Production Quality of Goods and Enterprise`s Competitiveness

1. General characteristics of goods (services)

2. Quality and competitiveness of products (services)

3. Standardization and certification of products

4. State supervision of internal economic and technical quality control of products

5. Marketing activity and formation of output program

1. General characteristics of goods (services)

Company's product is a direct result of enterprise ordinary activity in form of product or service.

Products are classified on the following types by level of readiness:

1. Finished products - products that meet technical and quality specifications according to requirements of contract or regulatory acts;

2. Work in progress - work items that are in production at various stages of processing;

3. Semi finished products - items of work that are treated within the same department and may be resold or transferred for further processing to another.

Nomenclature of products is a list of items, and tasks of production according to plan.

Assortment is a total variety of products of each denomination, which varies according to technical and economic indices (of different sizes, power, productivity, design).

Indices of output measurement are divided into 2 groups:

1. Natural:

• physical units (units, meters, etc.);

• conventionally natural units (thousand pcs.)

• natural double units (steel pipe can be measured both in tons and in meters);

2. Valuable:

• commodity product is the total cost of all types of finished products, semi-finished products, works and services for production implementation to consumers;

• gross product is a cost that includes the cost of commercial products and work in progress per reporting period;

• net product is net value made again by enterprise, that characterizes the results of their own labor capacity. Net product value is calculated by the following formula:

Пч = Пт – МЗ - А, де

Пт – товарна продукція; МЗ – матеріальні витрати; А – амортизаційні відрахування;

• realized product - is paid by the consumer price of products. This index allows estimating market demand satisfaction by products.

2. Quality and competitiveness of products (services)

Product quality is a totality of product properties that ensure its ability to meet specific customer needs in accordance with its intended purpose.

Competitiveness of production is a totality of product properties, which reflect a certain degree of needs satisfaction in comparison with similar products on the market. Competitiveness is determined by quality, price and service.

There are 2 indicators of product quality:

1. The absolute level of quality: is determined by calculation of some parameters without their comparison with those of similar products;

2. The relative level of quality: is determined by comparing the absolute quality of products with similar indexes of best samples.

Depending on number of product properties on indexes of quality are divided on the following:

1. Single, characterizing certain properties of the product. They are the following:

purpose (describing the suitability of product to use in sphere of application);

reliability and durability;

technology;

ergonomic (take into account the complex of hygienic, physiological properties, requirements for safety measures);

aesthetic (style, fashion, originality);

Standardization (reflecting the degree of use of products, standardized parts and components);

2. Complex, which characterize the properties of several products simultaneously. According to these indicators products are divided by the following types: sort, mark and classes;

3. General, characterizing the quality of all enterprise products:

factor of assortment renewal;

part of certified products;

part of products intended for export;

volume of products sold at discounted prices.

4. Economic - are the costs for developing, manufacturing and service of products.

Classification of quality assessing methods:

1. Depending on way of information obtain:

1.1. Measuring (includes use of technical means of control).

1.2. Registration (based on counting the number of items, cases).

1.3. Organoleptic (analysis of perception by the human sense of consumer properties of goods);

1.4. Calculating (is used to determine the quality of new product).

2. Depending on the sources of information:

2.1. Traditional;

2.2. Expert;

2.3. Social (based on social thought polls - questioning).

Economic indicators of quality:

1. Part of each class of product in total output (di):

   di = * 100 %, де

   Vi – обсяг продукції i-госорту; Vобщ – загальнийобсяг виробленої продукції;

2. Grading coefficient (Ксорт):

   Ксорт = , де

   n – кількість сортів; Vi – обсяг продукції i-госорту; Цi – ціна продукції i-госорту;; Vобщ – загальнийобсяг виробленої продукції; Ц1сорту – ціна продукції першого сорту;

3. Average price (Ц):

Ц = , де

n – кількість сортів; Vi – обсяг продукції i-госорту; Цi – ціна продукції i-госорту;; Vобщ – загальнийобсяг виробленої продукції;