1. Classification of inorganic substances

Simple substances consist of one-type atoms (atoms of one chemical element).

Complex (complicated) substances (or chemical compounds) consist of different type atoms (atoms of different chemical elements).

Inorganic substances

Simple

Metals

Non-metals

Compounds

Oxides

Salts

Bases

Acids

Non-metals include the next groups of chemical elements with closely related properties:

Noble (rare) gases - elements of VIII-A subgroup of Periodical Table (He; Ne; Ar; Kr; Xe; Rn);

Halogens - elements of VII-A subgroup of Periodical Table (F, Cl, Br, I, At);

Chalcogens - elements of VI-A subgroup of Periodical Table (O, S, Se, Te), except Po;

Elements of V, IV, III groups of Periodical Table - N, P, As, C, Si, B, H.

Metals include some groups of chemical elements with similar properties:

Alkali(ne) metals - elements of I-A subgroup of Periodical Table (Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr);

Alkaline-earth metals, earth metals - some elements of II-A subgroup of Periodical Table (Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra);

Family of Iron - Fe, Co, Ni;

Family of noble metals (Family of Platinum) - Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt;

Lanthanide Series - elements of periodical table from № 58 till № 71, their properties are very similar to element La (Lanthanum);

Actinide Series - elements of periodical table from № 90 till № 103, their properties are very similar to element Ас (Actinium).

2. Relation between main classes of inorganic substances

Scheme of genetical relationships of classes

Chemical element +

Oxygen O2

O XIDES

Salifiables

Non-Salifiables

B asic

Amphoteric

Acidic

HYDROXIDES

Typical bases

Amphoteric

ACIDS

SALTS

Basic

Neutral

Acidic

Double

Mixed

Complex