Практическая работа №13 Правила использования системы мдп-tir.

Rules regarding the use of the TIR CARNET

Цель занятия; изучение правил Таможенной конвенции о международной перевозке грузов с применением книжки МДП (Конвенция МДП 1975 г.); освоение английской терминологии.

Это международное соглашение, принятое в 1975 г. под эгидой Европейской экономической комиссии ООН. Целью Конвенции является создание системы транспортировки грузов, упрощающей процедуры оформления грузов при пересечении им границ.

Чтобы обеспечить беспрепятственное перемещение грузов с минимальными задержками в пути и в то же время обеспечить максимальную таможенную безопасность, режим МДП содержит пять основных элементов:

1. Грузы должны перевозиться в безопасных (с точки зрения таможни) транспортных средствах или контейнерах;

2. Уплата таможенных пошлин и налогов, в отношении которых существует риск неуплаты, должна быть обеспечена международной гарантией;

3. Грузы должны сопровождаться признанным всеми государствами - участниками Конвенции таможенным документом (книжкой МДП), принятым к оформлению в государстве отправления и служащим документом контроля в государствах отправления, транзита и назначения;

4. Меры таможенного контроля, принимаемые в государстве отправления, должны признаваться всеми странами транзита и назначения;

5. Доступ к процедуре МДП для национальных объединений (разрешение на выдачу книжек МДП) и физических и юридических лиц (разрешение на использование книжек МДП) должен контролироваться уполномоченными национальными органами.

Text 4. The TIR System

The TIR letters stand for the French words "Transports Internationaux Routiers". The TIR System was designed to speed up border - crossing. It is based on an international treaty, the TIR Convention of 1975, which was drawn up under the auspices of the United Nations. The TIR System is an international transit system for goods carried by road. At least one part of the transport operation must be carried out by road, which means that multimodal transport can be included.

The TIR System applies to the transport of goods between a customs office of departure in one country and the office of destination in another country. The countries involved should be contracting parties to the TIR convention.

The system has now 68 contracting parties, mostly in Europe, the Middle East and Central Asia. It is the only transit system with a world wide vocation . The TIR Convention is operational today in 57 countries. It is based on five principles :

1. Secure vehicles or containers

Goods should travel in secure vehicles or containers

1. International Chain of Guarantee

Duties and taxes "at risk" during the journey should be covered by an internationally valid guarantee;

1. TIR Carnet

Goods should be accompanied by The TIR carnet taken into use in the country of departure serving as a control document in the countries of departure, transit, and destination.

1. Mutual recognition of customs controls

Customs control measures taken in the country of departure should be accepted by the countries of transit and destination.

1. Controlled access

Access to the TIR system for national issuing and guaranteeing associations is given by the competent national authorities, and for transport operators, by the national customs authorities and the national association.

The TIR carnet offers the following main benefits:

- For international trade:

It allows the goods forming the subject of the transaction between private entities to be put into tax-free circulation between two or more countries.

- For the transport operation:

It offers the transport operator the possibility of putting the load under customs control within the country of departure and enables him to cross the various frontiers with extremely rapid customs controls (saving time).

- For the Customs authorities:

It offers the guarantee that, if the goods "disappear" on their territory, they can recover from the chain of guarantee the total amount of the Customs duties up to a maximum of EUR 60,000 per TIR Carnet.

In each contracting party, there must be a guarantor called "the Association" which has two roles:

First, it has the responsibility of issuing TIR carnets to the operators who have been authorized to use the TIR System. Second, it has to guarantee liabilities incurred in its own country irrespective of whether the TIR carnet has been issued by it or by a foreign issuing association, as long as the latter is affiliated to the same international organization (IRU).

By using a TIR Carnet the Holder assumes full responsibility for payment of all duties, taxes, fines and penalties relating to a TIR transport if the TIR Carnet is not certified as terminated correctly.

VOCABULARY

1. under the auspices – под эгидой;

2. chain – цепь;

3. issuing – выпускающий;

4. at least – по крайней мере;

5. International Chain of Guarantee – международная гарантийная система;

6. Customs control measures – меры таможенного контроля;

7. Holder of the TIR Carnet – держатель книжки МДП.

Text 5. THE TIR SYSTEM - А GLOBAL AND SECURE TRADE FACILITATION INSTRUMENT

Reduce your costs and increase your business with the use of just one harmonized customs document and use trucks, trains and boats to deliver the goods.

The TIR Carnet is distributed by the International Transport Union (IRU), international associations, where proved holders can be issued with TIR Carnets.

The holder fills out the details of the transport that will be carried out. The transporter enters electronic pre-declaration information online the IRU TIR-EPD application, which is sent to the customs office of entry, into the European Union.

The customs officer verifies the goods and fills out the information in the TIR Carnet. He will also check the Carnet validity in CUTE-Wise.

The container continues its voyage to Almaty, in Kazakhstan by train. In Almaty, Kazakhstan, the TIR Carnet and the seals are checked, and the container is put back on the track.

At the border, the driver presents the TIR Carnet to the customs office. The customs officer will check Carnet validity in CUTE-Wise. This transport has a plan stop in Nawoiy, Uzbekistan, in order to load more goods. Therefore, the seals will be broken, and the boxes will be added to the container. The goods manifest will be amended, and the container – resealed. Procedures for each customs office of entry and exit are the same in each transit country.

The container will continue its voyage to Baku, in Azerbaijan by cargo ship. The container goes back on the boat to cross the Black Sea. The container ship arrives at the Bulgarian port of Varna, the entry into the European Union. The customs will have received the electronic TIR pre-declaration for both, firstly, to simplify clearance and for safety and security and will have conducted their risk analyses. The customs procedures at the border will be electronically validated.

The truck travels to Frankfurt, in Germany, where the seals will be broken, and the goods from Uzbekistan will be unloaded. This operation will be reflected in the TIR Carnet, and the confirmation of partial termination will be sent electronically to the safe TIR database at the IRU.

At the Dover customs office, the seal is broken. Safe TIR information is sent to confirm the final termination of the TIR operation, and this information is made available by a CUTE-Wise.

VOCABULARY

1. facilitation – облегчение, помощь;

2. to reduce costs – сокращать затраты;

3. to increase – возрастать, увеличиваться; расти, усиливаться;

4. to deliver – доставлять;

5. holder – держатель ;

6. to issue – выдавать;

7. to carry out – выполнять, осуществлять, приводить в исполнение;

8. application – просьба, заявление, форма заявления;

9. to verify – проверять, контролировать; подтверждать;

10. validity – юридическая сила, законность, юридическое действие;

11. CUTE-Wise (Customs Utility for TIR-Transaction Entry World-Wide Information System for Enquiry), CUTE-Wise — это Интернет-сайт с ограниченным доступом, где размещена информация о книжках МДП;

12. manifest – грузовой манифест, он же отрывной лист книжки МДП;

13. to amend – исправлять, совершенствовать, улучшать; вносить изменения, вносить поправки;

14. to reseal – снова запечатывать;

15. clearance – таможенная очистка, уплата пошлин;

16. termination – конец, окончание, завершение;

17. to confirm – подтверждать, ратифицировать;

18. to boost – повышать, поднимать, помогать подняться; помогать, поддерживать;

19. benefit – выгода, польза, прибыль, преимущество.

Переведите условия доставки грузов «повышенного риска» по системе МДП:

The carriage of certain goods is completely prohibited under TIR Carnet, other goods are designated “High Risk” and can only be transported under strict rules and procedures. The details are set out below.

1. Goods prohibited from transport under TIR Carnets in all Contracting Countries irrespective of the quantities carried or the amount of the duties and taxes involved:

• alcohol and derived products except for beer or wine (prohibited goods are classified under HS Codes 22.07.10 and 22.08);

• and derived products except for raw tobacco (prohibited goods are classified under HS Codes 24.02.10, 24.02.20 and 24.03.10);

2. Goods prohibited from transport under TIR Carnets only in EU Member States when they exceed the weight limits mentioned in the table below:

Description	Maximum Weight limit for the TIR guarantee
Meat of bovine animals, frozen	3000 kg
Milk and cream, concentrated or containing added sugar or other sweetening matter	2500 kg
Butter and other fats and oil derived from milk	3000 kg
Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form	7000 kg

3. Goods currently designated “High Risk” under IRU rules:

• meat of bovine animals, frozen;

• milk and cream, concentrated or containing added sugar or other sweetening matter;

• butter and other fats and oil derived from milk, margarine;

• sugar.

The rules relating to “High Risk” goods listed under (c) above apply where these constitute more than the minimum quantity mentioned in the table at the end of this Section. You may transport "High Risk" goods under ordinary TIR Carnets only if you have lodged an additional guarantee for a sum equal to USD 50,000 with the Association which issues your TIR Carnets (see Section 10 “Guarantees”). When ordering TIR Carnets you must tell your Association how many are required for the carriage of "High Risk" goods, these TIR Carnets will then be issued with the letters MHR/HVG stamped on the yellow manifest. In no circumstances can "High Risk" goods be transported without the additional guarantee in place.

Практическое задание: вставьте пропущенные слова и переведите текст.

1. The TIR Convention has proved to be one of the most effective international __________ prepared under the auspices of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe.

2. Customs transit systems are devised to facilitate to the greatest possible extent the movement of goods under Customs seals in _____________ trade and to provide the required Customs security and guarantees.

3. The operation of the TIR guarantee _________ is straightforward.

4. The monetary limits to the guarantee are ___________ for each country separately.

5. A set of two vouchers and two counterfoils is used in each _________ where a TIR operation is carried out.

HOMEWORK. TIR System and electronic data processing

The replacement of paper documents by electronic data processing is continuing and will gain further importance, also for Customs administrations and transport operators. The Customs Service of the United States of America, for example, is already using the UN/EDIFACT Standards for its extended services.

UN/EDIFACT which stands for Electronic Data Interchange For Administration, Commerce and Transport is a universal system developed within the UN/ECE. Nowadays, to move one piece of consignment, up to 50 parties in different countries may have to create, transmit, receive, process, check, correct and file more than 50 separate documents with an average of over 360 copies per shipment. Therefore, electronic data processing and tele-transmission are used more and more in international trade to reduce costs and speed up information transfer.

This will also increasingly affect Customs services and the documents used by them. The reasons are that Customs administrations are confronted with an enormous dilemma. On the one hand they are governed by laws which oblige them to collect and account for revenues in an effective and efficient manner and to prevent fraud and smuggling of contraband. On the other hand they are increasingly criticized by trading parties (importers, exporters, carriers, freight forwarders) for not facilitating the speedy throughput of cargo.

Taking into account the limitations of Customs manpower and the increasingly sophisticated methods of Customs fraud and smuggling there seems to be no other way than to increase productivity and Customs control by means of electronic data processing.

Paper based systems, such as the present TIR Carnet, are a very inefficient medium for data capture and data authentication. Therefore, as early as 1985, the UN/ECE has developed some ideas on the introduction of a dedicated micro-circuit "smart card" or electronic TIR Carnet for international transport of goods by road which could replace the present paper-based TIR Carnet at present.

The introduction of an electronic control system for TIR Carnets, already devised and recommended by the TIR Administrative Committee in October 1995, is a first step in this direction. While the so-called SAFETIR system developed and operated by the IRU on the basis of this recommendation of the Administrative Committee cannot substitute the required national Customs transit procedures, it may be used and, in fact, extended to complement any future electronic TIR system to be operated and controlled by Customs authorities. Given the large number and the diversified administrative structure of the Contracting Parties to the TIR Convention, any such electronic system must be able to function in a very decentralized and flexible manner on the basis of only a few internationally accepted standard features. This is a considerable task. But there can be no doubt: The TIR system must be kept in line with the latest developments in electronic data processing which have already and increasingly will change profoundly all related Customs, transport and trade activities.

Рейтинговая система оценки выполнения практического задания №13 заключается в следующем: перевод текста – 3 балла. Всего 3 балла.

Контрольные вопросы к практическому занятию №13

1. Where may the TIR Carnet be issued?

2. What language is the TIR carnet printed?

3. Till what moment does the TIR carnet remain valid?

4. How many the TIR Carnet are required for a combination of vehicles?

5. How many Customs offices of departure and destination TIR carnet shall not exceed?

6. How many sheets for the departure country must the TIR carnet contain?

7. How many sheets are required for each additional Customs office of departure (or destination)?

8. What problems can the carrier face in the international transportation of cargoes with?