Subjunctive II and the Conditional Mood in Complex Sentences

Exercise 44. State the form of the verb. Translate the sentences into Russian.

1. "I wish," I said savagely, "I wish I were a woman of about thirty-six dressed in black satin with a string of pearls." "You would not be in this car with me if you were," he said, "and stop biting those nails, they are ugly enough already." (D.M.) 2. "He has a lot of money," Scarlett was thinking swiftly. "And if I married him right away, it would show Ashley that I didn't care a rap. And it would just kill Honey. And it would hurt Melanie, because she loves Charles so much." He was as good as anyone else and she didn't care. No, she could never care about anything again, not if she lived to be ninety. (M.M.) 3. He tried to weave away but the captain's fist caught him high on the cheekbone. His legs were weightless and he would have fallen if the two policemen had not held him up. But he was still conscious. (M.P.) 4. On my way home from my studio, I decided to call in at my parents' cottage. How I wish I had been meeting a friend or working late instead because, had I not caught her at a vulnerable moment, I don't think my mother would ever have told me the truth about my real father. I would have been able to get on with my life in ignorant bliss. (S.Times) 5. "People come there and picnic. I wish they didn't!" "So you don't think a stranger would be noticed?" "Not unless he looked – well, off his head." (A.Chr.) 6. "The poisoner had poisoned the cutlery. If, for example, the fork had been coated with a colourless odourless poison which dried, Euphemia would have been fooled. The cat, flung bits of food by hand – for no one feeds an animal with cutlery – would live; Euphemia eating the food with the poisoned cutlery, would die. Psychologically, too, it rings true." (E.Q.) 7. "If I had a child, Max," Rebecca said, "neither you, nor anyone in the world, would ever prove that it was not yours. It would grow here, bearing your name." (D.M.) 8. Had Hoffmann been watching, he would have been forced to give Miller full marks for cheek. Leaving the office he dropped in to see Max Dorn, the magazine's legal affairs correspondent. "I've just been up to see Herr Hoffmann. Now I need some background. Mind if I pick your brains?" "Go ahead," said Dorn, assuming Miller had been commissioned to do a story for Komet. (F.F.)

Exercise 45. Paraphrase the following into simple sentences with an adverbial modifier of condition introduced by but for (5.4.3.2.), and then into complex sentences with subordinate clauses of unreal condition, e.g.

That's his fault, too. Otherwise it would never have happened.  But for him it would never have happened.  If it hadn't been for him, it would never have happened. (W.G.)

1. That's Dr Salt's fault. Otherwise Alan would never have set eyes on this blasted Jill. 2. I helped Derek – I have some money that came to me from my mother – or else he would have been wondering how to pay for a few double Scotches. 3. You saved me, or I would not be alive now. 4. You always help me, that's why I am no longer homeless. 5. Think of the expense involved! Otherwise I'd go there by air. 6. The letters knock the theory on the head. Or else you might put that theory forward. 7. Salt did all this, you owe it all to him. Otherwise none of this would have happened. 8. I feel I owe you something. That's a fact. I wouldn't have come here at all otherwise. 9. Their second floor back has been let for over a year to a man called Cust. Sort of creature who wouldn't hurt a fly. And I'd never have dreamed of anything being wrong but there was something rather odd about it. 10. The fact is that his father has influence, or he would never have got the job. 11. It's a pity you were lazy. Or you would have finished the work by now. 12. "It's a pity there is the problem of your testimony. Otherwise I would be more hopeful," Sandy said. 13. It would hardly seem justified in a survey like the present one to dwell on a method as abstract as Patterson's, but this method has now assumed supreme importance in the analysis of macromolecular structures. 14. He would have ended up in a pork pie, but human kindness saved him. 15. There was so much rain, or else we should have had a good harvest.

Exercise 46. Use subjunctive II or the conditional mood in complex sentences with clauses of unreal condition.

1. Dare he risk the station? Yes – there would be crowds there – special trains – if luck (to be) on his side he (to do) it all right. If only luck were with him! (A.Chr.) 2. I (to stay) in bed if I (to be) you. You don't look well. 3. "It was in all the New York papers. Did you read about it?" "If I (to read) it I (to call) your mother sooner." (M.P.) 4. If he (to drive) round in circles it (not to matter) to me, for I was in that first flushed stage when to climb into the seat beside him was almost too much to bear. (D.M.) 5. Tears welled into my eyes and strayed upon my cheeks. I could not check them, for they came unbidden, and if I (to reach) in my pocket for a handkerchief he (to see). (D.M.) 6. Had I been older, I (to catch) his eye and (to smile). (D.M.) 7. "You seem to forget I love Mr. de Winter," I said. "If you (to love) him you never (to marry) him," Mrs. Danvers said. "What have I ever done to you that you should hate me?" "You tried to take Mrs. de Winter's place," she said. (D.M.) 8. "Oh please, please Clara. We (to be) so grateful to you, sir, if you (to find) us a cab. Oh, thank you." (B.Sh.) 9. Henry was also a distant relative of that other boy whose face had not been seen since the evening of the great fire; but he was not old enough to understand this, and if he (to tell) that the other boy had gone in an aircraft, he (to accept) the statement without fuss or disbelief. (W.G.) 10. I (to do) it, if I (to be) captain. (L.Strong) 11. Mrs. Higgins: Now tell me about the girl. Higgins: She's coming to see you. Mrs. Higgins: I don't remember asking her. Higgins: You didn't. I asked her. If you (to know) her you (not to ask) her. (B.Sh.) 12. " … you (to think) me a perfect pig if I (to drop) you at the lodge gates? If I drive like hell now I shall just be in time to meet Giles by the London train, and it will save him taking the station taxi." "Of course," I said. "I can walk down the drive." (D.M.)

Exercise 47. Write complex sentences with a clause of condition, based on the given facts, e.g.

• He didn't give me his number, so I couldn't phone him.  If he had given me his number, I could have phoned him.

• The shop didn't pack the goods properly, so they got damaged.  If the shop had packed the goods properly, they wouldn't have got damaged.

1. He didn't remember her number, so he didn't phone her. 2. As you didn't explain your problem to me, I wasn't able to help you. 3. As the sun was in the right direction, the photographs came out very well. 4. As the sun was in the wrong direction, the photographs didn't come out well. 5. The shop packed the goods properly, and they didn't get damaged. 6. He didn't remember what had been said because he wasn't paying attention. 7. He wasn't able to answer all the questions, so he didn't pass the examination. 8. She didn't take the medicine, and she hasn't recovered yet. 9. She took the medicine and felt much better. 10. He failed his examination last year, so he is taking it again in June. 11. Since you didn't take my advice, you are in a difficult position now. 12. We haven't brought a map with us, so we don't know which road to take. 13. We don't have any wood, so we can't light a fire. 14. Since she doesn't love him, she won't marry him. 15. This exercise is easy, so everyone will get the correct answers. 16. We didn't catch the 10 o'clock train, so we didn't get there by lunch-time.

Exercise 48. Write sentences basing your clause of condition on the given fact and adding a suitable principal clause, e.g.

We didn't get there on time.  If we had got there on time, we shouldn't have found the doors locked in our faces.

1. She didn't take the medicine. 2. He passed his examination. 3. She didn't read the book. 4. We understood what he was saying. 5. The rocket didn't go into orbit. 6. He didn't give me his number. 7. The shop didn't pack the goods properly. 8. You didn't take my advice. 9. We missed the train. 10. She doesn't love him.

Exercise 49. Complete the sentences.

1. If she lived in London, she would … . 2. If he took the medicine, he … . 3. If she had taken the medicine, she … . 4. If I knew her phone number, I … . 5. If they hadn't missed the train, … . 6. If you had taken his advice, he … . 7. If you had packed the flowers properly, … . 8. If you loved me, … . 9. … if the medicine hadn't tasted so awful. 10. … if it weren't so stuffy in the room. 11. … if she hadn't married my brother. 12. If she had caught the 3 o'clock train, … . 13. We should have got there on time if … . 14. She would have given me her number if … . 15. She wouldn't have missed the plane if … . 16. …, he would have passed the examination. 17. … if she weren't so angry. 18. She would have bought the dictionary if … . 19. … if the car weren't so expensive. 20. If I didn't know you, I … . 21. I'd kill him if … . 22. If it were possible, … .23. She knew that if John had been with her, … . 24. It would be better I think if you … . 25. If I had a daughter, …

Exercise 50. Translate the sentences using subjunctive II or the conditional mood in complex sentences with clauses of unreal condition.

1. В каких городах ты бы побывала, если бы ездила в США в прошлом году? 2. Что бы ты сделала, если бы смогла прожить свою жизнь заново? 3. С каким известным человеком ты хотел бы поговорить, если бы у тебя была такая возможность? 4. Что бы ты сделала, если бы увидела, что горит дом? 5. Что бы ты сделала, если бы у тебя что-нибудь украли? 6. Какие города ты бы посетил, если бы этим летом поехал в Европу? 7. В каком городе России ты хотела бы жить, если бы была такая возможность? 8. Если бы мы тогда успели на 10-часовой поезд, мы бы добрались туда к обеду. 9. Она бы выпила лекарство, если бы оно не было таким жутким на вкус. 10. Если бы у нас сейчас были дрова, можно было бы развести костер. 11. Я, наверное, убила бы Джона, если бы он сделал подобное. 12. На твоем месте я бы пошел спать.

Exercise 51.Instructions as for 50.

1. "Если бы Майкл хотел меня видеть, он бы позвонил мне домой до этого. Очевидно, что он не хочет возобновлять наши отношения." 2. Ты сыграл грязную шутку – мы бы дали тебе огонь, если бы ты об этом попросил. Но ты не попросил. Ты прокрался (to come sneaking), как вор, и стащил очки Пигги. 3. Джо Патрони усмехнулся. "На его месте я мог бы чувствовать то же самое." 4. Ты ходил в банки и платил грабительские проценты, ждал с шапкой в руках, как нищий. Но если бы ты пришел тогда ко мне, мой кошелек был бы твоим кошельком. Если бы ты пришел ко мне за справедливостью, те подонки (scum), что погубили (to ruin) твою дочь, плакали бы сейчас горючими слезами. Если бы по несчастной случайности честный человек, вроде тебя, нажил врагов, они стали бы и моими врагами и тогда, поверь мне, они бы тебя боялись. 5. Он поздравил себя с тем, что минуту назад не привлек к себе внимание. Если бы он стукнул того ребенка – что он почти уже сделал – люди подняли бы шум. Этого, по крайней мере, он избежал. 6. Если бы я жил в каменном веке, то был бы охотником. 7. Будь я тогда на пару лет моложе, я бы расплакалась. 8. Я бы это сделал сейчас, если бы был капитаном. 9. Это было во всех газетах Нью-Йорка. Ты читал об этом? – Если бы читал, я бы позвонил твоей маме раньше. 10. Я никогда даже близко не подхожу к этому проклятому домику. И если бы у тебя были мои воспоминания, ты бы тоже не захотела ходить туда, или говорить о нем, или даже думать о нем. 11. Я бы изучила картины в галерее, мадам, если бы я была на Вашем месте, особенно ту, которую я упоминала. 12. Если бы мы взяли с собой карту, мы бы знали сейчас, по какой дороге ехать

Note. For the use of forms in clauses of condition with reference to the future see unit 5.5.2.1.2.

Exercise 52. State the form of the verb. Translate the sentences into Russian.

1. I called him Frank because Maxim did, but he would always call me Mrs. de Winter. Even if we had been thrown on a desert island together, and lived there in intimacy for the rest of our lives, I should have been Mrs. de Winter. (D.M.) 2. As she herself said, she only realized afterwards that even if someone had been crying in those wards the very thick abbey walls would have prevented her hearing it anyway. (K.B.P.) 3. Kay could have called back and said she wasn't coming but she had to see Michael, even if it were just polite talk. (M.P.) 4. It is a curious thing that there is no recognized answer to the commonest question in the world. Almost every day and often several times a day we are asked how we are and nine times out of ten we are at a loss to know how to reply. Even if we could decide, before setting out in the morning, that we felt very well or rather depressed or utterly miserable, the problem would not be solved. (C.E.Eckersley) 5. Alone and later, he faced the realization that even if he had known O'Hale was dying, he could not have stopped himself. (A.H.) 6. Even if nothing happened to delay us we should not be able to reach Sidney ahead of them. 7. Even if we hadn't been going so fast, we shouldn't have found the right turning in the dark. 8. Even if Bart should be held up at the last moment, as he was last Sunday, she wouldn't let it upset her. (D.C.) 9. However hard I try, I can never remember people's names. (L.G.Alexander) 10. I am glad it cannot happen twice, the fever of first love. For it is a fever, and a burden, too, whatever the poets may say. (D.M.)

Exercise 53. Translate the Russian sentences into English.

1. Полиция заподозрила бы этих людей, даже если бы не смогла тогда добыть прямых доказательств. 2. "But I'm not being polite," he insisted, "I would like you to have luncheon with me. Даже если бы ты не разбила ту вазу, я бы тебя пригласил." 3. Даже если бы он и знал правду, что бы он мог с этим поделать? 4. Даже если бы тогда в доме были люди, они бы меня не услышали. 5. Даже если бы ты его хорошо знала, вчера ты бы его не узнала. Он очень изменился. 6. It would be easy for Mrs. Danvers to open those doors softly, and close them again. I shouldn't know. Даже если бы я обернулась, я бы ее не увидела. 7. Gray's nerves went all to pieces and he still has those terrible headaches. Даже если бы он смог получить какую-нибудь работу, он сейчас не в состоянии за нее взяться. 8. But Josephine had not been present on the occasion of the will. И даже если бы она подслушивала под дверью (outside), вряд ли она догадалась бы, что делает ее дедушка. 9. Даже если бы они мне вчера позвонили, я не пришел бы. У меня был экзамен. 10. Что бы изменилось, даже если бы следовали твоему плану вместо моего?

Note. For the use of forms in clauses of concession with reference to the future see unit 5.5.2.2.1.2.