rollers show their skills. To put it in a nut shell, it’s yourСown choice.

I really didn’t regret that I visited this holiday. I convinced myself in reality that the world without drugs exists. You have to seek it yourself.

52. In a small group, discuss your answers to the following questions.

1.Most people have heard that nicotine, the substance in tobacco, is addictive. What other substances or activities can people be addicted to or dependent on? Make a list of other addictions.

2.Do you know anyone who has been addicted to one of the items on your list? If so, describe that person and his or her addiction.

140

53. Write an essay (about 300 words). You may choose the topic you like:

1.There are more and more pressures on young people to drink alcohol and they are worried that if they don't, people will think there is something wrong with them.

2.There is a blurring between illegal drugs such as cannabis and legal ones such as alcohol or tobacco in youth culture.

3.Youth crime is a huge problem.

54. Read the text and circle the words that mean:

3) the activity of playing games of chance for money; 4) the activity of going to stores and buying things; 5) a way of communicating information to people;

6) possibility of something happeningАthat will injure, harm or kill somebody, or damage or destroy something;

For years, researchersибhave been trying to make sense of the biology and psychologyСof addiction – its causes and its cures. In the past, addictions were viewed primarily as addictions to substances such as drugs, alcohol, and nicotine. Recently, however, many researchers have begun to think that people can also be addicted to activities such as gambling, sex, shopping, and even travel.

7) a fact or an event in nature or society, especially one that is not fully understood.

One activity that has become increasingly common throughout world especially among young people is computer use, specifically on-line computer communication through a medium called the Internet. Although many people are discovering what a powerful communication tool the Internet is, others are also realizing its dangers. Many young people have begun overusing this new tool and are spending hours and hours on-line. In fact, some psychologists have even labeled this overuse phenomenon as Internet addiction.

141

55. Read the statements that follow. Write A (agree), D (disagree) or “?” (don’t know) next to each statement. Compare your answers with those of a partner, and discuss your opinions. Use the following expressions to challenge arguments:

*I’m sorry, but I’m afraid you’re missing the point.

*No, I believe that’s really not true.

*So what exactly are you talking about?

*In the case…, this is simply not so.

*I find this really hard to believe.

1. A person who spends 15 to 20 hours a day using a computer could be called an addict.

3. Communicating with friends and family via a computer is cold and im-

4. People become dependent on their computer to avoid work and social activities.

56. Read the passage. Then lookАat the list of expressions that follow. Find the word in the passageбthat is similar in meaning, and write the number in the blank.

Bill, a student atиthe University of Maryland, says, “I have been using the Internet for about a year. Now I spend most of the day on-line. I am trying to cut myСhours, but I simply don’t have the strength to. I’m like an alcoholic who can’t control his habit.” For years, people have been addicted to things like nicotine, gambling, or alcohol. However, now a new (1) high-tech addiction called Internet addiction is rapidly becoming the latest problem of the computer age.

College and university students, businesspeople, and homemakers are just some of the people who are spending hours and hours in front of their computer screens. They are sending (2) e-mail, playing computer games, or entering (3) chat rooms where they can communicate with strangers all over the world on their computer.

At first, these individuals went on-line for work, study, or pleasure and spent one or two hours a day on their computer. However, the hours gradually increased. They begun to (4) surf the Net for longer and longer periods of time.

142

Bill’s (5) compulsiveness, his inability to stop thinking about his online activity, turned into a serious psychological problem. He gave up his friends. Stopped playing basketball, and neglected his schoolwork. Instead he found (6) fulfillment by communicating electronically with strangers.

Psychologists have become concerned about this growing problem. They feel that Internet addicts are avoiding the (7) intimacy that comes from live, nonelectronic communication. Counselors worry that students will not go through the normal social (8) developmental stages. As a result, at many colleges, counseling centers are now offering (9) support groups, a special form of (10) therapy that is helping these students control their on-line habit.

____e) inability to control certain behavior

____f) an electronic way for individuals to send messages via the computer

____g) electronic discussion groups in which several people exchange

57. Read the survey. It is used to diagnose Internet addiction. Test yourself or your friend.

Hooked on the net? Let’s find out

Take this quiz to see if your passion for the “Net” has become an allconsuming addiction. Check the answers. Remember, be honest!

1.Do you check your e-mail more than six times a day?

2.Do you lose track of the time because you are on the computer all night?

3.Do you dream about surfing the Net?

4.Have you ever missed class or called in sick to work because you were too busy on-line?

5.Do you introduce yourself by immediately giving out your e-mail address?

143

6.Do you neglect your pets because you are on-line and forget to feed and walk them?

7.Does your family constantly complain that you are spending too much in front of the computer?

8.Have you forgotten to do your usual chores around the house?

9.Do you talk more to your friends around the world via e-mail than you do to your neighbors?

10.Do you feel uncomfortable at the thought of going on vacation without your computer?

SCORING

strategize

support

symptom

144

59. Read the following paragraphs and fill in the blanks with the correct form of the words from the chart (ex. 58).

For many years now, Patty, age 27, liked to shop. Stylish and savvy, a vice-president at a large public relations firm, she enjoyed expensive food, jewelry, and clothes. However, for years she battled periods of sadness and endured sudden (1) ________________ attacks. Her (2)

________________ worsened when her longtime boyfriend suddenly left her for another woman. She felt lonely and isolated. Needing to feel satisfied and (3) _______________ in some way, Patty started to spend money like there was no tomorrow.

Every day, in an effort to fight her (4) _______________ she begun to hang out in shopping malls during her lunch hour and after work. At

first she bought only small items like cosmetics or inexpensive jewelry. But soon she was charging huge sums of moneyИon her credit cards, buying

designer clothing, shoes, and handbags. Feeling totally out of control, she

hundreds of dollars on unnecessary items purchased on the cable television shopping channel or from mail-order catalogs. She was so (6)

had a (5) ______________ need to buyДwhenever she could. She spent

_____________ that she couldn’t resist buying from the local street vendors. Her friends and family refused to (8) ____________ her financially and help her out of her debt. Nothing could stop her spending – not fear,

Patty was one year of intensiveбgroup (11) _____________. And finally,

one year later, Patty is out of debt and in control: a recovered shopaholic.

60. Write a paragraph describing a person you know who has an addiction. Use at least 20 words from the chart (ex. 58).

61. Read the text about another form of addiction. Use some phrases in the list to answer the question in the title.

A beautiful girl looks across the dinner table, by candlelight, at an attractive young man; they smile. It is the end of dinner. Everyone gets up from the table. Will he come over to her?ДYes, he is walking over to her. She is pleased. She pauses while he comes near her. Then suddenly when he is near, she turns round and walks quickly away. This was the beginning of an advertisement in British cinemasА– an anti-smoking advertisement. As she walks from the dining-room alone, the beautiful girl turns towards us. “Ugh,” she says, “he smellsбlike an old ashtray.”

The British Government had a campaign against smoking. In this film they persuaded usиin a new way. “Smoking makes you unattractive.” Perhaps this message is more successful than earlier ones. In the past, most anti-smokingСcampaigns told us “Stop smoking, it is very bad for your health”. Advertisements listed the number of people who die every year from cancer and other lung diseases because they smoke cigarettes. But the public did not take enough notice. The habit of smoking is very strong. When the Government announce the results of medical studies on cigarette smoking, for a short time smokers are worried. They buy fewer cigarettes for two or three months. But six months later sales are up again.

In 1971 the British Government made a law about smoking. Every packet of cigarettes, even imported ones, must have a health warning on it. The warning says: Warning by the Government: Smoking can damage your health. Every advertisement for cigarettes in magazines and newspapers must also say this. On British trains there only used to be a few carriages marked “No smoking”. In many airplanes now there is a special “No smoking” section. But people still puff away at cigarettes where and when they can. They know that tar and nicotine in tobacco is bad for them – they

146

cough, they are short of breath and some people die of lung cancer. Aren’t people worried about their health? Do they enjoy smoking so much that they don’t care if they are ill? Perhaps this is true.

But the habits of younger people are not too fixed. That why such kind of films are for young people. Advertisements in cinemas show attractive young men and women who smoke. Other young people look at them and say: “Yes they are attractive, but, Ugh! Their hair and clothes smell of tobacco; their teeth and fingers are all yellow.” “Do you want to kiss an old ashtray?” Teenagers often have their first cigarette because they think they look older and more sophisticated if they smoke. Perhaps they won’t continue if they think it is unattractive.

For the obstinate smokers the Government in Britain was printing

tar and nicotine in them. The picture shows which ones are the least harm-

very big advertisements in all the newspapers. They said “If you cannot stop smoking you must choose cigarettes carefully.ИSome brands have less

ful.” At the top of the advertisement thereДwas something to shock the smoker. In big letters it said: CHOOSE YOUR POISON.

as a model, design your own Аsurvey to diagnose the addiction you chose. Use all informationиfrom above exercises. You may use the same scoring system as in the model.

62. Work in pairs. Choose one of the “other addictions” such as com-

pulsive shopping, workaholism, compulsive eating, compulsive gambling, exercise addiction, бand so on. Using the Internet Survey (ex. 57)

63. Use your surveyСto interview a friend or a group mate. Share the results with the group. Discuss it.

64. Read the description of the situation and the roles for this activity. Use the ideas and vocabulary from the unit.

Situations and roles

Every year, the National Psychological Association holds a conference to discuss professional issues. This year’s theme is “Addiction.”

You are psychologists attending the conference. The afternoon sessions or meetings are made up of interactive discussions about addiction. During these special sessions, participants share and build on each other’s ideas. Then they must summarize their discussions for the participants in the other sessions.

147

65.Break up into three groups, decide which session each group will role-play, and choose a leader and a note-taker.

66.Conduct a highly interactive discussion session. Share all your ideas and questions. Make sure the note taker writes down the main points.

67.Summarize your discussion for the whole group.

Session One: Addictive Personalities

Discussion Topic: Are some people more likely to develop an addiction than other people?

148

Self-Assessment

Module 3

1.Look through Module 3 to find the answers to the questions 1 – 20.

1.What problems worry young people in the world today?

2.Do adults understand teens today?

3.What is a ‘generation gap’?

4.What is done in Europe to reduce the incidence of binge drinking?

5.What effect does alcohol have on the body?

6.What is “curfew”?

7.Did grown-ups have the same problems and interests in their youth?

8.What can be done to help homeless youngsters? What is done in your country?

9.What is the aim of schools for pregnant pupils?

10.What free time activities are popular in Britain?ИIn Russia?

11.How can free time activities influence smoking and drug addition rate?

12.Can your friend help you when you areДin trouble? And you?

13.Can friendship be the cure for drinking or drugs taking?

14.What event aimed to prevent drug addition was held in Sokolniki Park in Moscow? А

15.What does it mean to be an Internet addict?

16.Why have psychologistsбbecome concerned about the growing problem of Internet addiction?

17.What is shopaholismиand how to treat it?

18.What is meant by “other addictions”?

19.What crimesСare widespread among youngsters? Why?

20.Make recommendations to solve youth problems in Russia.

149

2. There are at least 28 hidden words. Find them!

150