3.The main methodological approaches to the management of fea of the enterprise

Technology of functional management^

Organization – Planning - Control – Regulation- ( и возврат к Organization)

Systemic approach

The control subsystem ( management system)

Process of manage­ment^

Tools of Management:

Information;

Technology;

- Data processing;

Methods of management^

economic; organizational, social, psychology, natural science

Staff administration

authorities at the strategic evel;

controls at the operational level

Exit managerial influence – administrative decision

Business process: procurement; supply; production

«Exit»

Finished products: products; services

Semis

raw materials

«Entrance»

material;

intangible

Situational management management in which managerial decisions of are made with the change of economic situation and the problems they face

Adaptive approaches to management chaos-management based on chaos theory and the synergetic theory, is the ability to identify reasons for changes

Strategic Approach to management multifaceted, formal behavioral management process that helps formulate and implement effective strategies that contribute to balancing relations between the organization (including its individual parts) and the external environment and the achievement of those goals

Types of foreign economic strategies^

Export ; import ; global

The process of foreign economy activities strategic management^

Mission – goals - environmental analysis - strategy choices - strategy correction

Differences between the subsystems of operative and strategic management^

the purpose of management

Operative - Formulate and implement management decisions on a real and

increasing profits in foreign trade operations

Strategic - Rationale for strategic positions on the international market by definition of administrative decisions regarding the implementation of a permanent building of its profitability

missions of management

Operative – 1. Increase and optimize the size and structure of production and sale

2. Determination of reserves to increase the receipts from the sale of products or services and accelerate their circulation

3. Reducing production costs and sales and services

4. Increased efficiency of exports and its implementation or service

5. Choosing the best option of foreign operations

Strategic - 1. Identification of promising markets for products or services and the best option out of them

2. Determining strengths and weaknesses of the enterprise and competitiveness in domesti: and global markets

3. Increase company reputation and image of products

4. Reducing production costs and sales and service: in comparison with major competitors

5. Improving the quality, increased and improved range of products or services

- fundamentals of management

Operative - Functions and organizational structure, procedures, equipment, technology

Strategic - Employees, information system, external market

Approaches to HR

Operative - Employees - a resource company, is the individual artists and works functions

Strategic - Workers - is the foundation of the enterprise, its main source of wealth and prosperity

Areas of concentration

Operative - A look inside the company, finding ways to more efficient use of resources

Strategic - Looking beyond the enterprise, finding new opportunities in the competition, adaptation to changes in the environment

Time orientation

Operative - Focus on short and ¹ medium term

Strategic - Focus on long term

Criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of management

Operative - Yield and rational use of external potential of the enterprise

Strategic - Timely reposte reaction on a new foreign market demands and changes in the external environment

Theme 3. Motivation of employees in foreign economic activity

1.Role and importance of motivation in management of foreign economic activity

Motivation – is the act or process of providing a motive that comes from some needs and causes a person to take some actions.

Work motivation – set of energetic forces that originate both within as well as beyond an individual’s being to initiate work-related behavior and to determine its form, direction,intensity, and duration.

There are :

Intrinsic motivation - refers to motivation that is driven by an interest or enjoyment in the work itself;

Extrinsic motivation – refers to the performance of an activity in order to attain an outcome which then contradicts intrinsic motivation

Motive:

Internal – needs that every human being experienced;

External – specific situations where these needs arise.

Role of motivation in management

-Puts human resources into action. It is through motivation that the human resources can be utilized by making full use of it. This can be done by building willingness in employees to work. This will help the enterprise in securing best possible utilization of resources.

-Improves level of efficiency of employees. The level of a subordinate or a employee does not only reread upon his qualifications and abilities. For getting best of his work performance, the gap between ability and willingness has to be filled which helps in improving the level of performance of subordinates. This will result into increase in productivity, reducing cost of operations : improving overall efficiency.

-Leads to achievement of organizational goals.

Goals can be achieved if co-ordination and co-operation takes place simultaneously which can be effectively done through motivation.

-Builds friendly relationship. Motivation is an important factor which brings employees satisfaction. This can be done by keeping into mind and framing an incentive plan for the benefit of the employees. This could initiate the following things: monetary and non- monetary incentives, promotion opportunities etc..

-Leads to stability of work force. Stability of workforce is very important from the point of view of reputation and goodwill of a concern. The employees can remain loyal to the enterprise only when they have a feeling of participation in the management.