1. Give the English equivalents for the following words and word combinations.
Пользоваться спросом, гражданское строительство, механические свойства, балочная несущая конструкция, вязкость, сварка, поперечное сечение, экономичный, трудоёмкий при сборке, при помощи, ромбовидный, трапециевидный, одноэтажное промышленное здание, двухшарнирная и бесшарнирная конструкция, по сравнению, в свою очередь, массивный фундамент, чувствительный к перепадам температуры, продольная ось, дополнительная усадка, здания спортивного назначения, крытые торговые комплексы (рынки), рамные опоры, изменение высоты поперечного сечения, нагрузки на фундамент здания, традиционно используемый, внешний контур балочной фермы.
2. Match the words to make word combinations.
metallic |
truss |
beam |
column |
arch |
constructions |
steel |
systems |
frame |
coverings |
steel |
systems |
Match these word combinations with their descriptions.
1.____________________ |
is a bar system linked in units and forming geometrically fix construction under hinge units. |
2.____________________ |
are used in frameworks of one-storey industrial buildings |
3.____________________ |
are cheaper and have more toughness compared to beam constructions. |
4.____________________ |
are made of carbon and low-alloying steels, sometimes titanium and aluminum alloys. |
5.____________________ |
are more suitable in those cases when the horizontal loads acting on a building are transmitted on supporting construction. |
6.____________________ |
is a modification of frame one in which its longitudinal axis approaches to the pressure curve and the rate of curved momentum rapidly decreases. |
3. Make sentences using the parts from columns a and b.
1. The efficiency of trusses… |
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a)exists nowadays |
2. The using of a certain type of steel, metal |
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b) was performed in the building site with two lifting cranes |
3. The assembly of this beam system… |
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c) a modification of frame one in which its longitudinal axis approaches to the pressure curve |
4. In their turn non-hinged frames… |
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d) able to take the load acting in any direction |
5. According to the type of elements connection in units… |
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e) serve the material for metallic constructions |
6. The main advantages of columns with constant height of cross-section… |
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f) are more economical and harder than two-hinged ones |
7. Carbon and low-alloying steels, sometimes titanium and aluminum alloys… |
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g) grows with the span increasing |
8. The latter form a rigid spatial bar… |
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h) are their simplicity and low laboriousness |
9. Arch construction is… |
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i) welded, riveted and bolt trusses are applied |
10. The great variety of metallic constructions… |
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j) depends on the purpose of constructions |