Aerodrome

1. What is an aerodrome?

(Is a defined area on landi or water that is used for the arrival , daparture and surface movement of aircraft)

2. How can the aerodromes be different?

(size, category, purpose)

3. What elements does each aerodrome include?

(airport lanside and airside, terminal airspace)

4. What is he runway?

( is defined rectangular area, prepared for the landing and take off run of aircraft along its lenght)

5. How are runways usually numbered?

(in relation to the magnetic direction)

6. What else is added to the RW designation, except numbers?

(L, R, C)

7. Define the stopway.

(Is a difined rectengular area at the end of the runway)

8. Where should an aircraft be stopped in case of abandoned take off? (stopway)

9. Define the clearway./What is a clearway?

( it is a plane extending into the air from the end of the runway )

10. What is a taxiway?/Define the taxiway.

( is a defined path established for the taxiing of aircraft)

11. How is the connection between different parts of the aerodrome provided? (taxiways)

12. What is HST or turn off?

(Hight Speeed Taxiway is a TW connected to a runway at an acute angel )

13. What allows landing aircraft to turn off at higher speed minimizing the RW ossupancy time? (HST)

14. Define apron/ramp. What are the purposes of an apron?

( difined area intended to accomodate aircraft for purposes of loading or unloading passangers r cargo , refueling , parking or maintanance , called appron or ramp. Appron is used for parking)

15. Define aircraft stand.

(area on the apron for AFT parking)

16. What is the purpose of maintenance area?

17. Which aerodrome element relates to the capacity and capability of the airport to accomodate different categories of aircraft?

18. What is a Tower? What does the Tower provide?

(ATC services to all AFT in the vicinity of the aerodrome and in the maneuvering area)

19. Define holding bay.

(area where AFT can be held or by-passed to facilitate efficient surface AFT movement)

20. Define holding point.

(position at which taxiing AFT may be required to hold to obtain adequate clearance from a RW)

21. Define threshold.

(the beginning of the RW usable for landing)

22. What is AFT refueller/tow-bar/tug/GPU (Ground Power Unit)/mobile lounge/double-deck loader used for?

23. What aviation specialists maintain the proper operation of the aerodrome?

(airport director, airport engineer, maintenance engineer, meteorologist, ATC, marshaller)

Aircraft. Systems

1. Give the definition to ‘aircraft’.

(Is a craft used for transportation cargo and people by air)

2. Give the definition to ‘wing’. What does it provide? What must the wing support?

(Is a metal structure on both side of fuselage, providing nesessary lift and supporting weight of aircraft)

3. What is roll?(крен) What device is it controlled by?

(Rotation about the longitudinal axis. Controlled by the ailerons)

4. What is pitch?(тангаж) What device is it controlled by?

(Rotation about the lateral axis. Controlled by the elevator(высота))

5. What is yaw? What device is it controlled by?

(Rotation about the vertical axis. Controlled by the rudder.)

6. What are ailerons?

(The ailerons are movable surfaces hinged to the outer trailing edge of the wing(задняя кромка крыла), and attached to the cockpit control column by mechanical linkage.)

7. What type of control is obtained through the use of them?

(Lateral control is obtained through the use of ailerons, and on some air­planes the aileron trim tabs. )

8. What is rudder?

(Directional control of the airplane is obtained through the use of the rudder. The rudder is a movable surface hinged to the trailing edge of the vertical stabilizer (fin) and attached by mechanical linkage to the rudder pedals located in the cockpit. )

9. What is the purpose of the rudder in flight?

(It should be understood that the purpose of the rudder in flight is to control yaw and not to turn the airplane.)

10. What is elevator?

(Elevators are movable control surfaces hinged to the horizontal stabilazer)

11. What is the purpose of the elevator in flight?

(Contros used to give the pilot longitudinal control around lateral axis)

12. What is a fuselage? What does fuselage acomodate?

(fuselage is a body of an aircraft)(passangers. Cargo. Cockpit. Equipment. )

13. How are civil aviation aircraft subdivided according to their purpose?

(training and sport aircraft. Transport aircraft. Passangers. General purposes)

14. How can all aircraft be classified in accordance with their structural peculiarities? Depending on the:

- number and position of main planes; (high wing. Low wing. Middle wing. )

- number of engines;( single,twin,multi engie)

- landing gear construction;(land plane, hydroplane,amfibian)

- fuseage type.(single, twin)

15. Name the main parts of a conventional aircraft.

(Fuselage, tail unit, wing, landing gear,powerplant)

16. What does the tail unit consist of?

(Vertical and horizontal stabilizers)

17. What is the landing gear system used for?

(Landing or take off and taxiing)

18. What are the two basic types of landing gear?

(These are the conventional l. G and tricycle)

19. What is a propeller?

(It is a device for propelling aircraft)

20. What is an engine?

(Is an engie that is used for propelling aircraft)

21. What types of engines do you know?

(piston, turbo, turbojet, jet, turbo prop, steam driven engie)

22. What are the components of a piston engine?

(Cylinder, intake valve, экзост, pistons, connecting rods)

23. What does the aircraft structural strength depend on?

(purpose)

24. How is an airplane strength measured?

(Airplane strength is measured basically by the total load which the wings are capable of car­rying without permanent damage to the wing structure.)

25. Which main aircraft systems are the conventional aircraft equipped with?

26. What is the main function of

- the oil system (What is a dipstick? It’s purpose);

- the fuel system (How are fuel systems classified? What are the basic fuel system components? Where are fuel tanks usually mounted?);(transfering fuel to the engien. The two classification are the gravity feed and the fuel pump system. Carburator, pumps, fuel tanks. Auxiliary electric driven pump)

- the electrical system (What is it designed for? What are the basic electrical system components? Describe the purpose of circuit breakers and fuses); (is requaried to operate nvavigation and comunication radio , lights,and other equipment. Generator,battery, master switch, bus bar, fuses, ammeter)

- the hydraulic system;(is designed to operate undercarriage стойка шасси, wheel brakes, nose wheel steering, control surface. Acumulators, engie driven pumps,valves , filters)

- the flight control system (What are the components of the primary and secondary flight control systems?);(primary : elevator, aileron, and rudder. Secondary: trim tabs and wing flaps)

- the anti-icing system;

- the fire-extinguishing system;

- the air conditioning system and what does it consist of?(provides maintaining the air in the pressurized compartments at the desired level of pressure, temperature and freshness, each engine is equipped with an oil pressure gauge and an oil temperature gauge)

27. What is the cooling system designed for?

(The oil pressure indication varies with the temperature of the oil. If the oil temperature is cold the pressure will be higher than if the oil is hot.)

28. What system provides a spark in the cylinder?(spark ignite the fuels/air mixture in the cylinder is provided by the ignition system)