• Very fit

• quite fit

• average

• unfit

2. Do you ever get out of breath? Can you touch your toes (without bending your knees)? Can you run 1 km?

3. Does your daily routine involve physical exertion?

4. Do you take regular exercise?

• Yes

• No

5. If you take regular exercise, how often do you take it?

• Every day

• Every other day

• More than once a week

• Once a week

• Less

6. If you take regular exercise, in which of the following ways do you take it?

• Sport

• Jogging

• Swimming

• Cycling

• Dance

• Keep-fit exercises

• Other (what)

7. If you play a sport, is it:

• A team game

• Competitive

• Organised

• Professional

• Amateur

8. Do you think sports or PE (physical Education) should be a compulsory part of the school curriculum?

• Yes

• No

9. Why?/Why not?

Exercise 7. Read the text and answer the questions after the text.

One of the first duties we owe to ourselves is to keep our bodies in perfect health. If our body suffers from any disorder our mind suffers with it, and we are unable to make much progress in knowledge, and we are unfit to perform those duties which are required of us in social life.

There are certain laws of health which deserve particular attention and they are so simple that even a child can learn them. A constant supply of pure fresh air is indispensable to good health. To secure this, nothing impure should remain either within or near our homes, and every room in the house especially the bedrooms, should be properly ventilated every day.

Perfect cleanliness is also essential. The whole body should be washed as often as possible. The skin is full of minute pores, cells, blood vessels and nerves. It ‘breathes’ the way the lungs do. Therefore it should always be clean.

Besides its importance to health, there is a great charm in cleanliness. We like to look at one who is tidy and clean. If the skin is kept clean, the teeth thoroughly brushed, the hair neatly combed, and the finger-nails in order, we feel pleased with the person, even though his (her) clothes may be coarse and much mended.

A certain amount of exercise is necessary to keep the body in perfect condition. All the powers (mental and bodily) we possess are strengthened by use and weakened by disuse. Therefore labour and study should succeed each other. The best way of getting exercise is to engage in some work that is useful and at the same time interesting to the mind. It is most essential for the old and the young to do morning exercises and if possible in the open air.

Remember that exercises warm, invigorate and purify the body. Rest is also necessary to the health of the body and mind. The best time for sleep is during the darkness and stillness of the night. Late hours are very harmful to the health as they exhaust the nervous system. We should go to bed early and get up early. It is a good rule “to rise with the lark and to go to bed with the lark”.

Most essential to our body is food. Our body is continually wasting, and requires to be repaired by fresh substance. Therefore food, which is to repair the loss, should be taken with due regard to the exercise and waste of the body.

Be moderate in eating. If you eat slowly you will not overeat. Never swallow your food wholesale – you are provided with teeth for the purpose of chewing your food – and you will never complain of indigestion. We should abstain from everything that intoxicates. The evils of intemperance, especially of alcohol, are too well known.

Intemperance excites bad passions and leads to quarrels and crimes. Alcohol costs a lot of money, which might be used for better purposes. The mind is stupefied by drink and the person who drinks will in course of time, become unfit for his duties. Both health and character are often ruined.

Thus we must remember that moderation in eating and drinking, reasonable hours of labour and study, regularity in exercise, recreation and rest, cleanliness and many other essentials lay the foundation for good health and long life.

Questions: 1. Why do you think people try to keep fit? 2. Why do you think fresh air and cleanliness are necessary to our health? 3. What role does sport play in keeping a person fit? 4. Do you personally go in for sport regularly? 5. Why are late hours harmful to health? 6. Do you often keep late hours? 7. Why is food essential to human body? 8. How does alcohol, smoking and drugs affect the body? 9. What do you do to keep feet?

Exercise 2. Use the following words and word combinations in the sentences of your own.

indispensable; to be essential; to strengthen; to weaken; to invigorate; to purify; to exhaust; to be moderate; to intoxicate; intemperance; bad passion; regularity in exercise.

Exercise 3. There were many words with different negative prefixes in the text above. Consult the dictionary and form antonyms of the following words and word combinations with the help of negative prefixes: il- ; in- ; im- ; dis- ; un- :

sound, legal, able, comfort, ability, polite, exact, to dress, to be fit, practical, kind, movable, dependent, personal, pure, employed, to agree, active, possible, to be aware, temperance, logical, mature, comfortable, capable, efficient, literate, eatable, pleasant, direct, patient, convenient, probable, adequate.

Exercise 4. Say what a person should do and what you personally do to keep fit.

Exercise 5. In the text above there is a proverb, give Russian equivalents of this proverb and find Russian equivalents to the other proverbs given in this exercise, explain their meaning and say under what circumstances you would use them. Try to find some other proverbs connected with the topic.

1. Good health is above wealth.

2. An apple a day keeps a doctor away.

3. Health is not valued till sickness comes.

4. What can’t be cured must be endured.

5. He who has health has hope, and he who has hope has everything

6. Time is the great healer. / Time cures all things.

7. Time works wonders.

Exercise 6. Look at these expressions. What do you think they might mean? Use them in sentences or situations of your own.

as fit as a fiddle; as sound as a bell; as fresh as a daisy; as hot as a fire; as pale as death; as white as a sheet.

Exercise 1. Listen to the dialogues. Mark stresses and intonation, learn them by heart and act in class.

(J. D. O'Connor, Clare Fletcher Sounds English.)

Exercise 2. Compose your own dialogue at the hospital emergency department.

Exercise 3. Say about your or your friend’s visit to the hospital emergency department.

Exercise 1. How many English equivalents for the following do you know?

болезнь, недуг, боль; удалить зуб; чувствовать недомогание; лекарство; полоскать горло; осложнение; запломбировать зуб; сбить температуру; выздороветь.

Exercise 2. Give the most suitable Russian equivalents for the following.

sore - throat, subject, spot, eye, foot;

pain - sharp, dull, growing, constant, annoying, sudden;

bitter - medicine, words, thoughts, taste, experience, moment, cold;

delicate - operation, health, features, situation, colours;

urgent - call, case, message, measures, request, need

Exercise 3. Insert prepositions or adverbs where necessary.

1. What are you complaining ...? 2. The best remedy ... a headache is fresh air. 3. If you want to get well you must keep ... bed and follow the doctor’s advice. 4. She says that she is subject ... coughs. 5. Shake the mixture carefully ... use. 6. You have all the symptoms ... the flu. 7. The first thing to do is to keep the temperature ... 8. You can have this prescription made ... the chemist’s. 9. I shall make you a compress ... your throat. 10. My father is ... sick-leave. 11. Whooping cough is a frightening disease to nurse a child ... 12. Cancer is hard to detect... its early stage

Exercise 4. Interclass check. Ask your fellow student (your partner).