Shipping documents
Test for the 5th year cadets
Goods … under present contract.
a) have been sold; b) was sold; c) were selling.
Demurrage … to be paid at the rate stipulated in the Charter Party per day.
a) shall; b) is; c) are.
All amendments and additions …out in writing and signed by both parties.
a) are maked; b) are made; c) has been made.
The weight stated in the Bill of Lading …be considered final and binding upon both parties.
a) is; b) must: c) shall.
Certificates …by the respective Chamber of Commerce of the Sellers' or Buyers' country.
a) was issued; b) has been issued; c) were issued.
The goods are considered … by Sellers and accepted by Buyers in respect to quantity.
a) to be delivered; b) delivering; c) to deliver.
After the signing of the present contract all previous negotiations and correspondence between the parties in connection with it … null and void.
a) have to be considered; b) shall be considered; c) is to be considered.
The Captain is entitled …in the above notice at any time of the day.
a) handling; b) to hand; c) to be handed.
The goods … under the present contract are to be delivered by Sellers and accepted by Buyers.
a) sold; b) were sold; c) have been sold.
Sellers are not to pay any demurrage if the total hours for tanker's actual loading and unloading … the total hours provided for in the Charter Party.
does not exceed; b) are not exceed; c) do not exceed.
Should Buyers fail to open the Letter of Credit in time they …to pay Sellers a fine for each day of the delay.
a) are; b) shall; c) has.
….you made payment yet?
did; b) were; c) have.
How long …these circumstances …?
have…lasted; b) have….been lasting; c) are…lasting.
Seller … from responsibility for delay in delivery of the goods, and no damages incurred by Buyers in connection with it can be claimed from Sellers.
a) is released; b) are released; c) is to be released.
Expenses in connection with the opening, amendment and utilization of the Letter of Credit … be paid by Buyers.
may; b) must; c) shall.
What right …each party have?
is; b) do; c) does.
If the above mentioned quotations ….higher or lower than the above limits, the basic price … under the present contract … at the request of any of the parties.
a) are…fixed…is to be considered; b) will be…is fixed…considered; c) are….fixed…are to be considered.
Topic 4. Shipping documents.
Cargoes are carried on board a ship under a contract of affreightment, which may be a charter party (between the Shipowner and the Charterer) or a Bill of Lading (between the Carrier and the Cargo Owner).
When the Shipper wants to book his cargo on ship, he sends a shipping note to the Shipowner or his Agent, which contain a full description of the goods.
Shipping notes are compiled into the booking list, which gives details of all cargo intended for loading. This paper is sent to the ship to enable the stowage to be planned and to the stevedore to arrange for loading.
When the goods are delivered to the ship, they are documented in an advice known as the boat note. When the goods are actually loaded, the Chief Officer signs this advice, which then becomes the mate’s receipt. The Mate’s Receipt is signed by the Chief Officer. It is evidence that the specified goods have been accepted on board.
The Shipper exchanges his mate’s receipt for a bill of lading. Often the Shipper pays the freight at this time. The bills are consolidated into a manifest, which lists all cargo actually loaded on board. Cargo Manifest is drawn up by the Agents in the port of loading, based upon the Bills of Lading. The Manifest contains the following data: the name of the ship, port of loading and date of departure, port of destination, number of Bills of Lading, marks of packages and contents, names of Shippers and Consignees, weight of packages, rate of freight per unit, total freight.
The Bill of Lading is delivered to the Buyer of the goods.
In marine shipping a bill of lading is interpreted as a Master’s acknowledgement and undertaking as to receipt and delivery of goods. It is signed by the Master.
The Bill of Lading has three functions:
1.It is a receipt of cargo and evidence of the quantity and condition of the cargo.
2.It is a document of title. It is proof of entitlement to possession of the cargo. It can be passed to someone else if the cargo is sold. At the discharge port, the cargo should only be delivered to the holder of the bill of lading.
3.It is evidence of the contract of affreightment concluded between the shipowner and the Cargo owner.
A Bill of Lading can be clean (when the goods appear to be in good order when loaded onto the ship) or dirty (when some of the goods are damaged or missing). If the bill of lading is dirty, the Consignee can refuse to take delivery of the goods.
However, there are also various other types of bill of lading:
1.The received B/L. This kind of B/L is issued when the goods have been inspected but haven’t yet been loaded onto the ship. Such B/L may for example be necessary when the ship has been delayed and hasn’t yet reached the port where the goods are waiting.
2.The on-board B/L. This B/L is issued for goods which have already been loaded onto a ship. Banks may insist on on-board B/L as being safer than the received version.
3.The straight B/L. It can be negotiated. Only the consignee stated on the B/L can take delivery of the goods.
4.The order B/L. It can be negotiated by endorsement.
5.The through B/L. It is used when the goods are to be transported by more than one carrier.
6.The container B/L. It is used for the transportation of containerised goods
7.The groupage B/L. It is used for grouped consignments.
8.To bearer B/L. It is passed from hand to hand without any formalities. Any Holder of the B/L becomes legal Receiver of the goods.
There is another important document which is called Cargo Plan or Stowage Plan. It shows the part of the hold and the holds in which the various cargo pieces have been stowed. It shows marks and destination of cargo. Cargo Plan gives a clear picture of the disposition of each cargo piece.