Unit 17. Интонация приложения. Intonation of apposition.
Приложение, ограничивающее значение существительного, тесно связано с ним и не выделяется в отдельную синтагму. Например:
Приложение, выступающее в качестве дополнительной информации в форме ремарки, обычно выделяется в отдельную синтагму, ударно и произносится тем же тоном, что и определяемое слово, но на более низком уровне. Например:
Exercise I. Read the following sentences. Pay attention to the intonation of apposition.
1. Mark Twain, the famous American writer was travelling in France. 2. The part of Great Britain, lying south of the Scottish border, (Cheviot Hills), and east of Wales is England. 3. All my family (except for me) is involved in farming. 4. Robert Burns, Scotland's bard and the world's poet was born in 1759. 5. My brother-in-law, Peter Smith, is a teacher. 6. I'm speaking of Caracus, the capital of Venezuella. 7. That's my son, the local doctor. 8. Is that your host, the famous steel magnet? 9. That's William the Conqueror. 10. I'm from Dayton, Ohio. 11. Another Englishman John Belias, the author or Little Guide Book of Moscow wrote: "Who would not wish to visit the old capital — Moscow, with its Kremlin and golden domes?" 12. Before bills (proposed laws) can become acts (laws) they must be approved by both Houses of Parliament.
Exercise II. Listen to the sentences. Mark the stresses and tunes. Read them.
1. Buckingham Palace, one of the homes of the king and queen, is not far from the Hall. 2. Jocelyn, my other sister, is seventeen. 3. If the Kremlin is the symbol of Russia then the Saviour's Tower (Spasskaya Bashnya) is the symbol of the Kremlin. 4. The House of Lords cannot originate, amend or reject money bills (bills concerned with imposing taxes and authorising the spending of public money). 5. Another Tower, the Clock Tower, is famous for the clock named "Big Ben". 6. It was designed by Christopher Wren, famous English architect. 7. Geoffrey Chaucer, the famous English poet of the 14th century, was the first to be buried in the Poet's Corner. 8. Here we can see one of the most colourful and stirring of all London ceremonies, the Changing of the Guards. 9. The name of one of London's lost rivers is commemorated in Fleet Street, the former centre of the British newspaper industry.
Exercise III. Read the text. Find the apposition. Mark the stresses and tunes. Render the text.
The Tower of London, one of the most fascinating historical places, is situated on the North bank of the Thames. It dates back from Roman times and was strengthened by William the Conqueror. It was at times a fortress, palace and prison. Many great people were beheaded in the Tower. Among them were Sir Thomas More, the author of the famous "Utopia", Sir Walter Raleigh, explorer and historian and others. As English people are very fond of traditions the Tower guards (Beefeaters) wear the same uniform as the one they wore many centuries ago.
Unit 22. Интонация сложносочиненных предложений. Intonation of compound sentences.
В сложносочиненных повествовательных предложениях первая и вторая части их обычно произносятся с низким нисходящим тоном. Например:
Однако, если существует причинно-следственная связь, первая часть произносится с восходящей интонацией. Например:
Exercise I. Mark the stresses and tunes and read the following sentences.
1. Sunday is a holiday in Christian countries and Friday is a holiday in Muslim countries.
2. There are many holidays in Russia but the most favourite is New Year's Day.
3. It was raining hard and we decided to stay at home.
4. She was a beauty and he decided to get acquainted with her.
5. His clothes were dirty and he was afraid to ask where Mr. Rank's house was.
6. His father and mother were dead, his cousin was his only close relative.
7. He had brothers and sisters in London but he never saw them.
8. She felt afraid and excited, Halloween was the night of the ghosts.
9. His child was kidnapped and he had to pay 10.000 dollars as a ransom.
10. He loved Ann but she didn't agree to marry him.
Exercise II. Complete the following sentences, make them compound.
1. Katherine of Aragon didn't give Henry the son and he...
2. Edward became King of England but he...
3. Katherine was eighteen and John...
4. She met him secretly at night but her husband...
5. Morning came at last and I...
6. They went by train and it...
7. They found Lucy's body in the coffin but she...
8. Her parents weren't interested with her any more and she...
9. Paul had other girl friends and sometimes Helen...
10. He didn't take her on the tour and she...
11. The students get tired towards the end of the term and they really...
12. In some English schools classes finish in early July but most schools finish in mid to late July.
Exercise III. Intone the text and read it.
One of the greatest Italian painters Michelangelo Merisi was born in 1573 and he was called Caravaggio after his native town in Lombardy. Caravaggio lived on the fringe of respectable society and his short life was marked by violence and disaster. He was in constant trouble with authority and he had to flee Rome in 1606 after the murder of a man. He was pardoned but soon he died of Malaria at the age of 37. He painted many famous pictures but his favourite one was "The Creation of Adam". Caravaggio's paintings were condemned by many artists and critics in Italy but two of the greatest painters in the 17th century Rembrandt and Velasquez considered themselves to be his followers.