Past Indefinite/Simple, Passive

I was told to do this.	I was not told to do this
You were told to do this.	You were not told to do this	Were you told to do this?	— Yes, I was. — No, I was not.
Не/She was told to do this.	Не/She was not told to do this.	Was he/she told to do this?	— Yes, he/she was. — No, he/she was not.
We were told to do this.	We were not told to do this.
You were told to do this	You were not told to do this	Were you told to do this?	— Yes, we were. — No, we were not.
They were told to do this.	They were not told to do this.	Were they told to do this?	— Yes, they were. — No, they were not.

Future Indefinite/Simple, Passive

I shall/will be told to do this.	I shall/will not be told to do this.
You will be told to do this.	You will not be told to do this.	Will you be told to do this?	- Yes, I shall/will. - No, I shall/will not.
Не/She will be told to do this.	Не/She will not be told to do this.	Will he/she be told to do this?	- Yes, he/she will. - No, he/she will not.
We shall/will be told to do this.	We shall/will not be told to do this.
You will be told to do this.	You will not be told to do this.	Will you be told to do this?	- Yes, we shall/will. - No, we shall/will not.
They will be told to do this.	They will not be told to do this.	Will they be told to do this?	- Yes, they will. - No, they will not.

1. Страдательный залог глаголов выражает действие, направленное на лицо или предмет, указанный подлежащим предложения. При переводе предложений с глаголами в страдательном залоге часто используются неопределенно-личные предложения, страдательные причастия или глаголы в страдательном залоге:

We were told to fill in the forms the same day. - Нам велели заполнить эти бланки в тот же день.

These forms are printed on special paper. - Эти формы напечатаны на осо­бой бумаге.

They will be analysed later. - Они будут проанализированы позже.

2. Indefinite/Simple Tenses, Passive, как и все времена группы Indefinite, выра­жают обычные, повторяющиеся или разовые действия в настоящем, прошедшем и будущем времени. Они образуются с помощью вспомога­тельного глагола to be и причастия прошедшего времени (3-й формы гла­гола), которое образуется с помощью окончания -ed (для правильных глаголов):

His personal effects were packed very carefully. - Его личные вещи были упакованы очень аккуратно.

Exercises

1 Mark the verbs in the Passive Voice, with a tick, read and translate the sentences:

(1) The standard working day in many countries usually starts at 9.

(2) It lasts till 5 or 6.

(3) Overtime is generally paid.

(4) On Sundays most shops are closed.

(5) The law does not say what shops can be open.

(6) The law does not say what goods can be sold on Sundays either.

(7) If the law is broken criminal proceedings may start.

(8) Criminal proceedings may be taken.

(9) Many officials demand that the law should be abolished.

(10) To my mind, a similar law exists in many English speaking countries.

2 Translate into English:

(1) Переработанное время часто не оплачивается.

(2) Законы иногда нарушаются?

(3) Эта тема обсуждалась на прошлом уроке.

(4) Этот праздник будет отмечаться в следующий вторник.

(5) Все офисы будут закрыты.

(6) — Когда вам сказали об этом празднике?

— Мне сказали об этом вчера.

3 Answer these questions paying attention to the names of holidays:

(1) Is New Year's Day celebrated in all the countries at the same time?

(2) When is Christmas celebrated in Catholic countries?

(3) When is it marked in other Christian countries?

(4) Is Labour Day celebrated in Russia? In what countries is it? When do you think this holiday was introduced in the USA?

(5) What holidays are celebrated in Russia?

4 Find the answers to the following questions in the text:

(1) When does the standard working day start and finish in the UK and the USA?

(2) How long is the working week there?

(3) Is overtime allowed and paid?

(4) What are the usual working days?

(5) What is a week-end?

(6) What days are shops open in those two countries?

(7) What goods can be sold on Sundays in the UK?

(8) How do Englishmen treat the Sunday trading rules?

5 Write down the questions for the following answers:

(1) ______________? - Oh, no. Most businesses are closed on these days.

(2) ______________? — Yes. All the main national holidays are bank holidays.

(3) ______________? — Yes. Banks and businesses are closed on these days.

(4) ______________? — They were constituted as bank holidays in the 19th century.

6 Complete the following sentences:

(1) The main public holidays of the UK are ...

(2) The principal national holidays of the USA are ...

(3) Some other bank holidays in the UK are ...

7 Translate into English:

(1) Еще в девятнадцатом веке законом о банковских праздниках и дополнением к этому закону эти дни были объявлены в Англии «банковскими праздниками».

(2) Сверхурочная работа - явление распространенное и оплачи­вается по ставкам выше обычных.

(3) Многие официальные лица и общественность требуют, чтобы действующие правила торговли по воскресеньям были в Англии отменены.

(4) Если существующий закон нарушается, могут возбудить уго­ловное дело.

8. Sum up what the text says about:

the Sunday trading rules in the UK working day and week

bank holidays overtime

public holidays in the UK main holidays in the USA

9. What would you tell a foreigner about:

our public holidays

time when our shops are open

our working day and week