Практика устной речи по английскому языку - Малышева О.Л., Валько О.В., Щёголева Т.П

Exercise 2. A. There are six people in the Bracewell family: Practice grandfather,aged86;MrandMrsBracewell;Jenny,their

21-year-old daughter; Tommy, their 19-year-old son; Timmy, their 14-year-old son.

Imagine how each member of the family felt on these six days of a week at the end of last year. Write one or two adjectives to describe each person’s mood per day.

Example: On Monday, Grandfather felt sad but pleased for his grandson. Mr Bracewell was depressed and easily annoyed.

Mon: Tommy announced he was going to Australia for a few years to find work.

Tues: It was the second anniversary of Grandmother’s death.

Wed: Mrs Bracewell came back from a shopping spree during which she had bought half the local fashion store’s stock.

Thur: Mr Bracewell admitted that he’d lost his job.

Fri: Timmy showed his (very bad) annual school report to the rest of the family.

Sat: Jenny announced that she was getting married.

B.Discuss or write the answer to this question: How do the items below affect your moods?

-the weather and temperature

-your health

-work

-the world situation

-the time of day or week or year.

Exercise3. A.Chooseoneofthewordsbelowasthetitleforthispoem, Preparation and use the same word to fill the blanks.

I’ve tried.

________ is God’s gift to the nervous. Best if kept bottled up inside.

I once knew a man who couldn’t care less. He died.

Roger McCough

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Meaning B. Put the listed words in the column which you think is most appropriate.

Which of the words have equivalent verbs? What are these verbs?

Activate C. Put the correct form of the adjective in these sentences.

a.The paintings were very gruesome. I was (appall)______.

b.This play is extremely (upset)_____. I don’t want to go on watching it.

c.He makes me feel very (inhibit)_____. I don’t feel able to express my feelings when he’s around.

d.The sight of an audience of 2,000 people as you get up to speak is very (intimidate)_____.

D.Re-write these sentences using exactly the word given.

a.I cannot believe the news you have just given me. (astonishing)

b.She felt her anger increasing with every word he uttered. (irritated)

c.When I burst the balloon the poor child leapt nearly three feet into the air. (frightening)

d.I can’t help being very worried about the future. (anxiety)

e.The puppet show made the children very happy. (delighted)

f.I think about you all the time and then I feel unhappy. (worry)

g.I am utterly shocked by his rude behaviour. (appalls)

h.My heart is full of joy at your arrival. (gladdens)

Exercise4. A. Makealistofthekindoftopicsyouwouldexpecttofind Introduction in a horoscope. What kind of predictions are usually

given about those topics?

Reading B. Read this horoscope from a woman’s magazine and answer these questions. Learn and use the underlined words and phrases.

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*Which of the topics you selected in exercise A are not mentioned here?

*Which topics mentioned here are not in your original list?

*Which of the predictions you suggested in exercise A are not given here?

*Which predictions in this horoscope are not in your original list?

*Which star sign is missing?

Your Horoscope by Lucille Burton

ARIES Your patience could be sorely tested – keep your temper under control. Money matters need be thought through as precipitous action might cause anxiety. A child’s input is surprisingly wise.

TAURUS Neighbours could provide a social life for you if you were not too unfriendly. Someone who’s been critical of you is feeling inadequate herself. If you become defensive, you’ll both feel guilty.

GEMINI A visit from an out-of-town relative needn’t be a burden.

Modify your attitudes. Don’t procrastinate with a minor medical problem. A doctor’s visit would relieve your mind.

CANCER Don’t be stubborn; you must listen to a family member’s point of view. A party or social situation will be a good place for making contacts. A financial adviser could mislead you, so get a second opinion before putting money on the line.

LEO Enjoy an expensive purchase. A sermon or conversation may inspire you to deep feelings of serenity. A loved one’s well-meaning

advice may be too fear-based, so trust your own instincts.

LIBRA You may be feeling impatient; guard temper and sensitivity. Money matters could be a mixed bag; some balance is coming. You’ll need to be realistic about friendship that has seen better days. SCORPIO You could be helpful to a neighbour without much effort.

Keep better informed about current events if you want to socialize with interesting people. You may meet an old flame by accident. Don’t be surprised if there’s a touch of spark left.

SAGITTARIUS You could be feeling nervous and shattered but this won’t last. Make time for a physical sport you really enjoy. A young person’s open-mindedness is to be commended. Don’t let your fears inhibit you from doing what’s right.

CAPRICON A change of scene would spark your enthusiasm; get away even for a day’s outing. If friendship proves disappointing, focus on other things. Brooding won’t help. Pay bills promptly.

AQUARIUS You’ll be in the limelight and enjoying favourable publicity. You could have trouble with an electrical gadget and would be wise to pay for professional repairs. Don’t be intimidated by a smug female.

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PISCES Deep emotion could sweep over you for no apparent reason. It’ll pass and you’ll feel stronger. A pet should be taken to the vet if it becomes lethargic. Wise investment could now pay dividends.

Activate C. Interview your partner. Find out if horoscope predictions come true. Ask about the most surprising predictions and answ hat he/she feels about horoscopes.

D. Write the entry for Virgo in the same style as Lucille Burton. Virgos are supposed to be perfectionists who want everything to be exactly right.

Exercise 5. A. What are the nouns which correspond to the following

Say when you might feel these emotions.

Activate B.Put an appropriate word or form of a word from exercise A in the blanks.

a.When I arrived at the house he didn’t even say hello to me. I thought he was very _____.

b.You have to be very careful with her. If she’s feeling _____ the slightest thing will make her cry.

c.As she approached her death she gradually became more peaceful. Everyone remarked on her _____.

d.When he asked for help again there was still nothing I could do and my feelings of _____ grew by the minute.

e.You mustn’t feel _____ just because he’s your boss.

f.Some men only buy their wives flowers when they are feeling ____

about something.

g.Once she’s made up her mind she won’t budge. She’s as _____

as a mule.

h.Of course he felt _____ when he failed to get a place at the language school.

C.In the horoscope for Aries it says ‘keep your temper under control’. Which of the following phrases go with mood, which phrases go with temper, and which go with both? Tick the boxes.

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To be in a:

good bad excellent foul

To keep your

To lose your

Speaking D. Describe someone you met recently who was in a particular mood and nearly or completely lost their temper. What signs did they give of their mood or temper?

Exercise 6. A. Read and translate these sentences:

Metaphor/

Idiom Marina: It made me really mad. Shiona: It really gives me a buzz. Will: I was bowled over.

Chris: I’m really over the moon about this. Roger: It got me down.

Tom: It took me completely by surprise. Sarah: I was caught off balance.

B. Write the names of the speakers in the correct columns:

Exercise7. Say how you felt when you:

Activate

a.got your exam results

b.heard the news of an earthquake

c.found out that you were going to be an aunt or uncle

d.heard terrible laughter coming from the loft of your house in the middle of the night

e.discovered that your friend had taken your car without asking and crashed it into a lorry

f.found a note saying that your partner had gone off with another man/woman

g.answered the door to find a man telling you that you had won a lottery

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Chooseoneofthesituationsandmakeaconversationinwhich the person rings up their best friend to tell them about it.

Exercise8. Read the text.Doyoubelieve in ‘prophetic’ dreams?Why?

Reading

Dreams

The fascination of dreams has been felt by all people at every stage of human history. In primitive societies it is sometimes believed that the soul takes leave of the body during sleep and actually visits the scenes of the dream. In general, however, the view that dreams are illusory experiences is universally accepted.

To the psychologist, the dream is a form of natural expression which occurs only when the activity of the brain is depressed by sleep or by the influence of anaesthetics or drugs. It has much in common with the fantasies and day-dreams of waking life, and differs from them mainly in being expressed in a dramatic form in which the dreamer himself appears to play a part. When dreaming, moreover, one tends to believe in the ‘reality’ of the dream world, however inconsistent or illogical it may be. It is only when one awakes that happenings of the dream dissolve into a half-forgotten fantasy.

The sense of time is often said to be great altered in dreams. There is some evidence that dream happenings which seem to occupy a very considerable time occur, in fact, within a few seconds.

People differ very much in the frequency of their dreams. Some claim to dream every night, others but very occasionally. Although it is probable that there exist real individual differences in the capability to dream, it must be borne in mind that some people appear to forget their dreams much more rapidly than others and are therefore apt to claim that they seldom dream.

Many superstitions and occult practices have been built round the supposed power of dreams to foretell the future. Instances of dreams which have later turned out to be ‘prophetic’ have often been recorded.

Do animals dream? Unfortunately we cannot be sure of the answer. Everyone knows that a sleeping dog often behaves as though he were dreaming, but it is impossible to tell whether it is really dreaming. By analogy with human experience, however, it is reasonable to suppose that at least the higher animals are capable of dreaming.

Exercise 9. A. Find the words related in meaning from lists 1 and 2.

Vocabulary

a. 1. to foretell, to occur, to record, to dissolve, to play a part, to behave, to accept;

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2.to forecast, to adopt, to take place, to play a role, to act, to disintegrate, to register.

b.1. occult, inconsistent, reasonable, illusory, considerable, apt, unfortunate;

2.supernatural,sensible,likely,deceptive,unlucky,contradictory,large;

c.1. frequency, drug, soul, influence, evidence, happening, instance, fascination, stage;

2.narcotic, control, spirit, phase, event, oftness, example, charm, data;

d.1. seldom, therefore, as though, much more, moreover;

2.that’s why, rarely, as if, far more, besides.

Translation B. Translate into Russian paying attention to thecorrespondinggrammar structures:

It is said / supposed / believed / known / thought that …

1. It is known that dreams reflect our waking life. 2. It was thought that human soul left the body during sleep and traveled about, visiting other people in their dreams. 3. It is supposed that higher animals are capable of dreaming. 4. In early societies it was believed that prophets could foretell the future.

He is said / believed / supposed / considered + Infinitive

1.The sense of time is known to be greatly altered in dreams.

2.Prophets were considered to have supernatural powers. 3. Brain is considered to be never fully inactive. 4. Dreams were believed to be meaningful and prophetic. 5. People are known to differ in the way they dream. 6. Young children are considered to have poor memory. 7. Human character is known to be influenced both by hereditary and environmental factors. 8. Sigmund Freud’s theory is known to explain a great deal in the mechanism of dreams.

To tend + Infinitive

1. Social forces tend to regularize individual behaviour. 2. Members of the same family tend to have many common features in their behaviour. 3. Slow readers tend to comprehend the subject matter better than fast readers. 4. We tend to exaggerate our own troubles and diminish those of others. 5. Dreams tend to be forgotten very soon.

Subordinate clauses with ‘however’

1. However illogical and strange our dream world may seem, it reflects the realities of our waking life. 2. However great individual differences in human behaviour are, it is still possible for a psychologist

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to make generalizations. 3. However inconsistent and illogical this doctrine may seem now, it was popular for a long time. 4. However deeply our subconscious troubles and thoughts may be buried in waking life, they always come up in dreams. 5. However naive and primitive medieval psychological theories may seem now, they laid the basis for modern science.

Participial constructions with ‘when’ and ‘while’

1. When dreaming people sometimes remember half-forgotten incidents of their past. 2. While reading he always made notes in his books. 3. Good children speak when spoken to. 4. When meeting somebody for the first time, one should try to appear friendly and self-confident. 5. Through the years, while trying to lessen world tension, the United Nations Organization has been concerned with the problem of preventing the use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any country.

Exercise 10. A. Fill in the blanks with the words from the box.

Activate

1.In my dream I had a _____ of flying. 2. She had no ____ of right or wrong. 3. We can only perceive through our five _____. 4. Try to be calm and logical and not over-_____al. 5. I have made my _____

perfectly clear. 6. She never let herself get carried away with _____. 7. In order to get the secret from him, she played on his _____.

Synonyms B. Substitute the underlined words with synonyms.

Dreams still a secret

What are dreams? Volumes have been written on the subject, but the real dreams mechanism is still an enigma and many laboratories around the world seek to unveil it. A special electronic unit watching and registering the eye movements of a sleeping person has been tested at the University of Texas. The results proved among other things, that dreams affect a

person’s entire body, which reacts with slight muscle movement.

Translation C. Translate into Russian:

1. People usually have their most vivid dreams during a personal crisis. 2. Dreams in which you are being chased by someone generally refer to a member of the opposite sex. 3. External influences can change one’s dreams while one is actually dreaming. 4. Freud, the famous psychologist, considered that dreams were messages from the dreamer’s

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subconscious self. 5. Yung, one of Freud’s students, believed that it was impossible for a psychiatrist to understand a stranger’s dream. Certain symbols were the same in all dreams, but the clue to the dreams was hidden in the dreamer’s own personality. 6. A lot of research is being done into dream today.

Exercise 11. A. Answer the questions:

Speaking

1.Why do dreams fascinate all people at every stage of human history?

2.What may a definition of a dream be?

3.In what way does a dream differ from fantasy and day-dreaming?

4.What kind of ‘reality’ is the ‘reality’ of a dream world?

5.How is the sense of time affected by the dream?

6.Are there individual differences in people’s capabilities to dream?

7.Why are dreams so closely connected with various superstitions and occult practices?

8.What do we know about the dreaming of animals?

9.They say, Abraham Lincoln dreamed about his assassination a few days before it happened. How could you interpret his dream?

10.Have you ever had meaningful (or ‘prophetic’) dreams?

B. Make up situations or short stories using the following expressions:

Exercise 12. Choose one of the topics below:

Writing

*Write about the brightest dream you’ve ever had.

*Write, how you moods change during a day, what influences them, and how you usually improve your bad mood.

*Describe the situation when you’ve experienced the strongest feelings and emotions.

UNIT 22. LIKES AND DISLIKES

Exercise 1. Read the first text. Then complete the second text, using Presentation informationinthetableandthevocabularyinthefirst text.

Neville and Rachel are happily married, and they get on well together, but they are very different kinds of people. Rachel is a cheerful, outgoing

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woman who enjoys talking to people; Neville is very reserved, though he likes the company of his friends.

Rachel is interested in sport – especially tennis and swimming – while Neville is more of an indoor type who prefers reading and listening to music. Neville likes cooking, and makes delicious meals for the family; Rachel can’t stand housework.

However, in spite of their differences, they do have one thing in common: they are both gifted and enthusiastic photographers, and they have organized several successful exhibitions of their work.

Anne and Peter are very similar __1__ __2__ people. They are both rather __3__, __4__ they enjoy the __5__ of their friends. They __6__ like sport, __7__ ball games: Ann plays __8__ __9__ __10__ regularly, while Peter plays __11__ for his local club.

Anne and Peter are __12__ very __13__ in __14__ music, and they often go to concerts. __15__ is a good violinist; __16__ doesn’t play an instrument. Neither of them can __17__ __18__ music.

However, __19__ __20__ of all the things they have in __21__, they do not always __22__ __23__ very well together, and they are not really very __24__ married.

B.You are going to hear short extracts from interviews with nine people. (Their names, in order, are: Liz Bullock, Vera, Basil, ‘H-A’, Jeanette, Lindsay, Tony, Liz Parkin and Ian.) They are interested in the activities listed in exercise A. Write the people’s names, and see if you can note down some of their interests as you

listen to the recording.

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