Establishing and explaining the reasons for breakdowns of faults
When something on the bridge breaks down or is faulty, it is necessary to establish the reason and to rectify the deficiency as soon as possible. For this reason, the vessel is supplied with operational manuals for all types of equipment and devices both on the bridge and in the engine rule. Usually if something happens on the bridge which concerns the operation of bridge equipment, the ship handler must quickly assess the situation and switch to the additional devices. For example, in case if the screen of the radar is not lit, the ship handler switches from X-band radar to S-band radar and calls for the mechanical engineer or for an electrician to establish the reason and to fix the device.
The manual usually gives the necessary information in the form of a fault table or a fault chart showing some common running troubles. When we use a chart, we usually try to find a specific piece of information which will direct us to what we want to know. The information in the chart is divided into effects – что произошло (for eg. Engine refuses to start), causes– причина (for eg. No fuel), where to look – куда смотреть (for eg. Fill in the tank), and remedies – «лекарства», способы, как исправить)
52. Ordering Admiralty Publications
Admiralty Sailing Directions Admiralty List of Lights and Fog Signals Amiralty List of Radio Signals Admiralty Tide Tables Admiralty Tidal Streams atlases Admiralty ECDIS and ENC Reference Publications Admiralty Nautical Almanac Admiralty Mariner’s Handbook General publications and reference guides
Также обычная форма письма.
53. Gmdss as means of onboard communication
The Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) is an internationally agreed-upon set of safety procedures, types of equipment, and communication protocols used to increase safety and make it easier to rescue distressed ships, boats and aircraft.
GMDSS consists of several systems, some of which are new, but many of which have been in operation for many years. The system is intended to perform the following functions: alerting (including position determination of the unit in distress), search and rescue coordination, locating (homing), maritime safety information broadcasts, general communications, and bridge-to-bridge communications. Specific radio carriage requirements depend upon the ship's area of operation, rather than its tonnage. The system also provides redundant means of distress alerting, and emergency sources of power. The main types of equipment used in GMDSS are: Emergency position-indicating radio beacon (EPIRB), NAVTEX, Inmarsat, Search and rescue locating device, Digital selective calling. GMDSS sea areas: Sea Area A1, A2, A3, A4.
54. Documents required for cargo oparetions: explain term: stowage plan, Cargo plan, Mate’s receipt, tallies, Bill of Lading, Conditions of Carriage, Sea Protest.When cargo operations are carried out aboard the vessel, it is necessary to prepare documents required for cargo operations. Stowage plan (which is often called a cargo plan) – is the plan and method by which different types of cargo are loaded on the vessel to maximize the economy of shipping and safety on board. When the cargo is being loaded or unloaded, the tallymen and crewmembers count the cargo and make notes in their tallies. Bill of Lading – is an official document issued by a carrier or his agent to acknowledge receipt of cargo for shipment. It states the condition and terms in which the cargo was delivered. Conditions of carriage are stated in the bill of lading and in the contract of carriage. Under such contract the Carrier undertakes to perform carriage from the Port of Loading to the port of Discharge. Sea protest – is a legal document which declares that because of the circumstances beyond control the vessel has suffered losses of cargo or damage to ship or cargo or that the Master has had to take actions that may render his owners liable to legal procedures by other parties.
55. Claims on responsibilities of the parties concerning the delivery of cargo.
Hamburg, 27th June, 2017
Messrs. Saghetti & Tuena, Agents & Brokers,
19th Avenue, 4,
Hamburg, Germany
Dear Sirs,
I have to draw your attention to the fact that owing to the negligent and careless of the parties responsible for delivery of cargo, the cargo was not loaded aboard my vessel at ample time.
In this circumstances I have to make an official statement that the cargo operation were continued longer, that it was expected before and is therefore my vessel left the port 9 hours later that it was predicted.
Yours faithfully,
A.S. Pushkin Master of m/v “Mariupol Star
56. Example Notices of readiness for cargo handling operations of various cargoes.
Bordeaux, 17th August, 2017
NOTICE OF READINESS
Messrs. C. Rochale & Co.,
27 Rue de France,
Bordeaux, France
Dear Sirs,
This is to inform you that the m/v “Mariupol Star” under my command has arrived at this port today at 15.00 hours local time, received free pratique and is in all respects ready for cargo operations.
Yours faithfully,
M.U. Lermontov
Master of the m/v “Mariupol Star”
57. Звездный глобус. Подбор астрономический светил.
Звёздный глобус — объёмное изображение небесной сферы с нанесёнными на неё экватором, сеткой небесных меридианов и параллелей, эклиптики, основных созвездий и звезд, используемых при определении места судна.
3вёздный глобус позволяет решать задачи мореходной астрономии, не требующие большой точности: подбор нескольких звезд для астрономических наблюдений, определение названия наблюдаемой звезды и времени восхода и захода светил, их азимуты в этот момент и другое.
Для опознания неизвестного светила крестовину вертикалов своей оцифрованной стороной устанавливаем на отсчет горизонтального кольца, равный азимуту светила (пример А=255°). Индекс на крестовине вертикалов устанавливаем на отсчет, равный высоте светила (пример h=40°). Неопознанная звезда (планета) должна находиться вблизи индекса