1. Переведите предложения. Помните, что независимый причастный оборот переводится придаточным обстоятельственным предложением.

1. The ice being very thin, we could not cross the river. 2. Weather permitting, the children will play in the open air. 3. The work having been done, all the workers went home. 4. The experiment being demonstrated, all the students watched it with great attention. 5. The professor having delivered the lecture, the students put many question to him. 6. Some hydroelectric stations having been built on big rivers, many villages and towns were electrified. 7. The working day being over, the city transport was overcrowded. 8. All the problems having been solved, they stopped the discussion. 9. Nobody being on the highway, he was driving his car very fast. 10. The experiment having been finished, everybody went home.

2. Найдите причастные обороты, определите их функцию (определение, обстоятельство), укажите зависимый это оборот или независимый, и переведите предложения.

1. Moscow and London have different climate, the average temperature being higher in London than in Moscow. 2. The American continent has a large area stretching from the North Pole to the 50^th parallel. 3. The windows being shut and curtained, no fresh air and light could pass freely into the room. 4. A chemist uses different chemicals making experiments on the properties of materials. 5. Using steel as a building material the engineer should take into consideration its varying properties. 6. Steel being widely used in industry and construction, its production is constantly increasing. 7. Lying deep under the ground the Roman wall indicates the locality of the Roman military station. 8. Dissolving in each other two metals form an alloy. 9. Natural substances having definite physicochemical properties are called minerals. 10. The Behring Strait dividing Asia from America forms a natural border between our country and the United States.

3. Найдите причастные обороты, определите их функцию, переведите предложения, употребляя обстоятельственные или определительные придаточные предложения с союзами или союзными словами “когда”, “так как”, “после того как”, “который”, “причем”.

1. Tickets being required for the examination are kept by the secretary. 2. Being required for the examination all the examination tickets should be ready by the first of May. 3. Having been required by the examination commission the examination tickets were delivered to them yesterday. 4. The examination is fixed for the next week, a translation from English into Russian being required. 5. Being built in the Far North the station should be protected from the cold winds. 6. The new school being built of white stone, aluminium and glass will look bright and elegant. 7. Having been built nine centuries ago the White Tower has been reconstructed several times. 8. The settlement occupies a large area, the houses being built along the river. 9. Having been given the wrong address the man could find the way with great difficulty.

4. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на независимый причастный оборот. Употребите союз “так как”, если оборот стоит в начале предложения, и союзы “причем”, “а”, “и”, если он стоит в конце предложения.

1. The article having been translated, he could read some book for pleasure. 2. The sun having risen, they continued their way. 3. The population of the city increasing, much attention must be paid to housing construction. 4. No essential results having been obtained, the scientists had to carry out some more experiments. 5. The translation of the report having been finished, he showed it to the author. 6. The train starting, I ran to catch it. 7. He works hard to pass his entrance examinations, his sister doing her best to help him. 8. The talks between the two countries were conducted behind the closed doors, measures having been taken that no correspondent should receive any information. 9. A site for the construction having been chosen, the work started. 10. The University of Cambridge having been closed because of the plague, Newton was obliged to return home. 11. The ice showing cracks in the region of the camp, the explorers were obliged to remove the tent and all the equipment to another place. 12. The work of Polzunov remaining unknown for more than a century, people believed that the inventor of the first steam engine was James Watt. 13. Weather permitting, the planes will leave the Polar station. 14. No satisfactory results having been obtained, the inventor proceeded with his calculations. 15. All the equipment removed, the explorers went on working in spite of the heavy snow-storm.