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Nizhniy Novgorod International Model UN

International Atomic Energy Agency

Experts Report

Nuclear disarmament: the possibility of achieving nuclear zero

Table of Contents

Introduction

  1. Non-proliferation……………………………………………………………………. 4

  2. The Non-proliferation treaty……………………………………………………….. 4

  3. Countries, which refused to sign NPT……………………………………………... 5

  4. Nuclear disarmament……………………………………………………………….. 6

  5. Threat of nuclear weapons………………………………………………………….. 7

  6. Nuclear terrorism. New threats…………………………………………………….. 8

  7. Nuclear-weapon-free zones…………………………………………………………. 9

Conclusion

Introduction

Being an independent intergovernmental, science and technology-based organization in the United Nations family, IAEA has been always assisting in the peaceful development of nuclear technologies for the development of its Member States. The body itself has never been claiming the entirely nuclear-free world, understanding the crucial need of using that type power for various peaceful purposes. Nevertheless the threat of dissemination of mass-destruction weapon and nuclear terrorism made loads of political leaders speak about the necessity of elimination nuclear arsenals. Namely achieving the nuclear zero seems to them as the best step to the world’s stability and peace.

Undoubtedly, the first claims to start the nuclear disarmament were made in the year 1945, when the first bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki had been implemented, while the USSR was actively working on its own bomb. Today the World numbers more than 20.000 items of nuclear warheads. The Fukushima Daiichi accident of 11th, March, 2011 raised fundamental questions about the future of nuclear energy throughout the world. Supposing we keenly need this source of power, what’s the maximum in the amount of weapons the states should have and hold? If we proclaim the policy of nuclear zero, which steps should be made to reduce the amount of warheads, destroy them and prohibit the development of these technologies in military application?

If on the one hand, the owning of nuclear weapons means safety, on the other hand the world has already achieved the state of nuclear standoff, when all the countries, which hold that kind of weapons had to spend a share of a budget on the possession of weapons. Moreover, loads of money are spent on keeping the nuclear power in safety, as terrorists are looking for the ways of stealing this kind of weapons. At the same time, experts point out that the best remedy for keeping nuclear weapons out of the hands of terrorists is to drastically reduce their numbers (the threat of nuclear force cannot act as a deterrent against terrorists because they do not have a territory to retaliate against) and institute strict international inspections and controls on all nuclear weapons and weapons-grade nuclear materials in all countries, until these weapons and the materials for making them can be eliminated. The history knows these accidents when criminals tried to implement their ideas with the help of nuclear power, while the Earth still remembers nuclear accidents.

The danger of using nuclear power for military purposes should be also mentioned here as if we exercise the arms, we should understand that the costs and consequences of a nuclear war would be immeasurable. Finally, it’s necessary to take into account the fact that alongside with economic disadvantages and environmental destructions the usage of nuclear power for military purposes does not contribute to the solving of major world-wide problems, which is the main idea of the existence of the International Atomic Energy Agency and the United Nations Organization.

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