7. Write a short description of a typical day in your life, using used to, be used to and time adverbs. Try to show how your life today is different to what it was before.

2. Interview a partner about his / her virtual company. Ask:

   if their prices are low or high compared with their competitors; if advertising is important to their business; what training their staff receive; if they hold regular meetings with their colleagues and counterparts; if they have close relationships with their supplier; if their managers are locals or foreigners; 7) why their customers like their products /service.

   Are your prices low or high compared with your competitors?

3. Complete the passage below using the appropriate words or phrases from the box.

franchisor management service fee advertising fee franchisee format franchise agreement franchise fee

Franchising can be defined as a business system in which a company (or 1…) sells an individual (or 2 …) the right to operate a business using the franchisor’s established system or ( 3 …). The franchisee is thus able to take advantage of the franchisor’s brand names, reputation and experience. As part of the contract (or 4 …) the franchisee pays an initial sum of money, known as a (5 …) to the franchisor and, in addition, agrees to pay a (6 …) in exchange for continuing advice and assistance which is usually calculated as a percentage of annual turnover. In certain cases the franchisee may also pay an (7…) to contribute to the franchisor’s annual advertising and marketing costs. It is important to understand that the franchisee also has to find the necessary capital to open the business.

2. Translate into English.

1. Ви не завжди будете винагороджені відповідно до своїх успіхів.

2. Переважно/зазвичай, коли ви живете за списками, це допомагає.

3. Власник бренду хоче, щоб ви відповідали цим стандартам.

4. Чи ви мусите відповідати цим стандартам?

5.Певних речей вам належить дотримуватися.

6. Ви ведете свій бізнес від імені певної організації.

7. Оцінюють усі аспекти.

8. Чи плинність кадрів однакова весь час?

9. У даний момент нам бракує працівників.

10.У кінці місяця вам доводиться працювати за північ.

Discussion

Read the text. Do you agree with the facts presented in it? Can you add anything?.

Living in Ukraine for over one year has provided me with a rich opportunity to observe differences in both culture and marketing practices between the United States and Ukraine. I am sure that a tourist to Ukraine, travelling primarily to Kyiv, would be more likely to observe similarities between two cultures. However, the differences emerge. Take McDonald’s as an example, the same or different? Yes, the McDonald’s restaurants in Ukraine look just like those found all around the world and they serve the U.S. hamburgers, cheeseburgers, fries and the basic “McMenu” and the food tastes exactly the same here as everywhere else. Although, one has to pay for extra ketchup or mayonnaise (free in many other parts in the world). Customer service levels are on a par with McDonald’s everywhere.

Though, the difference exists. The biggest one is that people working in McDonald’s in Ukraine are extremely happy. Not only happy, they actually bounce as they perform their work. I won’t say that the employees in fast food restaurants in the U.S. are necessarily grumpy, but they certainly do not ‘bounce’. Here in Ukraine the employees practically fly, and come close to singing as they mop the floors.

For the next difference, look at the patrons. In the U.S. virtually anyone can afford to go to a fast food restaurant. Perhaps they can’t afford it every day, but once or twice a month it is possible. The American drive-through is populated with cars of all price levels, and the people in the cars and restaurants come from all economic backgrounds. Now, check out people in Ukraine. McDonald’s is a special occasion restaurant, and an expensive place to go in Ukraine. The cars in the Ukrainian drive-through are Mercedes and BMWs. The patrons are there to celebrate birthdays and special dates. Only wealthy Ukrainians (or foreigners) can afford to go there for an everyday meal.

McDonald’s is the place to find the cell phones and fur coats alongside people who scrimp to buy one meal there. I have seen mothers come in and buy a child a Happy Meal, and then pull food out of a purse to eat with the child. I have also seen a Big Mac Meal split two, three or four ways. I have seen people come into the restaurant just to look. They can’t afford to eat there, but they want to see it.

The major similarity between the restaurant in the U.S. and in Ukraine is its appeal to children. Children here know McDonald’s, they know it’s a place where they can get a toy, and they know they will have fun there. They demand that their parents take them there. There is no difference in that regard. The difference lies in the likelihood of the demand being fulfilled.

Notes: patron - амер. a person who regularly uses a particular shop,

supermarket, hotel etc

bounce - підстрибувати, пританцьовувати

scrimp – заощаджувати