Pay attention how names of these medical specialists are formed:

obstetrics – obstetrician paediatrics – paediatrician surgery – surgeon

9. Fill in the gaps with active vocabulary:

1. Each … is usually divided into two …

2. A medical university is a post –secondary …

3. During their course of studies medical students … and have practical classes in different subjects.

4. Medical students typically … in both basic science andpractical clinical coursework during their …in medical school.

5. Students perform different laboratory works and attend dissecting room… of Anatomy.

6. The clinical part of the course includes learning …, …, and… .

10. Give definitions of all the medical specialists from Exercise 6 using the model:

Model: Paediatrician - a medical practitioner who specializes in paediatrics.

11. Fill the gaps with there is/are, there was/were:

1. … always many young people who want to study medicine.

2. … three people in my class at school who wanted to study medicine.

3. … a party in this club last Friday.

4. … nobody here who knows him.

5. … a cinema there 10 years ago.

6. … many subjects we have to learn during our first and second years of studying.

7. … lots of things he had to do last week.

8. … something I want to tell you.

12. Make the following sentences negative and interrogative:

For example: There are some new words in the text.

There are no new words in the text.

Are there any new words in the text?

1. There are some interesting books on the shelf.

2. There is a problem about it.

3. There was a person there who spoke Russian.

4. There were some questions he wanted to ask.

13. Fill in the gaps with appropriate prepositions:

1. They will have classes … different subjects during their firstd year at university.

2. … the end of each term students take module controls …most subjects.

3. Thousands of young people … the world enter medical schools every year.

4. They didn’t have time to get ready … their exam.

5. Studying medicine can lead … caree as a doctor.

6. Traditionally the course structure is devided …pre-clinical and clinical parts.

14. Fill the gaps with the correct form of the verbs in brackets (pay attention to the use of Future Simple in the subordinate clauses of time and purpose):

1. They …(to be) upset, if you …(not to come).

2. When he …(to grow) older, he…(to understand) it.

3. If we …(not to learn) these words, we…(not to be) able to understand the text.

4. …you…(to come) to the party, if they … (not to invite) your friend?

5. What ...he …(do), if his sister…(to refuse) to help him.

6. The physician … (to go) home after he … (to see) his patients.

7. When you … (to see) Brian again, you … (not to recognize) him.

8. He …(to go) to hospital tomorrow, if he … (not to be) better.

15. Complete the dialogue between Andriy and Viktor, two first year Ukrainian medical students, about the necessity of learning English for medical specialists, with the missing parts from the box:

If you think of all the opportunities …if an English speaking patient needs your help? There are lots of new words to learn …there is nobody to translate nearby Is there any project …if you don’t know English There is lots of medical literature in English …I will use an electronic translator

Andriy: Hey, Viktor, did you see our English hometask for Wednesday?

Viktor: No, not yet. What is there?

Andriy: It’s huge! _____________, four grammar exercises to do and a text to read and translate. It will take hours to do it all!

Viktor: __________________ or essay to write?

Andriy: Oh, yes! I didn’t see it at first. There is a short personal statement to write. Unbelievable! It looks like there will be no time for anything else but studying tomorrow! Why do we have to learn English? We are going to be doctors, not translators, aren’t we?

Viktor: Sure, we are. But I don’t quite agree with you about studying English. ______________, how will you read it, if you don’t know English?

Andriy: I will find the same materials in Russian. Well, in case I don’t find anything of the kind in Russian, ___________________________.

Viktor: But they translate in a horrible way! Sometimes you may misunderstand very important information using electronic translators. And think about another thing, what will you do _______________ You will not be able to understand his complaints, _____________________.

Andriy: Well, I’ll find somebody to translate then.

Viktor: What if _______________________________ and the person needs an immediate help?

Andriy: Ok, Ok, I agree that it’s better to know English than not to know it. Still, doing that huge English hometask doesn’t make me very happy.

Viktor: _________________________ knowledge of English will give you in future, I’m sure, you will feel much better.

16. Translate the sentences into English.

1. Скільки речень у цій вправі?

2. Якщо ми не вирушим зараз, ми спізнемось.

3. Якщо завтра не буде часу поговорити з ним, я відправлю йому повідомлення.

4. Я получу погану оцінку, якщо не зроблю домашнє завдання.

5. Коли він прийшов, в кімнаті не було нікого.

6. Що вони робитимуть, якщо у магазині не буде цих книг?

7. Де він буде жити, коли приїде в Одесу?

8. У цій вправі є кілька незнайомих слів.

9. У тому селі немає людей, яких вона не знає.

10. Що там було, коли ви прийшли?

11. Коли вони будуть писати модульний контроль з анатомії?

12. Наприкінці кожного семестру студенти медики складають модульні контролі з більшості дісципліню

DENTAL EDUCATION IN UKRAINE

Вища стоматологічна освіта в Україні

Exercise 1. Practice the pronunciation

profile [prou’fail] language [‘læŋgwid3]senior [‘si:niә] chance [t∫a:ns] taught [to:t] lose [lu:z] quality [‘kwoliti]

Exercise 2. Topic vocabulary

to provide забезпечувати school leavers випускники школи

applicant абітурієнт capable здатний

to obtain отримати skill навички, уміння

on smb’s own самостійно senior student старшокурсник

to attend відвідувати (лекции, школу и т.п.)

graduating from the university закінчення университету

Exercise 3. Find the equivalent

Competently educated зовнішнє тестування

Quality dental care професійні навички

External testing добре освічений

Professional skills обов’язкові предмети

Required subjects кваліфіковане стоматологічне обслуговування

Exercise 4. Give Ukrainian equivalents to the following word combinations

State clinics, basic biological sciences, the term of training, quality dental care, all segments of the population, competently educated in clinical sciences, the goal of dental educational program, to develop professional skills, after graduating from the university, the external testing in biology, to obtain less than 124 points, to diagnose diseases on their own

Exercise 5. Translate into Ukrainian. Pay attention to the use of Infinitive

1. The goal of all medical university programs is to produce highly qualified specialists.

2. The term of training to become a dentist is 5 years.

3. To enter the medical university the applicants are required to take External Testing in Ukrainian, chemistry, and biology.

4. All medical universities try to modify their programs to achieve a better correlation between the basic and clinical subjects.

Exercise 6. Read and translate the text.

Dental education in Ukraine is provided by 12 stomatological (dentistry) faculties of medical universities and dental academy. Each year 1500 school leavers enter one of the medical universities to become dentists.

Today Ukraine has 19 000 dentists of various profiles, 4600 state dental clinics, 5000 private dental clinics. The term of training to become a dentist at most Ukrainian medical universities is 5 years.

The goal of the dental educational program is to produce specialists who are;

• competently educated in the basic biological and clinical sciences,

• capable of providing quality dental care to all segments of the population.

The term of training to become a dentist at most Ukrainian medical universities is 5 years.

During the first two years students study so-called preclinical subjects. They attend lectures in anatomy, physiology, biology, histology, Latin, foreign languages and some social subjects.

The senior students develop their professional skills in different hospitals and clinics, where they are taught how to examine patients and diagnose oral diseases on their own.

All medical universities try to modify their programs to achieve a better correlation between the basic and clinical subjects.

After graduating from the higher medical school the student gets the diploma and begins to work as an intern.

To enter the medical university the applicants are required to take the External Testing in the Ukrainian language and literature, biology, and chemistry. Persons obtaining at this testing less than 124 points in any of required subjects lose their chance to become a student this year.

Exercise 7. Answer the questions

1. What is the length of dental education in Ukraine?

2. What educational institutions provide the training of dentists in Ukraine?

3. How many students enter the stomatological faculties every year?

4. What tests should the applicant take to become a dental student?

5. What is the goal of the dental educational program?

6. Where can the senior students develop professional skills?

Exercise 8. Find and correct the grammar errors in the following sentences

1. Many students enter to the medical university every year.

2. Students are teach how to examine patients.

3. During the first two years students studies so-called preclinical subjects.

4. The applicants are required take the External Testing.

5. There are 12 stomatological faculties and dental academy in the Ukraine.

6. The students will asked next lesson.

Exercise 9. Translate into English

1. Після закінчення медичного університету студенти працюють у якості інтернів.

2. Щоб вступити до медичного університету, потрібно пройти зовнішнє тестування з української мови та літератури, хімії та біології.

3. В Україні працює 19 000 стоматологів різного профілю.

4. Протягом двох перших років навчання студенти-стоматологи вивчають до клінічні дисципліни.

5. Старшокурсники розвивають практичні навички в лікарнях та клініках.

6. Сьогодні в Україні є 4600 державних та 5000 приватних стоматологічних клінік.

Exercise 10. Tell about the dental education in Ukraine according to the plan:

higher dental institutions, duration of studying, entrance requirements, the medical university program

TEST

1. Each year … school leavers enter one of the medical universities to become a dentist.

1. 1000 b) 1500 c) 2000 d) 3000 e) 4000

2. All medical universities try to achieve a better correlation between …

1. state dental clinics and private dental clinics b) the basic and clinical subjects

c) the term of training and the number of applicants d) biology and chemistry

5. entrance requirements and the term of training

3. The … develop professional skills in dental clinics during their study.

4. Applicants b) school leavers c) first-year students d) senior students e) interns

4. Persons obtaining less than 124 points at the External Testing …

1. can not become students this year b) are going to be dentists

c) have a chance to become students d) enter the medical university e)work as interns

5. Medical universities train specialists who …

1. can work as interns b) study preclinical subjects c) provide quality dental care

d) take the External Testing e) become students

DENTAL EDUCATION IN THE USA

ВИЩА СТОМАТОЛОГІЧНА ОСВІТА В КРАЇНАХ, МОВА ЯКИХ ВИВЧАЄТЬСЯ

Exercise 1. Practice the pronunciation

require [ ri’kwaiә] earn [ə :n] comprehension [kompri’hen∫n] maturity [mә‘tjuәriti] proficiency [prə‘fi ∫( ə)nsi] bachelor [‘bæt∫әlә] undergraduate [ ande’grədjuәt]

Exercise 2. Topic vocabulary

to enroll зачислити (до вузу) competence уміння, компетентність

proficiency уміння, майстерність to earn отримати (заробити)

comprehension – розуміння to give preference (to) віддати перевагу

maturity зрілість admission вступ ( до університету тощо)

bachelor’s degree - ступінь бакалавра perceptual ability-здатність сприймати, розуміти

undergraduate education – навчання у вищому навчальному закладі до отримання диплома про вищу освіту

Exercise 3. Find the equivalents

admission requirements мета співбесіди

letters of evaluation рівноцінні ступені

the purpose of the interview вимоги до вступу

equivalent degrees практика в клініці

clinical training листи з рекомендаціями

restorative dentistry терапевтична стоматологія

Exercise 4. Give Ukrainian equivalents to the following word combinations

the major part, dental oriented biological sciences, to provide competence in the treatment of oral diseases, the first professional degree, general chemistry, to earn the bachelor’s degree, problem solving, predental education, knowledge of the dental profession, maturity of the applicant, to apply basic principles and techniques

Exercise 5. Read and translate the sentences. Pay attention to Passive Voice

1. Some materials should be transmitted directly to the college.

2. Clinical training is designed to provide competence in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of oral diseases.

3. Of the 13,742 individuals who applied for admission, 34% were enrolled.

4. Dental education in the USA is provided by dental schools.

5. The first professional degree in dentistry is titled the doctor of dental surgery.

Exercise 6. Read and translate the text

Dental education in the USA is provided by the dental schools enrolling more than 4500 students annually.

The traditional dental school program requires four academic years of study. Students generally spend the major part of the first two years studying the biological sciences to learn about function of the human body and its diseases. Students also receive instructions about basic sciences such as human anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, microbiology, and pharmacology and dental oriented biological sciences such as oral anatomy, oral pathology, and oral histology.

The focus of the final two years of dental school generally concentrates on clinical study. Clinical training is designed to provide competence in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of oral diseases and disorders. Students apply basic principles and techniques involved in oral diagnosis, treatment planning, restorative dentistry, periodontics, oral surgery, orthodontics, pediatric dentistry, and other types of treatment.

The first professional degree in dentistry is titled either the Doctor of dental surgery (D.D.S.) or the Doctor of dental medicine (D.M.D.).The D.D.S. and D.M.D. are equivalent degrees.

Admission requirements for the dental school include

• the results from the Dental Admission Test (DAT). The DAT examines proficiency in biology, general chemistry, and organic chemistry, reading comprehension (dental and basic sciences) and perceptual ability (problem solving).

• a minimum of two years of undergraduate education (also called “predental education”) at the university. But the most dental schools give preference to individuals who earned a bachelor’s degree.

• letters of evaluation (recommendation)

• personal interview. The purpose of the interview is to determine the applicants knowledge of the dental profession, motivation, and maturity.

Exercise 7. Make up 5 different types of questions to the text.

Exercise 8. Find synonyms to the following words and word combinations in the text

every year, to guarantee, aim, to be called, method, understanding, demand

Exercise 9. Translate into English

1. До стоматологічних шкіл США щорічно вступає 4500 студентів.В стоматологические школы США ежегодно поступает более 4500 студентов.

2. Головна увага на останніх двох курсах зосереджена на практичному навчанні майбутніх стоматологів.

3. Студенти застосовують на практиці основні принципи та методи діагностики та лікування захворювань порожнини рота.

4. Більшість стоматологічних шкіл віддають перевагу тим абітурієнтам, які отримали ступінь бакалавра.

5. Однією з цілей співбесіди є визначення мотивації абітурієнта.

Exercise 10. Prepare an oral report “Dental education in the USA”

Ukrainian equivalent British English American English

Семестр term semester

Осінній (семестр) autumn (term) fall (semester)

Основний предмет chief/special subject major subject

Першокурсник first year student/ undergraduate freshman

Аспірант postgraduate student graduate student

Гуртожиток hostel dormitory or dorm

Перерва break recess

TEST

1. To earn the doctor of dental surgery degree one must study …at the dental school.

a) 4 years b) 5 years c) 3 years d) 6 years e) 7 years

2. During the final two years of dental school students ...

   1. study dental oriented biological sciences b) improve reading comprehension

c) study oral anatomy and oral histology d) have clinical study

4. determine their knowledge in dental profession

3. … is not required for admission to the dental school.

   1. Pre-dental education b) bachelor’s degree

3. Dental Admission Test d) letters of recommendation

4. The purpose of the interview is …

1. to examine perceptual ability b) to get results from the Dental Admission Test

c) to take letters of evaluation d) d) to get the first professional degree

e) to determine the applicants knowledge of dental profession, motivation, and maturity

ODESSA STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

ОДЕСЬКИЙ ДЕРЖАВНИЙ МЕДИЧНИЙ УНІВЕРСИТЕТ

Exercise 1. Practise the pronunciation:

scientist [`saiəntist], european [,jʊərə`piən], academician [ə,kæ də`miʃn], available [ə`veiləbl], specialty [`spɛʃəlti], specialization [,speʃəlai`zeiʃ(ə)n].

Exercise 2. Topic vocabulary:

to be founded бути заснованим dean декан

resortology курортологія vivarium віварій

to master оволодівати to enroll зараховувати

decree наказ, рішення independent незалежний

prominent видатний

thanks to the efforts завдяки зусиллям

Exercise 3. Translate the following words without dictionary:

surgeon, surgical, surgery, physics, physical, physicist, scientist, science, scientific, education, educational, academy, academician, academic, institution, institute, institutional, medical, medicine, medic, student, studies, special, specialty, specialist, specialization, practical, practice, practitioner.

Exercise 4. Form the degrees of comparison:

Big, high, great, quick, little, bad, narrow, large, old, new, busy, dangerous, beautiful, attractive, warm, nice, low, far, important, modern.

Exercise 5. Find the words with the following meanings:

• the physics of biological processes and the application of methods used in physics to biology;

• a place where live animals are kept under natural conditions for study, research, etc.;

• the process of bringing a person, etc., to an agreed standard of proficiency, etc., by practice and instruction;

• the position of being an intern or the period during which a person is an intern;

• the treatment of physical disabilities by massage, electrotherapy, or exercises.

Exercise 6. Read and translate the text.