Vocabulary

1 improvement - улучшение, усовершенствование

2 benefit - выгода; преимущество

3 to charge - запрашивать цену

4 rally - съезд, слет; митинг

5 'off the peg' - готовый

6 anxious - озабоченный, беспокоящийся

7 surplus - избыток, излишек

8 jumbo jet - авиалайнер-гигант

9 affordable - возможный; допустимый; по средствам

10 to facilitate - облегчать; способствовать; помогать

Text work

1. Find English equivalents in the text:

1 наслаждаться преимуществами отдыха

2 организованная туристическая поездка; групповой туризм

3 часть стоимости проезда

4 все было включено в одну стоимость

5 распространение железнодорожной сети

6 заполнить каюты

7 избыток авиа транспорта

8 популярный и надежный

9 доступный для чартерных рейсов

10 люди пенсионного возраста

2. Agree or disagree with the following statements:

1 The founder of present day mass tourism was Christopher Columbus.

2 Mass tourism was widely spread since 11^th century.

3 The spread of the railway network in the 19th century resulted in the decrease of Ireland's seaside towns.

4 Shipping companies were indifferent to filling cabin space that was under-utilized.

5 Nowadays the Internet assists in buying tourism products.

3. Scan the text once again and find out the meaning of the following dates and names:

1) 5 July 1841

2) 1901

3) Blackpool

4) Paris and Ostend

5) Thomas Cook

Text 5. Cultural and educational tourism

Scan the text and give the main reasons due to which people choose cultural and educational tourism.

Cultural tourism is growing with the changing travel trends and tourist demographics. Tourists are currently taking shorter vacations, mainly in urban destinations and a more sophisticated and educated tourist is emerging. Europe continues to attract increasing numbers of tourists to their cultural locations. The European Commission reported 20% of European tourists are responding to cultural motivations, while 60% of European tourists are interested in cultural discovery during their stay.

As tourism popularity and international travel continues to increase, cultural tourism interest will see a substantial increase. Moreover, interest in cultural tourism peaks for individuals between the ages 45 and 65. As the population life expectancy continues to rise, so will the interest in cultural tourism.

Currently, there is a lack of statistical research focusing on the impact of cultural tourism and its projected popularity.

Learning-oriented tourism includes audio tourism and audio walking tours; bookstore tourism, in which travellers visit independent bookstores; creative tourism workshops; educational tourism for classes; ancestry tourism, to visit birth places; Hobby tourism (such as garden tours, amateur radio DX-peditions, or square dance cruises).

The cultural sub-type of learning-oriented tourism focuses on cultural and arts activities, including cultural tourism, music tourism, and heritage tourism. The nature and environment-oriented sub-types include Coastal tourism; Ecotourism (e.g. sustainable tourism in Rainforests or national parks); Garden tourism; and Rural tourism such as Agritourism.

The World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) forecasts that international tourism will continue growing at the average annual rate of 4 %. By 2020 Europe will remain the most popular destination, but its share will drop from 60% in 1995 to 46%. Long-haul will grow slightly faster than intraregional travel and by 2020 its share will increase from 18% in 1995 to 24%.

Space tourism is expected to "take off" in the first quarter of the 21st century, although compared with traditional destinations the number of tourists in orbit will remain low until technologies such as a space elevator make space travel cheap. Technological improvement is likely to make possible air-ship hotels, based either on solar-powered airplanes or large dirigibles. Underwater hotels, such as Hydropolis, expected to open in Dubai in 2009, will be built. On the ocean tourists will be welcomed by ever larger cruise ships and perhaps floating cities.