Приложение Тексты для самостоятельного изучения
ENGLAND
Read the following proper nouns correctly.
England – Англия
United Kingdom – Соединенное Королевство
London – г. Лондон
Southampton – г. Саутгемнтон
The Cheviot Hills – Чевиотские горы
The English Channel – Ла-Манш
The Strait of Dover – Па-де-Кале
The Pennine Chain – Ленинские горы
The Severn – река Северн
The Ouse – река Уз
The Werf – река Вёф
The Thames – река Темза
Birmingham – г. Бирмингем
Manchester – г. Манчестер
Read the text and name the main cities, rivers, mountains in England.
England is the largest and most populated part of the United Kingdom. Over 46 million people of the population of the UK live in England. England is a highly developed industrialized country, about eighty per cent of the population living in urban areas. It is a major trading nation through the main ports of London, Liverpool and Southampton. In the north England is separated from Scotland by the Cheviot Hills, running from east to west; in the west the country borders on Wales. The coasts of England are washed by the North Sea and the Irish Sea. The English Channel and the Strait of Dover separate England from France in the south. No part of England is more than 120 km from the sea. The sea played an important role in the history of England. It was a good protection against attacks of outside enemies. Due to the seas and the ocean surrounding England, the country has mild climate, beautiful greenery, and highly developed fishing industry.
England is mostly a lowland country. There are upland regions in the north – the Pennine Chain, extending southward from the Cheviot Hills into the Midlands. The Lake District in Northern England with its beautiful long lakes, mountains and valleys is a favourite holiday resort.
There are many rivers in England: the Severn, the Ouse, the Trent, the Tyne, the Werf, and the Avon. They are not very long and most of them flow into the North Sea. But the busiest and most important river is the Thames. The rivers are of great significance for communication and especially for carrying goods.
The Midlands is the main industrial area in England. The industries of the Midlands, with Birmingham as its chief city, produce all kinds of metal goods, from motor cars and railway engines to pins and buttons. Manchester is the commercial hub of the textile industry and one of the chief centers of electrical and heavy engineering, machine tools and dye-stuffs in Britain. Sheffield is famous for its high-quality steels, cutlery and tools. Liverpool is the second port of Britain, after London, a great centre of shipbuilding and ship repairing.
In the east there are the low shores of East Anglia. This was the coast of easy landing and the early invaders from the Continent, the Nordic and Germanic warriors and the Norman invaders landed there. By mixing with Anglo-Saxons they contributed to the evolution of the people who became English, and to the formation of the language that became the English language.