- •Business studies Навчальний посібник За редакцією н. Семко
- •Study the following verb forms. What is the different between them?
- •Translate the sentences into Ukrainian. Study the following model.
- •Translate the sentences paying attention to –ing forms in different functions. Analyse the structure of the sentences (subject, predicate, object etc).
- •Globalization has helped to make the telephone an essential business communication tool. Before you read the article, discuss the questions.
- •5. Read the article and translate the sentences containing highlighted phrases.
- •6. Read the article again and find the answers to these questions.
- •7. Discuss ways of improving employees’ telephone skills.
- •8. Answer these questions about the business call below.
- •9. Read the following dialogues in pairs.Make sure you understand all the phrases.
- •Learn one of the dialogues by heart and role-play it with your partner.
- •Translate the sentences. Pay attention to the models with the Infinitive. Remember the models. Make up some more sentences with each of the models.
- •Read and translate the text paying attention to the –ingforms and the infinitives. Remember the telephone techniques. Be ready to tell your colleagues about them.
- •In pairs, make up dialogues about these two telephone situations and role-play them.
- •Translate into English using the active vocabulary. Use appropriate grammar models.
- •1. Match the phrases with their Ukrainian equivalents.
- •3. Think of the situation you have complained about or you could complain about and write a letter of complaint.
- •1. Match a and Bparts to make up a phrase.Translate the phrases.
- •2. You are going to attend a team-building seminar in Milan. Write an email to your secretary in which you:
- •3. You have just played a new game and you are very disappointed. Read this advertisement carefully and the notes you have made. Decide what you will complain about.
- •4. Match the sentence halves in a and b.
- •5. Complete the phrases below with these verbs.
- •6. Write an email to the company covering the following:
- •7.Translate into English using the active vocabulary.
- •Complete the chart. Mind the difference between past simple and past participle.
- •Translate the following phrases. Think of more sentences to illustrate the difference.
- •Read text a and translate the sentences containing -ed forms in different functions. Text a Make meetings work for you
- •Complete the chart below.
- •5. Translate the following phrases from Text a.
- •6. Complete the following sentences with appropriate words from the text. Translate them.
- •7. Speak about your impressions of meetings you have attended.
- •Read the text Pitfalls of international meetings and discuss the key points under the following headings:
- •What pitfall or pitfalls, do you think, should be avoided at an international meeting held in Ukraine?
- •3. Translate the sentences containing modal verbs and provide comments on their meaning.
- •4. Insert appropriate prepositions where necessary.
- •Useful language
- •5. Translate into Englishusing the active vocabulary.
- •1. Match the words and their definitions. Think of their Ukrainian equivalents.
- •2. Answer the questions.
- •Think and discuss.
- •4. Complete the sentences with the appropriate form of the words provided in capitals.
- •When Tim Collins came back home he told his boss about the results of his business trip. Change the direct speech into reported speech. Follow the model.
- •Think and discuss:
- •3. Study the Useful language box and then role-play the negotiations below.
- •Translate into English using the active vocabulary.
- •2. Translate into English the phrases. Use the vocabulary from the text.
- •3. Read and translate the text. Pay attention to the way the highlighted model (to be to) is translated. Use the model in some sentences of your own. Text a Types of Presentations
- •Read text b. The text contains many sentences with should. What meaning does it have? Translate the sentences. Text b
- •Make up 5 sentences using the model I (you, he, she, we, they)’d better.
- •3. Read and remember
- •4.Complete the sentences with appropriate prepositions.
- •Complete the paragraph with the prepositions given in the box.
- •Write the numbers in full.
- •Prepare and deliver a tree-minute presentation on one of the following topics. Use the active vocabulary.
- •Translate into English using the active vocabulary of the unit.
- •Unit 6 сross cultural business communication
- •First read the text very quickly and write down one thing about each nationality that you can remember. Discuss what you have written with your partner.
- •Here are some final tips for travelers
- •2. Read the text again and answer the questions. Discuss the questions in pairs.
- •Think and discuss
- •4. Complete the passage below using words from the box in the correct form.
- •Gift giving in the international business context.
- •5. Complete the sentences below using the expressions in the box in the correct imperative form, positive or negative.
- •What customs surround a business lunch in your country?
- •Text b Who’s for a business lunch?
- •2. According to the writer of the article, are these statements true (t) or false (f)?
- •3.Pick up the odd one out in these lists of words. Explain your choice.
- •4.Read the article about Ukraine’s Business Culture.Use the words given in the brackets to form the words that will logically fit the sentence.
- •5.Think and discuss.
- •Translate into English.
- •International trade (Part one)
- •1. Match the two parts (a and b) to make aphrase. Translate the phrases.
- •2. Read the text and translate the sentences containing the phrases from exercise 1.
- •4. Look at the words in the box. Each of them can be stressed in two different ways. Why? What difference does it make?
- •5. Give definitions of the key notions:
- •6. Answer the questions.
- •7. Think and discuss.
- •1. Study and analyse the following model. Then look through the text and find four more sentences of the same model. Translate them.
- •International Trade and National Economies
- •2. Write the comparative form of the following adjectives and adverbs.
- •3. Rewrite the sentences using should and the comparative form.
- •4. Choose the right form to complete the following sentences.
- •International trade (Part two)
- •1. Read the text and translate the highlighted parts.
- •Look through the text again and translate sentences containing
- •3. Translate the sentences into English using –ing forms.
- •4. Comment on the following:
- •5.Complete the following passage, which describes the experience of the French car manufacturer Peugeot in the Indian market, with the words from the box.
- •1. Translate the following phrases from the text into English.
- •2. What do these abbreviations stand for?
- •3. Complete the sentences with appropriate prepositions where necessary.
- •4. Answer the questions.
- •5. Think and discuss.
- •6. Translate into English using the active vocabulary of the text.
- •Unit 8 european union
- •1. Translate the sentences from the text. Pay attention to the tense forms. Comment on their use.
- •2. Make up 3-4 sentences following the Passive model of sentences 1,4and 9. Then change sentences 1 and 4 into Active form. Write them down.
- •3. Complete the following sentences. Use the right form of the word in brackets.
- •4. Complete the following sentences. Use the right word from the box.
- •1. Match a and b to make a phrase. Translate the phrases.
- •2. Read the text and translate the sentences containing phrases from exercise1.
- •3. Complete the sentencesand translate them.
- •4. Answer the questions.
- •Translate the sentences into English.
- •Speak about the political future of this country.
- •Globalization
- •1. Think and discuss.
- •2. Read the text and translate the sentences with used to. Make up some more sentences with used to. Use the ideas of the text to help you. Text a Globalization
- •3. Answer the questions.
- •Match the words below with their definitions or synonyms
- •3. Look through the points below and classify them into two groups:
- •1) Advantages and 2) disadvantages.
- •Pros and Cons of Globalization
- •Answer the questions.
- •1. Philip Condit, chairman from Boeing, talks about the problems of turning Boeing into a global company.Read and discuss the text using the questions below to help you. Flight plan from Seattle
- •2. Ask some more questions to the text and answer them.
- •3. Translate the sentence provided below and make 3 - 4 more sentences of the same model. Use the ideas of the text to help you.
- •Choose the right word to complete the sentences. Discuss the idea of the article. Glocalization – thinking globally, acting locally
- •5.Answer the questions.
- •6. Translate into English
- •7. Speak about Ukraine in the context of globalization.
- •Setting up a business
- •1. Discuss in pairs.
- •Starting a Business of Your Own
- •3. Read the text and answer the questions.
- •4. Match the word/phrase on the right with those on the left.
- •5. Read the text again and decide if the following statements are true (t) or false (f).
- •6. Complete the sentences using the words from the box.
- •7. Use the appropriate form of the modal verbs can, may, have to, be to in the following sentences.
- •8. Complete the statements with the words in the box. Do you agree to all of them. Prove your point.
- •1. Read the following statements about Text b and indicate whether they are true (t) or false (f).
- •2. Complete the gaps in the passage below using the phrases from the list. You may need to change the form of some of the words. Definitions are given in brackets to help you.
- •5.Choose a famous millionaire of your country and write down about his or her history of success and failures.
- •6.Match the words with their definitions and translate them.
- •7. Make up sentences with the words from exercise 6.
- •8.Translate into Ukrainian
- •Unit 12
- •1.Match the phrases on the left with their Ukrainian equivalents on the right.
- •Read the text and translate the sentences with the phrases from Ex 1. Dealing with headaches
- •3. Read the text again and answer the questions.
- •4. Complete the sentences.Use the vocabulary from the text.
- •Think and answer.
- •2. Read about 50 Ways To Cope With Stress and comment on each recommendation.
- •3. Think and discuss:
- •4. Translate into English.
- •Unit 13 drawing up a business plan
- •2.Match the words/phrases on the left with those on the right.
- •3. There are a lot of direct questions in the text. Pick them up and change into indirect ones using the introductory phrases as in the example below. Mind the word order.
- •4. Summarise the recommendations presented in the text.
- •5. Complete the following phrases/sentences with adequate prepositions. Translate them into Ukrainian.
- •Text b a business plan form also covers:
- •1. Read the text and answer the questions.
- •2. Read the extracts below and decide which section of the checklist they come from.
- •3. Translate into English.
- •Unit 14 types of businesses
- •2. Match the word/phrase with the synonym.
- •3. Read the text again and decide if the following statements are true (t) or false (f).
- •4. Complete the following sentences using appropriate preposition or no preposition at all.
- •5.Complete the sentences choosing the appropriate form.
- •In pairs, decide which of the advantages and disadvantages below you would associate with the following forms of business. In some cases there may be more than one correct answer.
- •7. In pairs, prepare a short checklist of the questions that you would need to ask yourself before starting a business.
- •8. Translate into English.
- •In pairs, decide if the points below refer to (a) franchisees or (b) franchisors.
- •One day in my life
- •Read the text and answer the questions.
- •3. Match the word on the right with corresponding definition on the left.
- •4. Read the text “One day in my life” and decide if the following statements are true (t) or false (f).
- •5. Match the adverbs mentioned above to their corresponding definitions.
- •6. Complete the following sentences about Vanessa Stein by combining the verb in brackets with the appropriate form of used to or to be used to.
- •7. Write a short description of a typical day in your life, using used to, be used to and time adverbs. Try to show how your life today is different to what it was before.
- •Complete the passage below using the appropriate words or phrases from the box.
- •Unit 15 company structure
- •1. Read the textabout company structure and translate the highlighted parts ofthe text.
- •2. Complete the sentences.
- •3. Complete the passage below using the appropriate word or phrase from the box.
- •4.Circle the word that does not belong in each horisontal group.
- •5. Match the following definitions to the groups of three words that you identified above
- •6. Match each of the words that you circled with the following definitions.
- •7. Match the words and phrases (1 - 8)to their definitions (a – h).
- •8. Read the comments from different places in the organization and match them to the places listed in Ex.7 above.
- •9. What do the following departments do?
- •Read the text and answer the questions.
- •2. Match the prepositions in the box with the verbs below.
- •Complete the sentences using verbs and prepositions from Ex 2 in the correct form.
- •4. Read the text again and complete the organisation chart below.
- •5. Complete the following company profile with either the present perfect or past simple tense of the verb in brackets.
- •6. Complete the sentences. Use the right form of the verb in brackets.
- •Complete the sentences using correct preposition.
- •8. Translate into English.
- •Unit 16
- •Don’t put all your eggs in one basket
- •1. Read the text and answer the questions. Discuss the answers with your partner.
- •3.Match the verbs on the left with the nouns and phrases on the right.
- •4. Complete the sentences using the words from the text.
- •Diversification
- •1.Read the text and answer the questions.
- •3. Match the words on the left with their definitions on the right.
- •4. Try to explain these words in English. What do they mean?
- •6.Make the list of warnings provided in Text b.
- •7.Translate into English.
- •Unit 16 changes (part two)
- •Text a Mergers and Takeovers
- •1. Find out adjectives in the text and form adverbsout of them.
- •2. Complete the sentences using the appropriate words or phrases from the box.
- •3. Complete the sentences using the appropriate words or phrases from the box.
- •4.Complete the sentences. Use the right form of the words in brackets. Advantages of Mergers
- •5.Look through the points below and classify them into two groups:
- •1) Benefits 2) disadvantages
- •1. Match the words to make word partnership. Then read the text and check yourself.
- •Text b Outsourcing
- •2. Read the text and answer the questions.
- •3. Match the words on the left with their definitions on the right. Make up sentences.
- •4.Complete the sentences using the appropriate words or phrases from the box.
- •Look through the points below and classify them into two groups:
- •1) Benefits 2) disadvantages of outsourcing
- •6. Complete the chart with different parts of speech. Use your dictionary to help you.
- •8. Speaking. You work in the press office of an insurance company that has recently taken over another company.
- •9.Translate into English
- •Unit 17 recruitment
- •1. Match the verbs on the right to the nouns on the left to make word partnership.
- •2. Read the text and answer the questions.
- •3. Insert prepositions where necessary.
- •4. Complete the passage below using the appropriate words or phrases from the box.
- •5. Read the text and get ready to give your partner recommendations on how to present resume. Use the model You shouldn’t / You should… .
- •1. Read the text and translate the sentences with passive constructions. Text b Job interview
- •2. Change the following sentences into passive and vice versa.
- •3. In the extract, an interviewer speaks about the stages of an interview. Read about what he says and complete the chart below.
- •4.Look at the questions that the interviewer uses during an interview. In which section of the interview would each question appear?
- •Read the first extract and think how you would act in a situation like this.
- •Read the second extract and try to answer the trick questions provided there.
- •7. Rank the following questions in order of difficulty.Comment on your choice.
- •8. Think and discuss.
- •10. Look at the different types of people and think which are the most desirable for companies to employ.
- •If you had to choose between highly qualified but not very friendly person and friendly and reliable person but of lower qualification, what would you choose?
- •Complete the sentenceswith the present perfect simple or present perfect continuous of the verbs in the box. Use each verb twice.
- •Translate into English.
- •Sample of Reference.
- •Sample of Cover/ing Letter
- •Table of contents
- •References
1. Match the phrases with their Ukrainian equivalents.
1) to keep for reference 2) the way it is written 3) it is important to make sure 4) you should follow 5) layout 6) job title 7) certain conventions 8) you should avoid contractions |
Aформат (розташування елементів) Bвам треба дотримуватися С посада D важливо впевнитися E тримати для довідки Fте, як він (лист) написаний Gвам треба уникати скорочень Н певні традиції |
2. Infinitive of purpose (in Ukrainian щоб, для того щоб)is very often used in business style. One is highlighted for you. Find six more in this text and some more in the following texts and translate the sentences.
BUSINESS LETTERS
Formal business correspondence is usually done by letters as this leaves a written record which can be kept for reference. Business letters can be of different types with different purposes: to apply for a job, to inform people of developments, to request action, to offer a service, to complain, to invite etc. To write a successful business letter you need to use the right tone and to communicate your message to the reader using straightforward language. The way a letter is written reveals a lot about the person who is writing it and it also sends a message about the organization that he or she is working for. It is, therefore, very important to make sure that the information, layout, style and spelling are all correct before you send it.
Layout
When writing a business letter, you should follow the standard format. The sample letter below shows where the following different components should appear on the page.
a letterhead / address (but not name) of writer
b name and address of recipient
c date
d opening (salutation)
e body of the letter
reason for writing
main part
request
fclosing remark, salutation
g signature
h name and job title
Language styles
Business letters are usually quite formal in style. A conversational style is therefore not appropriate and you should avoid contractions, for example. Try to use verbs in the active and not in the passive forms as this will make your letter more dynamic. You should also avoid writing sentences that are too long and that include complicated or unnecessary language. A straightforward letter will get your message across more effectively than a long wordy one. There are certain conventions concerning the correct way to address people and to close your letter.
Opening Letters alwaysstart withDear … followed by the correct form of address. If the letter is going to someone whose name you do not know, it starts withDear Sir, orDear Madam, orDear SirorMadam, … .But if you know the name, then you can begin with Dear Mr/Ms Taylor, or Dear Greg Taylor, … .
Closing Letters are usually closed in standard ways. At the end of your letter you should include a short sentence likeI look forward to hearing from you, orPlease, do not hesitate to contact me if you need further information. Below that, you should put a closing phrase:
Yours sincerely, (formal, for letters beginning Dear+ name)
Yours faithfully, (formal, for letters beginning Dear sir/Madam)
Yours truly, / Best regards, / Best wishes, (less formal)
Notes:to apply for a job –подавати заяву на роботу
will get message across – донесе вашу інформацію
a long wordy one – довгий багатослівний (лист)
U s e f u l l a n g u a g e |
With reference to your letter of the 15th of this month, … It was very kind of you to agree … As I mentioned in my last letter to you… Thank you fortaking the time … Regarding the question of… I will arrange for my secretary to forward the minutes to you for your approval. I am enclosing a copy of our latest proposal. cc (copy sent to another person) PS (for additional sentence(s)included after the signature) I am writing to complain about…/to say that I am not happy with… My second complaint is that… To my surprise/horror/disappointment…. Furthermore… When it comes to the question of… I must insist that…/ I must insist on+ -ing |
Sample letter
17, Oxford Road, Stradford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire WRI 3R (your address)
14th July
(date) Brook Mail Order, Cliff Road, Poole, Dorset (name and address of recipient)
Dear Sir / Madam, (salutation) I am writing to you about a Braun alarm clock (JH9785) which I ordered through your mail order catalogue on June 15. (reason for writing)
The alarm clock arrived safely six days ago and worked perfectly for the first few days but now it has gone wrong. When I shout at the alarm, it keeps on buzzing. I have read the instructions and I am sure that I have set the alarm correctly. (main part - complaint)
I am returning the alarm clock with this letter and would be grateful if you could send me a new one or refund the money. (request)
I look forward to hearing from you. (closing remark) Yours faithfully (salutation)
(signature) ___________
(writer’s name )
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