- •Preface (Предисловие)
- •Тематическое содержание обучения английскому языку на первом курсе заочной формы обучения
- •Методические рекомендации по выполнению и оформлению контрольных работ
- •1. Warming up. Read and practice the following conversations.
- •2. Word study.
- •2.2 Write out the words that can be used to describe your own appearance and character.
- •3. First reading of the text. Skim (read quickly) the text to get a general idea of the contents. Hi, I’m Tom Bailey
- •4.1 Fill in the synonyms from the list.
- •4.2 Match the following words from the text to their definitions. Suggest the Russian.
- •4.3 Match the following word combinations from the text to their Russian equivalents.
- •3.1 Choose a), b), or c) to complete the sentences.
- •4. Learning the words from the text.
- •4.4 Match the parts.
- •5. Reading for detail. Read the text carefully.
- •5.1 Correct the following statements using the expressions from the text.
- •5.2 Answer the questions.
- •6. Speaking. Without looking at the text fill in the blanks with the information from the text.
- •7. Development.
- •7.1 Read the text about Tom’s fellow-students. Meet My Fellow-Students
- •7.2 Fill in the following table with the information from the text.
- •Unit 2 family relations
- •Family Relations
- •3. First reading. Read the text to find out what it is about in general. My Family
- •3.1 Choose a), b), or c) to complete the sentences.
- •4. Learning the words.
- •4.1 Fill in the synonyms from the list.
- •4.2 Match the following words from the text to their definitions. Suggest the Russian.
- •5. Reading for detail. Read the text carefully to answer the following questions.
- •6. Speaking.
- •6.1 Without looking at the text add information to the following statements.
- •6.2 Look at the following family tree. Family Tree
- •6.3 Describe the members of the family using the information from the table.
- •Unit 3 university studies
- •University Studies
- •2.1 Choose the best variant to complete the sentences below. Use the text to make the right choice.
- •3. Learning the words.
- •3.1 Fill in the synonyms from the list. Use the context of the text if necessary.
- •3.2 Match the following words from the text to their definitions. Suggest the Russian.
- •3.3 Match the following word-combinations from the text to their Russian equivalents.
- •3.4 Fill in the prepositions from the list where necessary.
- •4. Reading for detail. Read the text carefully to answer the following questions.
- •5. Speaking. Without looking at the texts add information to the following statements.
- •6. Translation. Read the following extract and translate it into Russian in writing. Use a dictionary if necessary. The Belarusian Institute of Law
- •Unit 4 my future profession
- •2.2 Read the following passages. Jobs
- •3. First reading. Read the text to find out what it is about in general. My Future Job
- •3.1 Choose a), b), or c) to complete the sentences.
- •4. Learning the words.
- •4.1 Fill in the synonyms firm the list.
- •4.2 Match the following words and word-combinations from the text to their definitions. Suggest the Russian.
- •3.4 Choose the words from the list to fill in the gaps.
- •3.5 Fill in the prepositions from the list where necessary.
- •4. Reading for detail. Read the text carefully to answer the following questions.
- •5. Speaking. Without looking at the text add information to the following statements.
- •6. Presentation. Use the information from the texts and the vocabulary of this Unit to present the topic ‘My Future Job’. The following plan will be helpful:
- •1. Warming up.
- •1.1 Read the following conversations. Check whether you understand the expressions in the ‘Notes’ before reading.
- •1.2 Complete the following sentences with the words from the ‘Notes’.
- •2. Word study.
- •2.2 Put each of the following words in its correct position in the sentences below. Some words may be used more than once.
- •2.4 Learn the following useful travel words in context.
- •2.5 Cross out the incorrect word in these sentences.
- •3. First reading. Read the text and put the following headings into the correct numbered positions (1-5). By plane to new york
- •3.1 Choose a), b), or c) to complete the sentences.
- •4. Learning the words.
- •4.1 Fill in the synonyms from the list.
- •4.4 What do you call:
- •4.6 Fill in the American equivalents.
- •5. Reading for detail. Read the text carefully.
- •5.1 Decide whether the following statements are True or False. Correct the False ones.
- •5.2 Answer the following questions.
- •6. Speaking.
- •6.1 Describe the procedure at the airport
- •6.2 Without looking at the text complete the following statements. Advantages and disadvantages of traveling by plane
- •6. Presentation. Speak on ‘Advantages and Disadvantages of Traveling by Air’. Unit 2 the city of new york
- •1. Warming up. Read and practice the following conversations. Check whether you understand the expressions in the ‘Notes’ before reading.
- •Getting About Town
- •2. Word study. Study the following expressions from the text before reading.
- •3. First reading. Read the text and put the following headings into the correct numbered positions (1-4).
- •The Big Apple
- •3.1 Choose a), b), or c) to complete the sentences below.
- •4. Learning the words.
- •4.3 Fill in the synonyms from the list.
- •5. Reading for detail. Read the text carefully to answer the following questions.
- •5. Speaking. Without looking at the text add information to the following statements. Some Glimpses of New York
- •Shopping in New York
- •Eating Out in New York
- •6. Presentation. Speak on the following topics:
- •Unit 3 traveling by train
- •1. Warming up. Read and practice the following conversations.
- •At a Railway Station
- •2. Word study.
- •2.1 Learn the following useful travel words in context.
- •2.2 Read the following extract. Refer to the list below and fill in the blanks with the best word or words.
- •3. First reading. Read the text and put the following headings into the correct numbered positions (1-4).
- •By Train to Washington
- •3.1 Choose a), b), or c) to complete the sentences below.
- •4. Learning more words from the text.
- •4.3 Fill in the synonyms from the list.
- •5. Reading for detail. Read the text carefully to answer the following questions.
- •6. Speaking. Complete the following sentences with the words and word combinations from the text and the exercises. Advantages and Disadvantages of Traveling by Train
- •7. Presentation. Speak on the topic ‘Traveling by Train – Advantages and Disadvantages’. Unit 4 washington d.C.
- •1. Warming up. Read and practice the following conversations.
- •Asking the Way
- •3. First reading. Read the text to decide what it is about in general. A Few Facts
- •3.1 Choose the right variant to complete the sentences below.
- •4. Learning more words from the text.
- •4.1 It is often possible to understand the meaning of a new word from the context. In the following table, each word listed on the left may have two or more meanings described on the right.
- •4.4 Fill in the synonyms from the list.
- •5. Reading for detail. Read the text carefully to answer the following questions.
- •6. Speaking. Complete the following sentences with the words and word combinations from the text and the exercises. Washington d.C.
- •There is or it is
- •Be, have or do
- •Pronouns (Personal, Possessive, Reflexive)
- •1. Choose the appropriate pronoun to complete the sentences below.
- •2. Choose the correct form of the nouns to complete the sentences below.
- •Articles
- •1. Choose the correct combination of articles to complete the following sentences.
- •2. Fill in the articles where necessary.
- •Present simple versus present progressive
- •1. Choose between the Present Simple and Present Progressive.
- •2. Choose the appropriate adverbial of time.
- •3. Open the brackets using the Present Simple or the Present Progressive.
- •Present perfect versus past simple
- •1. Choose between the Present Perfect and Past Simple.
- •2. Choose the appropriate adverbial of time.
- •3. Open the brackets using the Past Simple or the Present Perfect.
- •Reading comprehension
- •1. Read the text carefully.
- •2. Mark the statements below as True or False.
- •3. Write questions to these answers.
- •4. Choose the appropriate Russian equivalents for the following English phrases and sentences.
- •1. Put the words in the correct order to make up a sentence (a statement, an imperative, or an exclamation).
- •2. Put the words in the correct order to make up a question.
- •There is or it is
- •1. Fill in the blanks with It or There.
- •Be, have or do
- •1. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the verbs ‘Be, Do, or Have’.
- •Pronouns
- •1. Choose the appropriate pronoun to complete the following sentences.
- •2. Choose the correct form of the nouns to complete the sentences below.
- •Articles
- •1. Choose the correct combination of articles to complete the following sentences.
- •2. Fill in the articles where necessary.
- •Present simple versus present progressive
- •1. Choose between the Present Simple and Present Progressive.
- •2. Choose the appropriate adverbial of time.
- •3. Open the brackets using the Present Simple or the Present Progressive.
- •Present perfect versus past simple
- •1. Choose between the Present Perfect and Past Simple.
- •2. Choose the appropriate adverbial of time.
- •3. Open the brackets using the Past Simple or the Present Perfect.
- •Reading comprehension
- •1. Read the text carefully.
- •2. Mark the statements below as True or False.
- •3. Write questions to these answers.
- •4. Choose the appropriate Russian equivalents for the following English phrases and sentences.
- •Numbers
- •1. Write in words all the numbers from the following News Report.
- •Prepositions (Time, Place, Direction, Movement)
- •1. Choose the appropriate prepositions to complete the sentences below.
- •Past simple versus past progressive
- •1. Choose between the Past Simple and Past Progressive.
- •2. Choose the appropriate adverbial of time.
- •3. Open the brackets using the Past Simple or the Past Progressive.
- •Present perfect versus present perfect progressive
- •1. Choose the appropriate tense-form.
- •All the present tenses
- •1. Open the brackets using the Present Simple, Present Progressive, Present Perfect, or Present Perfect Progressive.
- •Reading comprehension
- •1. Read the text carefully. The stop-smoking ship
- •1. Choose the best answer.
- •2. Mark the statements below as True or False.
- •3. Choose the best translation.
- •2. Complete the following sentences with
- •Numbers
- •1. Write in words all the numbers from the following News Report.
- •Prepositions (Time, Place, Direction, Movement)
- •1. Choose the appropriate prepositions to complete the sentences below.
- •Past simple versus past progressive
- •1. Choose between the Past Simple and the Past Progressive.
- •2. Choose the appropriate adverbial of time.
- •3. Open the brackets using the Past Simple or the Past Progressive.
- •Present perfect versus present perfect progressive
- •All the present tenses
- •1. Open the brackets using the Present Simple, Present Progressive, Present Perfect, or Present Perfect Progressive.
- •Reading comprehension
- •1. Read the text carefully. Clinton’s train
- •1. Choose the best answer.
- •2. Mark the statements below as True or False.
- •3. Choose the best translation.
- •2. Multifunctional verbs Многофункциональные глаголы be, do, have
- •3. Pronouns Местоимения personal, possessive, reflexive, emphatic
- •Существительные, употребляющиеся только в единственном числе
- •Существительные, употребляющиеся только во множественном числе
- •5. Articles Артикли Основные правила употребления артиклей
- •Некоторые особенные случаи употребления артиклей.
- •6. Present simple versus present progressive
- •7. Past simple versus present perfect
- •Same, such
- •One and none
- •Much, many, a lot of
- •Few and (a) little
- •Fractions Дроби
- •Of place
- •Of direction and movement
- •5. Past simple versus past progressive
- •6. Present perfect versus present perfect progressive
- •Bibliography
- •Contents (Содержание)
- •Пилявец Галина Валентиновна английский язык
6. Present simple versus present progressive
PRESENT SIMPLE Key words: always, usually, generally, every day (month, etc.), often, rarely, seldom, sometimes, never, etc. |
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE Key words: now, at the moment, at present, just now, right now; all the morning, all day, the whole night, still, etc.; always, constantly, etc.
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1) Обычные, повторяющиеся действия в настоящем. He often works till midnight. Do you generally speak English in class?
2) Общеизвестные истины и постоянные действия. The sun sets in the west. They live in Minsk.
3) Действия, происходящие в момент речи с глаголами, не употребляющимися во временах Progressive. a) see, hear, notice, taste, smell, etc. I don’t hear you. Can you speak louder? The meat tastes spicy. б) understand, think, believe, remember, know, forget, mean, suppose, recognize, etc. What does he mean? Who do you think will win the game? But: What are you thinking about? в) like, dislike, hate, love, wish, want, care, etc. I want a glass of juice, please. г) have, own, possess, belong, etc. Who does this car belong to?
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1) Действия, происходящие в момент речи в настоящем. What are you doing, Jane? – I am looking for my purse.
2) Временные действия, происходящие в период времени, включающий момент речи. What are you doing, Jane? Are you still looking for your purse?
3) Действия “необычной частоты” с эмоциональной окраской преувеличения, раздражения, упрека (со словами always, constantly, etc.) What are you doing, Jane? Are you still looking for your purse? You are always loosing your things!
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7. Past simple versus present perfect
PAST SIMPLE
Key words: ago, last year (week, etc.), yesterday, the other day, in 1988, for five years, for a week, etc.
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PRESENT PERFECT
Key words: recently, lately, already, yet, just, for, since, ever, never, always, so far, today, this week, etc. |
1) Действия, совершенные в указанное время в прошлом. It rained heavily last night. She was IN Paris a year ago.
2) Действие, которое произошло только что. Mary went out just now. ‘Just now’ означает ‘a moment ago’.
3) Действия, совершенные в указанный период времени в прошлом (с союзом for). They lived in Germany for five years after the war. (Они жили в Германии пять лет после войны.)
4) Завершенные прошедшие действия со словами today, this morning, etc., если эти периоды времени закончены. I wrote three letters this morning. (it is not ‘this morning’)
5) Обычные, повторяющиеся действия или состояния в прошлом. a) I often went cycling last summer. Pushkin wrote a lot of poems. б) used to + Infinitive Do you play golf? – No, but I used to when I lived in the country. The shops didn’t use to open in those days. в) would + Infinitive. When we worked in the same office, we would have coffee together.
6) Последовательность действий в прошлом, когда конкретное время не указано. I entered the office, looked around and came up to the secretary.
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1) Действия, завершенные в прошлом, результат которых имеется в настоящем. Конкретное время действия не указано. My mother is angry because I’ve lost my watch. She has never been TO Paris.
2) Действие, которое произошло только что. Mary has just gone out.
3) Незавершенные действия, начавшиеся в прошлом и все еще продолжающиеся в настоящем (с союзами for, since, ever, never, all my life, so far). They have lived in Germany for five years. (Они живут в Германии пять лет.)
4) Завершенные прошедшие действия со словами today, this morning, this week, etc., если эти периоды времени не закончены. I have written three letters this morning. (it is still ‘this morning’)
5) Действия, неоднократно происходившие в прошлом, и могут еще произойти. I have already seen the doctor twice. Yevtushenko has written a lot of poems.
6) Действия, завершенные к настоящему времени, в сложных предложениях со следующими конструкциями в главном предложении. It’s the best salad I have eaten in this restaurant. It’s the second time I have seen this film. This is the only place he has been to. |
1st Year 2nd Term
1. DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS
Указательные местоимения
THIS, THAT, THESE, THOSE
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В единственном числе
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Во множественном числе |
THIS
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1 This car is mine. – Эта машина моя. 2 This is my car. – Это – моя машина. |
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THESE
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1 These girls are my sisters. Эти девочки мои сестры. 2 These are my sisters. Это – мои сестры. |
THAT
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1 Who is that man? – Кто тот мужчина? 2 That is the man I told you about. – (Э)то мужчина, о котором я тебе говорил. 3 My seat is next to that of John. – Мое место рядом с местом Джона. |
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THOSE
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1 Who are those people? Кто те люди? 2 Those are my parents. То – мои родители. 3 Your flowers are better than those in our garden. Ваши цветы лучше, чем цветы в нашем саду. |