- •Предисловие
- •Modal Verbs
- •Summary of Functions of Modal Verbs
- •4. Request
- •Very polite requests:
- •6. Offer
- •7. Suggestion
- •Exercises
- •In Reported speech:
- •3. Request (may I ..., might I ..., may we ..., might we ...)
- •Is he likely to…?’, ‘Is it likely that he …?’, ‘Do you think…’
- •5. Reproach, disapproval, criticism.
- •7. ’Might’ expresses unreality in Conditional sentences
- •Exercises
- •3. Must
- •2. Prohibition; refusing permission
- •6. Notice the following set phrases with ‘must’:
- •7. ‘Must’ in Indirect Speech
- •Exercises
- •4. Should 5. Ought to
- •Exercises
- •6. To have to
- •Exercises
- •3. A strict prohibition.
- •5. Possibility
- •Exercises
- •8. Need
- •1. Necessity or absence of necessity
- •3. Confer:
- •Exercises
- •9. Shall
- •Exercises
- •10. Will
- •3. Promise
- •Exercises
- •11. Would
- •I wonder if you would mind if... (formal request)
- •Exercises
- •12. Dare
- •Exercises
- •Revision
- •It’s likely that they will buy a new house. They’ll probably buy a new
- •Answer key
- •3. Must
- •4. Should 5. Ought to
- •6. To have to
- •8. Need
- •9. Shall
- •10. Will
- •11. Would
- •12. Dare
- •Reference list
- •Contents
- •Модальные глаголы
- •634041, Томск, ул. Герцена, 49. Тел.(3822) 52-12-93.
Is he likely to…?’, ‘Is it likely that he …?’, ‘Do you think…’
Is Mary likely to arrive tonight? Может ли Мэри приехать сегодня вечером?
Is it likely that Mary will arrive tonight?
Do you think he has already come? Как ты думаешь, он уже пришел?
Can he ... ? Could he ... ? Might he ... ? (Not:
may)
I can’t find him anywhere. Where can/could/might he have gone?
Note 2: The difference between the meaning of the negative forms of ‘can’ and ‘may’:
1. He may not be ill. = It is possible that he isn’t ill. (Возможно, он не болен.) 2. He may not be working. = It is possible that he isn’t working. (Может быть, он не работает.) 3. He may not have lost your book. = It is possible that he hasn’t lost your book. (Возможно, он не потерял твою книгу.) 4. You might not have seen him. (Возможно, вы его не видели.) |
1. He can’t be ill. = It is not possible that he is ill. (Не может быть, что он болен.) 2. He can’t be working. = It is impossible that he is working. 3. He can’t have lost your book. = It is impossible that he has lost your book. (Не может быть, чтобы он потерял твою книгу.) 4. You could not have seen him. He died before you were born. (Вы не могли его видеть. Он умер до того, как вы родились.) |
4c. We use ‘might + the Indefinite Infinitive’/‘could + the Indefinite Infinitive’ to say that it is possible that something will happen
Never let your children play with matches. They might/could start a fire and burn themselves. ...Они могут устроить пожар …
Make sure you cover electrical sockets when they are not in use. Your children might/could give themselves an electric shock.
We use ‘might have + participle II’/‘could have + participle II’ to say that something was possible in the past but didn’t happen
Bob drove very carelessly yesterday. He could/might have had an accident, but luckily he didn’t. ...Он мог попасть в аварию, …
The child might/could have got lost but in fact he came home earlier than others. Ребенок мог заблудиться, но на самом деле он пришел домой раньше, чем все остальные.
5. Reproach, disapproval, criticism.
Only‘might’ is used, in affirmative sentences.
In Russian ‘might’ corresponds to ‘мог бы’
might + the Indefinite Infinitive expresses a mild reproach, a kind of request, some hypothetical wish (present or future reference)
You might offer your help. Могли бы предложить свою помощь. (present or future reference)
You might pay more attention to your lessons. Ты бы мог уделять больше внимания своим занятиям.
might + the Perfect Infinitive expresses a reproach about something that has not been done and it renders irritation (annoyance) (past reference)
You might have bought her flowers. Вы могли бы купить ей цветы. (past reference)
You are becoming forgetful. You might have reminded me about it.
You might have gone to see your sister when she was in trouble. Ты мог бы поехать навестить свою сестру, когда у нее были неприятности.
6. Suggestion. We use ‘you might’, followed by a verb meaning ‘like’, ‘want’ to make a suggestion in a very polite way.
I thought perhaps you might like to come along with me.
You might want to try another shop.
We can also use ‘It might be’, followed by a noun-group or an adjective and ‘to-infinitive’.
I think it might be a good idea to stay there.
It might be wise to get a new car.