- •Тема: Деньги
- •Money and its functions
- •V. Scan through the text. Paper money and gold standard
- •I. Scan through the text. Monetarism
- •Money laundering
- •Тема: Кредиты
- •Credit and crediting
- •Credit risk
- •Credit union
- •Credit card and credit cardholders
- •Тема: Банки
- •Bank and its classes
- •European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
- •European Investment Bank (eib)
- •Bank of England
- •Тема: Биржи
- •Stock exchange
- •New York Stock Exchange
- •Value — стоимость;
- •Commodity Exchange
- •Chicago Board of Trade
- •Тема: Налогообложение
- •Objectives of taxation
- •Principles of taxation
- •Tax return
- •Classes of taxes
- •Тема: Предпринимательство
- •Entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship
- •Company
- •Holding company
- •Bankruptcy
- •Тема: Бухгалтерское дело
- •Accounting and its financial statements
- •Balance sheet
- •Income statement
- •Cash flow statement
- •Тема: Рекламная деятельность
- •Advertising and its history
- •Advertising and its media
- •Advertising and advertisement
- •Тема: Страхование
- •Insurance, the insurer and the insured
- •The insurer and an insurable risk
- •The insured and an insurable risk
- •VI. Scan through the text. Work in pairs to question the text and to give answers. Kinds of insurance.
- •VIII. Translate the following words and phrases from Russian into English.
- •IX. Complete the following statements Retell the text Kinds of insurance.
- •Тема: Маркетинг
- •Marketing strategy
- •Marketing tactics
- •Marketing, its customers, distributors, and facilitators
- •Тема: Контракт
- •The assumption of contractual obligations
- •The performance of contractual obligations
- •Sanctions for non-fulfilment of contractual obligations
- •Тема: Проблемы капитализма
- •Depression and recession
- •Globalization
- •Globalization and its international institutions
Globalization
In 2000 the media were full of references to globalization of the economy, communications—even politics and military affairs. Large crowds turned out to protest meetings such as that of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in Seattle, Wash., in 1999 or called attention to International Monetary Fund (IMF) policies in granting loans to states at war. What were these protests all about? Globalization is a phenomenon involving the integration of economies, cultures, governmental policies, and political movements around the world. Internationalization is nothing new. Many of the large empires and religious movements represented forms of globalization. Trade and investment between countries have promoted interdependence of the world's economies for centuries. As early as 1962 the Canadian visionary Marshall McLuhan wrote that the electronic age was turning all humanity into a “global tribe,” and the term global village is attributed to him. Nowadays, the larger corporations organize production on a worldwide scale. Each step in the value-added chain, from research and development to processing of raw materials, production of parts, assembly of components, and marketing of the final product, is carried out in the most advantageous geographic location, regardless of where corporate headquarters are located or where the final good is sold. The globalization of markets means increasingly that similar goods are sold around the world for similar prices. The BBC, CNN, and the Internet have accelerated the integration of global culture. Teenagers around the world watch the same videos, listen to the same music, and wear the same clothes. At the same time, television audiences in virtually all countries watch the same major events, listen to the same financial forecasts, and see the same three-minute glimpses of ecological disasters.
II. Translate the following words and phrases from Russian into English.
Международный валютный фонд; предоставить заем; воюющее государство; объединение в одно целое; интеграционный процесс; культура; фантазер; электронный век; человечество; всемирный; племя; приписывать кому-либо; крупные корпорации; мировой масштаб; добавленная стоимость; изыскание и разработка; капиталовложение; способствовать; взаимозависимость; показательный; ускорение; переработка сырья; производство деталей; невзирая на; главное управление корпорации; продавать; средства массовой информации; ускорять; упоминание; средства сообщения; политика; военные дела; торговля; протестовать; благоприятное географическое расположение; встреча; Всемирная торговая организация; привлекать внимание; представлять; отражать; интеграция мировой культуры; подросток; телезрители; фактически; сборка деталей; маркетинг конечного продукта; экономика; правительственная политика; политические течения; осуществлять; финансовый прогноз; интернационализация; империя; религиозное течение; нечто быстро промелькнувшее перед глазами; экологическое бедствие; глобализация рынков; интегрированный; финансовые и товарные рынки.
III. Translate the following statements from Russian into English.
Глобализация – это высшая стадия интернационализации. Глобализация – это совокупность таких процессов и явлений, как трансграничные потоки товаров, услуг, капитала, технологии, информации и межстрановое перемещение людей, преобладание ориентации на мировой рынок в торговле, инвестировании и других трансакциях (на уровне фирм), территориальная и институциональная интеграция рынков, а также возникновение глобальных проблем типа экологической деградации или чрезмерного роста народонаселения, для решения которых необходимо всемирное сотрудничество.
IV. Complete the following statements. Retell the text “Globalization”.
1) Globalization involves … 2) Internationalization is … 3) … represented forms of globalization. 4) Trade and investment promoted … 5) The electronic age turned all humanity into … 6) Business activity is carried out … regardless of … 7) The globalization of markets means … 8) The Internet accelerates … 9) Teenagers watch … listen to … and wear … 10) Television audiences watch … listen to … and see …
V. Read and translate the text.