Пример 2.

Сделайте перевод текста с целью не допускать ошибок, проистекающих из неправильного понимания сущности перевода.

Примечание: Читая текст, обратите особое внимание на предложения (они пронумерованы), которые являются наиболее трудными для перевода.

WHAT'S IN A NAME?

[1] In view of recent dramatic events, terms such as deoxyribonucleic acid and endoplastic reticulum are fast becoming an essential part of the modern biologist's vocabulary.

Such further additions may well reinforce the false idea that biology, already famous (or infamous) for the length and seeming complexity of its terms, is strictly a "memory course". It probably seems to many students that biologists spend hours just sitting around and thinking up difficult words to be memorized.

In truth, it must be admitted that many biology terms are long and occasionally difficult to spell. However, there are at least two good reasons why this must be so. First of all, the biologist is faced with the need to name and describe an almost infinite number of different plants and animals, to say nothing of their parts. One cannot name just so many things using less than five or six letters. Thus the use of longer terms becomes a necessity.

Secondly, often the use of a longer term makes tlie word easier to recall. This is because the person [2] who first coins the term frequently tries to make his word descriptive. An examination of the roots and stems of many terms, not necessarily biological, will serve to make this idea clear. [3] Word Dissection

Let us take an example. Observe the following portions of words and some of their common usages. You will probably find them familiar.

Graph, meaning "write" or "draw". Thus we can write with sound (phonograph), or with light (photograph), or with stone (lithograph). The substance in a pencil with which we make a mark is graphite.

Bio, meaning "life". Thus we can have the studу of life (biology), the chemistry of life (biochemistry), and the physics of life (biophysics). We can add to the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere, the world of life, or the biosphere.

Auto, meaning "self". Thus a car which moves by itself is an automobile (self-moving), and a plant, which can manufacture its own food is autotrophic (self-nutritive). A biochemical reaction which produces substances that act as catalysts to the reaction which produces them is said to, be auto-catalytic.

Лекция 3 (примеры).

Технический перевод и его рабочие источники.

Общие источники информации.

1. Словари общего назначения.

1. Двуязычные словари.

1. Англо-русские и русско-английские неспециальные словари.

2. Фразеологические словари.

В. Одноязычные словари.

1. Толковые словари.

1. Толковые словари русского языка.

2. Толковые словари английского языка.

3. Словари иностранных слов.

2. Вспомогательные словари.

1. Словари синонимов.

2. Словари антонимов.

3. Орфографические словари.

3. Энциклопедические словари общего назначения.

II. Общие энциклопедии.

Специальные источники информации

1. Специальные словари.

1. Двуязычные специальные словари.

1. Политехнические словари.

2. Отраслевые словари.

3. Вспомогательные словари (например, словари

4. сокращений).

2. Одноязычные специальные словари (например, «Краткий политехнический словарь»).

II. Специальные энциклопедии.

1. Политехнические энциклопедии,

2. Отраслевые энциклопедии.

III. Справочники.

IV. Специальная литература.

V. Прочие источники информации.

1. Предшествующий опыт.

2. Консультации со специалистами.

Пример 1.

Переведите текст. Привести перевод подчеркнутых слов.

In spite of astounding technological advances in the development of weapons and equipment for warfare. the Infantryman's load remains about the same in terms of weight, bulk and number of items in his pack. During the past three decades, we have developed nuclear weapons which have increased our available firepower immeasurably We have developed huge airplanes that fly mote than twice the speed of sound. By exploiting air movement, we are working toward optimum mobility for our combat forces. Advancement in other areas such as communications, surveillance and target finding devices has been perhaps less spectacular but nevertheless significant. But the Infantryman, who in the final analysis must close with and destroy the enemy, has, at best, enjoyed only marginal improvement in his combat equipment, clothing and weapons.