Модуль №1 Английский язык ответы на вопроссы

1. When was the NMU founded? Whom by?

- The NMU was founded in 1841 as a Medical Department of Kyiv Saint Volodymyr University.

2. Who was the first dean of the department of medicine of Kyiv Saint Volodymyr University?

- The first dean was dean well-known surgeon V.I.Karavayev.

3. When did our university assume the status of an independent higher medical institution?

- In 1921 the university assumed the status of an independent higher medical institution.

4. What contribution to medicine did Bohomolets make?

- He was the founder of a large school of physiologists and path physiologists.

5. Who was Pirogov and what is he famous for?

- Pirogov Nicolay Ivanovich is the famous surgeon; the founder of Medical Department of Kyiv Saint Volodymyr University.

6. What were the first three faculties of the NMU?

- They were curative, pediatric and the faculty of sanitation and hygiene.

7. What faculties are there at University now?

- There are 8 faculties at University now: the I-IV Medical, Pharmaceutical, Stomtological, Medico-Psychological and the faculty to training Military doctors.

1. Who can enter the higher medical education establishments?

- If you wish to become a physician, a dentist or a surgeon you must enter one of the medical university.

2. What exams do to the applicants take to enter a medical University?

- To enter them the applicants take the competitive entrance exams and only who achieve good results are admitted.

3. How long does the course of study last in medical universities?

- The term of training at most Ukrainian higher medical universities is five years a pharmacist and

a dentist and six years to became a specialist in great variety of medical specialist.

4. What subjects do the medical students study in the course in they training?

- During the course they attend lectures and have practice in Anatomy …

5. How long does the course of internship last? What does in depend on?

- After the six years the students must undertake a internship, for specialist in medicine the term

of internship is two year, for surgeon – three year.

6. Where do the senior students have their practical training?

- The students have practical training in hospitals, clinics, and …

1. When do the candidates take exams to a medical school in Great Britain? What are they?

- Entrance examination a both oral and written. Students take this exams at the and 6-years secondary-school course, 18-19 age.

2. What degrees are given to medical students after the final examinations in Great Britain?

- After the internship yang doctors obtains a “Certificate of Experience” from the medical schools and

he she may work as medical practitioner.

3. What final exams do students take? What are the requirements before finals in Obstetrics and Gynecology?

The final examinations or finals are in Medicine, Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology. Students must

assist in operations. Before finals in Obstetrics and Gynecology the students must assist during the

delivery of a least 20 baber.

4. How long does the residency last and is it obligatory for young doctors in Great Britain?

- It takes 1 or 2 years of work in a hospital in some field.

5. What kinds of hospital do medical students have their practical training in?

- In the wards and in the out-patient department a students have their practical training.

6. Is medical education in the USA and GB free or not? Explain why?

- Medical education is not free in USA. Only a small part of students receive scholarships.

7. What degree do students receive at the end of 4 years of study in the USA?

- At the end of 4 years all students receive the Degree of Doctor of Medicine.

8. What is the period of internship and residency in the USA?

- The period of internship one year. After the internship doctors must have a period of residency in a clinic, generally it is 3-4 years.

9. What choice do medical students in the USA have after finishing a premedical school?

- The students, who finished premedical schools, and called “premeds” can entrance in university.

1. What are the principal parts of the human body?

- The human body consists of 4 parts: head, neck, trunk, and 4 limbs.

2. Name the systems of the body?

- The skeleton, cardiovasculatory, digestive, endocrine, nervous, respiratory, reproductive and urinary systems.

3. What are the principal organs in the chest and abdominal cavity?

- In the chest contains the heart and lungs. In the abdomen – there are the stomach, the liver, the gall-bladder, the kidneys, the spleen, the intestines…

4. What parts are the upper and lower extremities divided into?

- The upper extremity is divided into the shoulder, the upper arm, the forearm, and the hand. The parts of the lower extremity are the thigh, the lower leg and the foot.

5. What is the composition of blood and plasma?

- The blood is made up of two parts, plasma and blood cells (the red and white corpuscles) and the plasma is composed of water and waste substances.

6. How many cavities are there in the body? What are they?

- There are 3 main cavities: the cranial, the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities.

7. What does the circulatory system consist of? What is its function?

- The circulatory system, the chief transport system of the body consists of 3 essential parts: the blood, the heart and blood vessels.

8. What kinds of cells are found in the blood? What is the function of each of them?

- The corpuscles are cells and are divided into red and white corpuscles. The red corpuscles (erythrocytes)

the oxygen carries of the body.

9. What belongs to the alimentary canal? What Function do liver, pancreas …?

- It consists of the oral cavity, the gullet, the stomach, the intestines.

10. Which glands are involved in the process of digestion?

- The pancreas, the stomach and intestines glands.

1. What methods did people use in the past to prevent illness?

- Folk medicine prescribed a dirty sock around the neck if you wanted treat cramps. Tobacco juice was supposed to heal an earache and black pepper to cure asthma.

2. What is acupuncture? Why has it become so widely used?

- Acupuncture – a part of Chinese medicine since ancient time. Originally it was used to treat diseases; nowadays a effectiveness in controlling chronic pain has become more widely used.

3. What was Hippocrates contribution to medicine?

- Hippocrates the ancient physician, father of medicine. He supported that disease had only natural causes.

The first to separate art and medicine from the practice of religion.

4. What event marked the beginning of the scientific approach to medicine?

- In the middle of the 14th century the bubonic plague killed one fourth of the Europe population.

5. What medical discoveries and advances were made last century?

- The 20th century has trough medical advanced in medicine: that’s are open-heart surgery, transplantation, vaccines, EKG, EEG …

6. When was the role of the heart and blood circulation discovered? Whom by?

- In the early 1600s. William Harvey discovered how blood circulates in the body and describing this circulation and the role of the heart.

7. Why is the study of human body anatomy important for physicians work?

- Because, physician can treat the disease … Dissection enabled physicians to identify the heart and its circulatory system, the major nerves…

8. Do new disease appear with peoples change of their lifestyles and environment?

- Yes, it is.