Займенники many, much, few, little

ГЙ^ ^books (^friends)

S work (time)

A lot of==many,much

X. Перекладіть речення українською мовою:

1. They translate very many articles into English. 2. This library has few English books. 3. The teacher gave us much homework. 4. We have little work to do. 5. Have you many or few friends? 6. How much time did you spend on this translation? 7. He spends too little time on this kind of work. 8. The teacher" asked us very few questions. 9. He usually has a lot of free time. 10. We saw a lot of people there. 11. We work much every day. 12. He reads much (a lot) but his sister reads very little. 13. Do you read much? 14. He reads a lot of books and newspapers. 15. He has a few friends. 16. I've got a little time.

XI. Доповніть речення одним із займенників, які стоять у дужках:

\. (Many, much) students were present at this lecture. 2. Do you read (many, much)? 3. He reads very (little, few) 4. There are (little, few) English books in this library. 5. They asked this professor (many, much) questions. 6. She spends (many, much) time on this kind of work. 7. He had so (little, few) time for his rest 8. She had (little, few) pens too.

»

9* 35

ХII. Перекладіть англійською мовою:

І. У нас багато друзів. 2. У них мало англійських підручників. 3. Вони виконали багато роботи. 4. Я читаю багато англійських кни­жок. 5. Мій брат читає мало. 6. У неї багато роботи. 7. Сьогодні на лекції мало студентів. 8. У них мало вільного часу.

Спонукальні речення

Give me your book, please. Read and translate this text.

Don't open the window, please.

Let me read this text, Let us go to the cinema.

XlII. Прочитайте і перекладіть речення:

І- Take the book and open it at page 7. 2. Don't be late. 3. Give your book to this girl. 4. Go to the door and close it, please. 5. Let's go to" the cinema together. 6. Let her bring some dictionaries. 7. Give me a: glass of water, please. 8. Don't open the window. 9. Take this pen and write down your name. 10. Listen to me attentively.

XIV. Перекладіть речення англійською мовою:

1- Відповідайте на мої запитання. 2. Дайте мені цей підручник, будь ласка. 3. Не відчиняйте дверей. 4. Сідайте, будь ласка. 5. Давайте виконаємо це завдання. 6. Хай вони допоможуть нам. 7. Не сідайте біля вікна. 8. Допоможіть мені перекласти цей текст.

STEP 2. VOCABULARY. TEXTS

СЛОВОТВОРЕННЯ

Суфікси іменників, які виражають абстрактні поняття:

-ion. to discuss дискутувати discussion дискусія (-tfon) to produce виробляти production продукція

-siwr to include включати inclusion включення (-sslon) to transmit передавати transmission передача

/- Перекладіть слова українською мовою:

to invent — invention; to observe — observation; to agree— agree­ment; to connect — connection; to educate — education; to include — inclusion; to apply — application; to mobilize — mobilization; to in­troduce — introduction.

36

Суфікси іменників, які утворені від дієслів:

-ment to move рухати movement рух

to develop розвивати development розвиток

-ure (-ture, to create створювати creature створення

-sure, -ssure)to mix змішувати mixture суміш, мікстура

//. Перекладіть слова українською мовою:

to improve — improvement; to press — pressure; to achieve — achievement; to sign — signature; to govern — government; to de­part — departure; to treat — treatment; to pay — payment; to please — pleasure; to establish — establishment.

///. Запам'ятайте слова та словосполучення до тексту:

impressive (im'presivj вражаючий (що справляє враження)

surgical ['s3:d3ikl] хірургічний neurological [.nju:ara'bd3iklj неврологіч­ний

ward [w3:d| палата

procedure (pro'sidga] rwm процедурний кабінет

nurse (na:sj медсестра convenience (kon-VMijans] зручність

architectural [,a:krtektjar»l] design архі­тектурна конструкція

in front of the building перед будинком interior [in'tianaj внутрішня частина stairs (steazj сходи department відділ therapeutic [,eera-pju:tikj терапевтичний

TEXT A IV. Прочитайте і перекладіть текст:

A NEW HOSPITAL

It is a new hospital. It's a pleasant looking and impressive build­ing though it has a simple architectural design. The hospital is a four-story modern building. It has some columns. You^ can see many windows there. The hospital is a little back from *the busy road. There is a nice park in front of the building.

Let's come into the hospital and look at its interior. First of all you can see a large entrance hall. There are some stairs leading to the next floor here.

There are some departments in this hospital. On the ground floor there is a therapeutic department. One can see a surgical department on the first floor. A neurological department is on the second floor.

Let's come into the therapeutic department. You can see a long corridor here. There are many wards in this department. In every ward there are some beds and bedside tables. At the end of the corri­dor one can find a procedure room, a nurses' room and an assistants' room. There is a rest-room there too. One can see some low tables and armchairs in the rest-room. There are some magazines and news-

S7

papers on the . tables. Many portraits of the outstanding medical scientists are on the walls. The hospital has all the modern convenien­ces.

V. Дайте відповіді на запитання:

1. What architectural design has the building of the hospital? 2. What is there in front of the hospital? 3. What can one see. first of all in the hospital? 4. Are there many departments in this hospital? 5. Where is a therapeutic department? 6. Where can you see a surgical' department? 7. How many wards are there in the therapeutic depart­ment? 8. What is there in every ward? 9. What rooms can one find at the end of the corridor? 10. What things can one see in the rest-room?

VI. Запам'ятайте слова і словосполучення:

trunk [ti-Ank] тулуб

limb [lim] кінцівка .

skull череп

cheek щока

chin підборіддя

mouth [mau9] рот

lip губа

gum ясна

shoulder плече

chest грудна клітка

heart [hcut] серце

lung легеня

gullet стравохід

abdominal cavity черевна порожнина

stomach ('stAmaik] шлунок

liver печінка

spleen селезінка

intestines кишки

kidney ['kidm] нирка

bladder сечовий міхур

gallbladder жовчний міхур

forearm ['fo:ro;m] передпліччя

elbow ['elbauj лікоть

wrist [rist] зап'ясток

thumb великий палець руки

hip стегно

knee [пі:] коліно

ankle [aenklj щиколотка

TEXT В VII. Прочитайте і перекажіть текст:

WE STUDY ANATOMY

The principal parts of our body are the head, the trunk and the limbs. We have the upper and lower limbs. They are our arms and legs:

The head consists of the skull and the face. On the face we can see the forehead, the eyes, the nose, the cheeks, the ears, the mouth and the chin.

The mouth has two lips. In the mouth there are gums with teeth, a tongue and a palate. Our neck connects the head with the trunk. The upper part of the trunk is the chest and the lower part is the abdomen. In the chest the principal organs are the heart, the lungs and the gullet. In the abdominal cavity we have the principal organs,

38

such as the stomach, the liver, the spleen, the intestines, the kidneys, the gallbladder and the bladder.

Our skeleton supports the soft parts and protects the organs from injury. It is covered with muscles. The shoulders connect our arms with the chest. Each arm consists of the upper arm, the forearm, the elbow, the wrist and the hand. We have four fingers and a thumb on each hand.

The leg consists of the hip (the thigh), the knee, the calf, the ankle and the foot. Our body is covered with the skin.

VIII. Дайте відповіді на запитання:

1. What are the main parts of our body? 2. What are the upper and lower limbs? 3. What parts does the head consist of? 4. What can we see on the face? 5. What is there in the mouth? 6. What connects the head with the trunk? 7. What are the upper and the lower parts of the trunk? 8. What are the principal organs in the chest and in the abdominal cavity? 9. What does the skeleton protect the organs from? 10. What is our skeleton covered with? 11. What does ach arm consist of? 12. What does the leg consist of?

STEP 3. ORAL SPEECH PRACTICE

Topics: 1. Our Students' Hostel.

2. Our Plat. Завдання для підготовки до повідомлення на теми

І. Запам'ятайте слова і словосполучення:

multistory багатоповерховий desk письмовий стіл cosy room затишна (приємна) кімната modern furniture [•fawtja] сучасні меблі

pillow подушка blanket ковдра

arm-chair крісло chandelier [Jaindrlia] люстра curtain ['ka:tn] завіса, занавіска carpet ['kapit] килим

sheet простирадло, простирадло wardrobe ['wo:droubj гардероб bookcase книжкова шафа

II. Прочитайте текст, намагаючись зрозуміти його зміст:

Our students' hostel

We have a new students' hostel. It is a large multistory building. It's well-planned and comfortable. In front of the hostel there is a park where one can see a lot of trees and bushes.

This building has all the modern conviniences, as follows: gas, central heating, running water and telephones. There are two hundred students' rooms and a rest-room in this hostel.

Let's enter one of the students' rooms. It is not large but it is

• ' ' '

39

rather cosy. There is a square table and some chairs in the middle of ' the room. One can see three beds here. On the beds there are pillows, blankets and sheets. A wardrobe stands near one of the walls. In the corner of the room there is a bookcase. One can see many books, magazines and newspapers in it. A big desk is near the window. There are some flowers on the window sill. Our rest room is on the ground floor. It is a large room with two windows facing the park. Here one can see the modern furniture. There is a T. V. set in the corner of the room. It stands on a low table. One can see a sofa near one of the walls. To the right of it there is a looking-glass. A big table and many chairs are in this room too. On the table there are various magazines and newspapers. On the walls one can see some pictures. A big chandelier hangs from the ceiling. There is a carpet on the floor and nice curtains on the windows. This room is comfortable and cosy.

III. Дайте відповіді на запитання:

1. What kind of building is the students' hostel. 2. What is there in front of the hostel?. 3. What conveniences has this building? 4. How many students' rooms are there in this hostel? 5. What kind of room is one of the students' rooms? 6. What is there in the middle of the room? 7. How many beds can one see here? 8. Where does a wardrobe stand? 9. What is there in the corner of the room? 10. What is near the window? 11. Where is the rest room? 12. What kind of room is it? 13. What furniture can one see there? 14. Is there a T. V. set in this room? 15. What else can one see in this room?

IV. Підготуйтеся до повідомлення на теми. Складіть речення за таблицями і спробуйте запам'ятати їх:

1. а) Для опису нового або старого' будинку вживайте озна­чення: -

A new house This house is new, modern. , It a well-planned builditig. ' a five-story house.

nice and comfortable. has all modern conveniences.

An old house That house is old, not modern. It an individual house.

a badly planned house. not comfortable. has no modern conveniences.

Af\

б) Опишіть ваш будинок, використовуючи відповідні слова та -словосполучення: . .

our house; to be; new and modern; old and not modern; well-planned; badly planned; comfortable; not comfortables-multistory;

one-storeyed; to have (no) modern conveniences.

2. а) Опишіть прилеглу до будинку територію, вживаючи зворот there is (there are) та словосполучення one can see:

In front of the there is . a small park. , house (there are) a sportground. Behind the house one can see many houses.

a lot of trees (flowers).

б) Опишіть прилеглу до вашого будинку територію, використо­вуючи ці слова та словосполучення або додаючи потрібні:

in front of; there is (there are); our house; behind it; one can see;

a lot of trees (flowers); many houses; a green lawn; an yard; a small park.

3. а) Описуючи квартиру, вкажіть кількість кімнат та їх признаЧЄННЯ. ;

We live I in a two-room flat.

They | a three-room

Our rooms 1 are 1 a living-room, a bedroom.

Their [ a dining-room, a study, a bedroom.

б) Подайте відомості про вашу квартиру, доповнюючи речення потрібною лексикою:

I.I live in ... flat. 2. Our rooms are ... 3. My friend lives in ... flat. 4. Their rooms are ... .

4. а) Описуючи обстановку квартири, вживайте речення з відо­мими вам структурами, дотримуючись порядку слів у прикладах А або Б. A. There is a table in the middle of the room.

a bookcase in this room. One can see a T. V. set in the corner of the room.

two arm-chairs in front of the T.V. set. We have a sofa near a wall.

some chairs around the table.

Б. In this room there are two arm-chairs.

there is a bookcase. In the corner of one can see a T. V. set. the room we have a dressing table.

•

41

б) Перекладіть речення англійською мовою:

І. У цій кімнаті стоїть сервант. 2. Книжкову шафу можна бачити в кутку кімнати. 3. У нас є телевізор на столі. 4. У другому кутку кімнати стоїть письмовий стіл. 5. На стінах можна бачити багато картин. 6. У нас є стіл біля вікна. 7. Навпроти телевізора знахо­диться софа.

5. а) Розповідаючи про обстановку квартири, використайте також речення з дієсловами to stand, to hang.

Our T. V. set A vase

A chandelier A carpet

on a low table. on a table. from the ceiling. on the wall. б) Вставте у речення вказані вище дієслова у потрібній формі:

stands

hangs

1. A sofa ... near the wall. 2. A refrigerator ... on the left of the table. 3. Nice curtains ... on the windows. 4. Crystal vases ... on the shelves. 5. A nice chandelier ... from the ceiling.

6. а) Доповніть опис, вживаючи дієслова у погрібши формі:

с гг\ґ\т ї іа 1 ^.,і »->*-, і г тч- - -- < і

sunny. The walls large and light. The floor cosy and comfortable. The ceiling

This room Our flat

is

are is

yellow. brown. white.

a balcony. Our balcony three windows. Our windows a parquet floor. This window

We

They

He

have has

face(s)

the park.

the South.

the North.

б) Перекладіть речення англійською мовою:

1. Наша квартира затишна і зручна. 2. Наші кімнати великі і со­нячні. 3. Стіни цієї кімнати рожеві, а підлога жовта. 4. У нас е бал­кон. 5. Він виходить у парк. 6. Два вікна виходять на південь, а одне вікно —. на схід.

V. Опишіть будинок і квартиру ваших батьків та студентський гуртожиток, дотримуючись такої послідовності:

1. Our flat.

Its situation; the kind of the house; in front of the house; behind the house; the kind of your flat; names of your rooms; your furniture and its place; the additional information.

2. Our Students' Hostel.

Its situation; the kind of the building; in front of the building;

behind it; description of one of the rooms; your furniture and its place;

additional information.

42

LESSON THREE

Граматика: І. Неозначені часи (Indefinite Tenses).

2. Порядок слів у розповідному реченні.

3. Питальні і заперечні форми Indefinite Tenses.

4. Способи передачі українських відмінків в англійській мові.

5. Прийменники часу. Тексти: A. A Doctor's Working Day.

В. Skin and Muscles. Тема: My Working Day.

STEP 1. GRAMMAR НЕОЗНАЧЕНІ ЧАСИ (INDEFINITE TENSES)
Present	I He (she) We	write writes write	many exercises	in the evening. every day. on Mondays.

1

Past He (she) wrote We

many exercises

yesterday. , last month. some days ago.

I shall

Future He (she) will write many exercises

We shall

tomorrow. next month. in a few days.

І. Прочитайте і перекладіть речення, звертаючи увагу на форми дієслів у неозначених часах:

I. They study at the Polytechnic Institute. 2. lie goes to the Institute on week days. 3. We answered our teacher's questions at the last English lesson. 4. My friend will take part in sports events. 5. She wrote some letters to her friends last month. 6. The train goes from a platform at 5 o'clock. 7. We shall go to London next month. 8. My brother went to school last year. 9. Nick often reads English newspapers. 10. Yesterday we used the English-Ukrainian dictio­nary.

II. Назвіть форми Past Indefinite і Past Participle дієслів:

a) to study, to work, to ask, to fulfil, to play, to finish, to wash;

6) to be, to begin, to come, to do, to get, to give, to go, to have,

to know, to leave, to make, to meet, to read, to say, to see, to sit,

to speak, to take, to tell, to think, to write.

43

III. Поставте дієслова, які стоять у дужках, у відповідній формі неозначених, часів:

1. Every day she (to go) to the Institute. 2. Yesterday we (to go) to the cinema. 3. They (to fulfil) their plan last month. 4. Next week we (to fulfil) our plan. 5. He usually (to come) to the Institute at 8.30. 6. Tomorrow I (to come) there at 9 o'clock. 7. He (to speak) English very welt. 8. Last week he (to speak) about this problem. 9. Every day this doctor (to make) the morning round and (to examine) the patients. 10. Yesterday this doctor (to make) the morning round and (to give) some orders to the nurses. 11. This nurse (to fulfil) the doctor's orders every morning. 12. TomorFow our students (to fill in) the case histories.

IV. Перекладіть другу частину речення англійською мовою:

приходить до лікарні о 8 годині, робить ранковий обхід, оглядає хворих.

1. Every -day this doctor

2. Yesterday this doctor

3. Tomorrow this doctor

прийшов до лікарні о 8 годині, зробив ранковий обхід, пішов до головного лікаря.

прийде до лікарні о 8 годині, зробить ранковий обхід, заповнить історії хвороби.

ПОРЯДОК СЛІВ У РОЗПОВІДНОМУ РЕЧЕННІ

в	і	2	3			4
Обставина часу	Підмет	Присудок	Додаток			Обставина
			непрямий		непрямий
			без прийменника	прямий	3 прийменником	місця	часу
	І	gave		ту book	to my friend	at the lecture	on Friday
					(to him)
On Friday	І	gave	my friend (him)	ту book		at the lecture.

V. Складіть речення із слів. дотримуючись прямого їх порядку:

1. Practical classes, present, we, every day, are, at, our. 2. At the English lesson, gave, our teacher, some dictionaries, to us, on Mon­day. 3. To the concert, my friends, go, will, tomorrow. 4. This, every day,, to the hospital, doctor, comes, 8 o'clock, at. 5. Every evening, reads, some newspapers, my father, at home.

44

ПИТАЛЬНІ 1 ЗАПЕРЕЧНІ ФОРМИ INDEFINITE TENSES

General Questions

Do

Present

you

read much?

Does he (she) write much?

Yes, I do. No, I don't. Yes, he does. No, he doesn't.

^{past wd} he"(she) -ork last year? ^^s' f ^

{Future Will

, . , -. Yes, I shall-study next year? ^ , ^^

you he (she)

VI. Складіть загальні запитання до речень:

Зразок: Не studies at school N 5.

Does he study at school N 5?

1. You study at the Medical Institute. 2. Your friend works at this factory. 3. They went to school last year. 4. You speak English well. 5. He does the morning exercises every day. 6. Petrenko Teads newspapers in the evening. 7. They fulfilled their plan last month. 8. You learn German. 9. He wrote you many letters last year. 10-They told you some interesting stories.

Special Questions

What books do you read? Where did you work?

Who reads much?

How many worked there?

engineers

When

will

he

study?

Who

will study

there?

VII. Складіть спеціальні запитання до речень, починаючи їх пи­тальними словами, які стоять у дужках:

1. Не writes many letters to his friends. (Whom?) 2. He gave some medicine to the child. (What?) 3. My friend lived in a hostel last year. (Where?) 4. He will go to France next month. (Where?) 5. He comes here every day. (When?) 6. You listened to the news yesterday. (When?) 7. The doctor examined these patients. (Whom?) 8. He often sees his friends. (Whom?) 9. Your mother looks after

45'

your grandfather. (Who?) 10. They listened to him attentively. (How?)

VIII. Перекладіть речення англійською мовою:

1. Ви навчаєтеся в інституті? 2. Де ви навчаєтесь? 3. У якому інституті ви навчаєтесь? 4. Він працює на заводі? 5. На якому заводі він працює? 6. Ви ходили в кіно вчора? 7. Куди ви ходили вчора? 8. Ваш брат буде навчатись у школі? 9. В якій школі буде він навча­тися? Ю. Ви читаєте газети щодня? 11. Коли ви читаєте газети? і 2. Які книжки ви читаєте? 13. Ви підете завтра у бібліотеку? 14. куди ви підете завтра?

IX. Поставте дієслова в заперечній формі і перекладіть речення:

Зразок: Не worked at the plant. He did not work at the plant. 1. They studied English last year. 2. We work at the factory. 3. His brother studies at our Institute. 4. I translated that text yesterday. 5. You fulfilled that task last month. 6. She writes letters to her brother. 7. This Institute trains teachers. 8. They got scholarship last month.