Unit # 2. Translation correspondences Points for discussion

1. Types of semantic correlation of English and Russian words

2. The notion of lexical correspondences. The theory of regular correspondences by Prof. Ya.I. Retsker.

3. Equivalent correspondences: general definition, classification, definitions of types of equivalents.

4. Variant correspondences: definition and the difference between variant correspondences and partial equivalents.

5. Contextual correspondences: definition and types of contextual correspondences.

6. Analogues as a special type of lexical correspondences. Drawbacks of translation analogues.

EXERCISES

1. Translate the following text into Russian. Find and write out units of translation which have been translated by different types of lexical correspondences.

With me, it was my liver that was out of order. I knew it because I had just been reading a patent liver-pill circular, in which were detailed the various symptoms by which a man could tell when his liver was out of order. It is a most extraordinary thing, but I never read a patent medicine advertisement without being impelled to the conclusion that I am suffering from the particular disease therein dealt with in its most virulent form... I remember going to the British Museum to read up the treatment for some slight ailment of which I had a touch. And then, in an unthinking moment, I idly turned the leaves. I forget which was the first distemper I plunged into – and before I had glanced half down the list of “premonitory symptoms”, it was borne in upon me that I had fairly got one. I plodded conscientiously through the twenty-six letters, and the only malady I could conclude I had not got was housemaid’s knee. I had walked into that reading-room a happy, healthy man. I crawled out a decrepit wreck (Jerome K. Jerome. Three Men in a Boat).

2. Analyse the types of dictionary correspondences used in the “Dictionary of New Words and Meanings” by Z. Trofimova and “A Supplement to the New English-Russian Dictionary” by I. Galperin. State the differences:

Doublespeak – 1.демагогия; 2. ложные обещания // 1.пустые слова или обещания; уклончивые речи 2.демагогия; пышные туманные речи.

Guru – 1.духовный вождь, идеолог; 2. светило, эксперт в какой-либо деятельности // 1.духовный вождь, идеолог; 2. 1) светило, ведущая фигура (в какой-либо области); 2) специалист; знающий человек; 3. шутл. психиатр.

Con game – 1. жарг. мошенничество; 2. все противозаконное; 3. нечестный, «легкий» заработок, легкая жизнь // (сокр. от confidence game) разг. мошенничество.

3. Translate the following sentences into English using appropriate correspondences

1. В марте у нас начнется большой ремонт.

2. Давид предложил на пост заместителя директора Джона.

3. Мой брат поехал в дом отдыха в Крым.

4. Туда не поеду, там отдых плохой.

5. У Иры сейчас целый ряд проблем – как найти хорошую школу для ребенка, как устроиться на работу.

6. Коллеги предложили нам сделать перерыв и продолжить обсуждение после обеда.

7. Я сегодня к вам не зайду. Мы через пару дней уезжаем. Буду собираться.

8. Вчера мы прекрасно отдохнули – ходили на такую прекрасную пьесу.

9. Я так занята, вздохнуть некогда.

10. Не одному поколению эмигрантов пришлось приспосабливаться к американскому образу жизни.