Hippocrates - гіппократ

Exercise 1. Explain the pronunciation of the suffix - ion in the following words & translate them into Russian:

Function, formation, possession, eruption, discussion, production, contraction, admission, consultation, attention, examination, percussion, auscultation, session.

Exercise 2.Form adverbs foam the following adjectives:

Model; slight - slightly,

Full, short, main, great, present, natural, nice, proud, definite, easy, historical, glad, precise, accurate, high, personal, loud, kind, original, difficult.

Exercise 3. Topic vocabulary:

Evil – бес Disfavor - немилость

Accurately – точно Pneumonia - пневмония

Epilepsy – эпилепсия Cleanliness - чистота, опрятность

Ethics- этика A series of- ряд

То соре with – справляться

Explanation - объяснение, разъяснение, толкование

Superstition - суеверие, религиозные предрассудки

Exercise 4. Find in the right column the English equivalents of the following word combinations:

The founder of medicine естественный процесс заживления

Medical practice быть причиной религиозных предрассудков

The study of the human body одержимостью духами беса

To be based on observations основатель медицины

To be caused by superstition изучать тело человека

By possession of evil spirits медицинская практика

To be in disfavor of the gods быть в немилости богов

Natural healing process основываться на наблюдениях

Exercise 5. Read and translate the text:

Hippocrates.

Hippocrates was a Greek physician born in 460 ВС on the island of Cost, Greece. He became known as the founder of medicine and was regarded as the greatest physician of his time. He based his medical practice on observations and on the study of the human body. He held the belief that illness had a physical and a rational explanation. He rejected the views of his time that considered illness to be caused by superstitions and by possession of evil spirits and disfavor of the gods.

Hippocrates held the belief that the body must be treated as a whole and not just a series of parts. He accurately described disease symptoms and was the first physician to accurately describe the symptoms of pneumonia, as well as epilepsy in children. He believed in the natural healing process of rest, a good diet, fresh air and cleanliness. He noted that there were individual differences in the severity of disease symptoms and that some individuals were better able to cope with their disease and illness than others. He was also the first physician that held the belief that thoughts, ideas and feelings come from the brain- and not the heart as others of him time believed. Hippocrates traveled throughout Greece practicing his medicine. He founded a medical school on the island of Cost, Greece and began teaching his ideas. He soon developed an Oath of Medical Ethics for physicians to follow. This Oath is taken by physicians today as they begin their medical practice. He died in 377 ВС. Today Hippocrates is known as the "Father of Medicine".

Exercise1. Answer the following questions:

1. When was Hippocrates born?

2. What country was he born?

3. Who was regarded as the founder of medicine?

4. What did Hippocrates base his medical practice on?

5. Symptoms of what hard diseases were described by Hippocrates?

6. What did he believe in?

7. Throughout of what country did he travel practicing his medicine?

8. What school did Hippocrates found in Greece?

9. What oath did he develop for physician to follow?

10. What age did Hippocrates die?

Exercise 2.Form the degrees of comparison from the following adjectives and adverbs

Model: soon - sooner - the soonest

Late, correctly, well, responsible, deep, happy, high, early, great, new, easy, much, modern, beautiful, clear, interesting, far, good, narrow, big, wide, long, little, bad.

Exercise 3. Translate into English:

Самое ценное лекарство; самое необходимое назначение; более глубокие знания по медицине; самое сложное соединение; самое плохое состояние; самое лучшее лечение; наименьший вред; хуже всего; самые ранние проявления; самый простой метод лечения; самая большая больница; этот коридор длиннее; лучшая студентка; более трудный семестр; эта задача легче.

Exercise 4. Find equivalents for these word combinations in the text:

Справляться с болезнью, путешествовать по всему свету, тяжесть симптомов болезни, медицинская практика, базироваться на исследованиях, быть в немилости, разумное объяснение, давать клятву, отец медицины, основать медицинскую школу, самый великий учёный, отвергать точку зрения, точно описать симптомы болезни, процесс заживления, эпилепсия у детей.

Exercise 5. Put questions to the underlined words:

1. Hippocrates was a Greek physician.

2. He was regarded as the greatest physician of his time.

3. Hippocrates held the belief that the body must be treated as a whole.

4. Hippocrates traveled throughout Greece.

5. There were individual differences in the severity of disease symptoms.

6. He believed in the natural healing process of rest, a good diet, fresh air and cleanliness.

7. Hippocrates developed an Oath of Medical Ethics for physicians to follow.

8. Today Hippocrates is known as the father of medicine... .

Exercise 6. Insert the prepositions where it is necessary:

1. Hippocrates was a Greek physician born … -460 ВС … the island .. Cost Greece,

2. He became known as the founder ... medicine.

3. He based his medical practice ... observations and ... the study ... the human body.

4. He believed ... the natural healing process ... rest, a good diet, fresh air and cleanliness.

5. He noted that some individuals were better able to cope ... their disease and illness than others.

6. He founded a medical school... the island of Cost, Greece.

7. This Oath is taken ... physicians today as they begin their medical practice.

8. He died... 377 ВС.

NIKOLAY IVANOVICH PIROGOV – МИКОЛА ІВАНОВИЧ ПІРОГОВ

PART I

Exercise1. Practice the pronunciation:

Scientist [‘saiəntist], pedagogue [‘pedə,gog], figure [‘figə], surgeon [‘sə:dΖ(ə)n], persuade [pə’sweid], however [hau’evə], specialize [‘spe∫əlaiz], thesis [‘θi:sis], Caucasian [ko:’keiΖn, ko:’keiziən], Prussian [‘prΛ∫n], Crimea [krai’miə], poor [po:ə(r)], reside [ri’zaid], peasant [‘pez(ə)nt].

Exercise 2. Topic vocabulary:

Surgeon - хірург To intend - мати намір, збиратися

Persuade - переконати, вмовити To complete studies - закінчити навчання

Field surgery - польова хірургія To reside - мешкати, проживати

To suggest - запропонувати Estate - маєток

To establish – заснувати Prominent scientist - видатний вчений

He is considered to be… - його вважають Military medicine - військова медицина

To withdraw from… - звільнитись з … (роботи)

To argue for… - виступати (наводити докази) за…

Civil servant - чиновник, державний службовець

Authorities - керівництво (тут: керівництво університету)

To defend a doctor’s thesis - захистити докторську дисертацію

To take up an appointment - прийняти призначення (на посаду)

Superintendent of schools - тут : опікувач учбових закладів

Exercise 3. Find the equivalents:

To specialize as a surgeon військовий хірург

An army surgeon лікувати місцевих селян

Education for the poor переконати керівництво

To become a civil servant спеціалізуватись у хірургії

To treat local peasants стати державним службовцем

To persuade the authorities освіта для бідних

Exercise 4. Translate into Ukrainian:

The most famous figure, the family doctor, to observe the state of surgery, to take up an appointment as a professor of surgery, the academy of military medicine, the father of field surgery, to withdraw from the academy, to argue for education, to establish a clinic, to learn the Ukrainian language as a show of respect.